{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T11:50:37Z","timestamp":1792497037987,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS103212, RF1 NS122174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS103212, RF1 NS122174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    CD8 T cell infiltration of the central nervous system (CNS) is necessary for host protection but contributes to neuropathology. Antigen presenting cells (APCs) situated at CNS borders are thought to mediate T cell entry into the parenchyma during neuroinflammation. The identity of the CNS-resident APC that presents antigen\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I to CD8 T cells is unknown. Herein, we characterize MHC class I expression in the na\u00efve and virally infected brain and identify microglia and macrophages (CNS-myeloid cells) as APCs that upregulate H-2K\n                    <jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>\n                    and H-2D\n                    <jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>\n                    upon infection. Conditional ablation of H-2K\n                    <jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>\n                    and H-2D\n                    <jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>\n                    from CNS-myeloid cells allowed us to determine that antigen presentation\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    H-2D\n                    <jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>\n                    , but not H-2K\n                    <jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>\n                    , was required for CNS immune infiltration during Theiler\u2019s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection and drives brain atrophy as a consequence of infection. These results demonstrate that CNS-myeloid cells are key APCs mediating CD8 T cell brain infiltration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.726421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]],"date-time":"2021-09-03T13:21:11Z","timestamp":1630675271000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Microglia and Perivascular Macrophages Act as Antigen Presenting Cells to Promote CD8 T Cell Infiltration of the Brain"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Emma N.","family":"Goddery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cori E.","family":"Fain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chloe 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