{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:14:44Z","timestamp":1787026484107,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012659","name":"Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81900795 , 82071809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81900795 , 82071809"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High prevalence of undiagnosed psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and prolonged diagnostic delay are key troubles in the appropriate management of PsA. To analyze the possible causes for this phenomenon, a web-based nationwide survey was conducted to investigate rheumatologists\u2019 perceptions on PsA diagnosis in China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The electronic questionnaire consisting of 38 questions were designed by an expert panel and distributed with the online survey tool Sojump, which is a professional online survey platform. The completed questionnaires by real-name rheumatologists were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1594 valid questionnaires were included. More than half of Chinese rheumatologists reported it was challenging to make a diagnosis of PsA. The four major challenges were \u201cDifficulties in identification of atypical or hidden psoriasis\u201d, \u201cAbsence of diagnostic biomarkers\u201d, \u201cNo active self-report of history or family history of psoriasis\u201d and \u201cVarious musculoskeletal manifestations\u201d. In diagnosing PsA, minor participants had incorrect knowledge of inflammatory arthropathy (13.7%), acute phase reactant (23.8%), and rheumatoid factor (28.7%). There were no significant differences in the knowledge of PsA and practice habits in diagnosing PsA between modern western medicine (WM)- and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-rheumatologists. The part-time rheumatologists were not as good as full-time rheumatologists in diagnosing PsA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>About three quarters of Chinese rheumatologists are familiar with the elements in PsA diagnosis and have good practice habits in diagnosing PsA. Four main challenges in making PsA diagnosis are revealed. There was no significant difference in the knowledge of PsA between WM- and TCM-rheumatologists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.733708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T23:55:16Z","timestamp":1638489316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Perceptions of Rheumatologists on Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis in China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Miao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Ming","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1505557","article-title":"Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"376","author":"Ritchlin","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2009.210","article-title":"The Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Anandarajah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"Psoriatic Arthritis (PSA)\u2013an Analysis of 220 Patients","volume":"62","author":"Gladman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30830-4","article-title":"The Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"391","author":"Veale","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108390","article-title":"Challenges in the Clinical Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"214","author":"Rida","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201972","article-title":"Early Psoriatic Arthritis: Short Symptom Duration, Male Gender and Preserved Physical Functioning at Presentation Predict Favourable Outcome at 5-Year Follow-Up. Results From the Swedish Early Psoriatic Arthritis Register (SwePsA)","volume":"73","author":"Theander","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202608","article-title":"Smoking and Delay to Diagnosis are Associated With Poorer Functional Outcome in Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"72","author":"Tillett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.19144.1","article-title":"Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Ocampo","year":"2019","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204858","article-title":"Diagnostic Delay of More Than 6 Months Contributes to Poor Radiographic and Functional Outcome in Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"74","author":"Haroon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-016-8529-8","article-title":"Interactions of the Immune System With Skin and Bone Tissue in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"51","author":"Sukhov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2015.07.008","article-title":"Comorbidities in Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Husni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.032482","article-title":"Psoriatic Arthritis: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Course, and Outcome","volume":"64","author":"Gladman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.201199","article-title":"Diagnostic Delay in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Population-Based Study","volume":"48","author":"Karmacharya","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1673-8705.2014.03.001","article-title":"Second Survey of Chinese Rheumatologists","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-017-0470-0","article-title":"How the Public Uses Social Media Wechat to Obtain Health Information in China: A Survey Study","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"B16","unstructured":"Tencent. The Monthly Active Accounts of WeChat are 1.242 Billion"},{"key":"B17","unstructured":"Sojump"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.03985.x","article-title":"Prevalence and Characteristics of Psoriatic Arthritis in Chinese Patients With Psoriasis","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker370","article-title":"Epidemiology of Eight Common Rheumatic Diseases in China: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Survey in Beijing","volume":"51","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2016.1193436","article-title":"Improvements in Diagnostic Tools for Early Detection of Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"12","author":"D\u2019Angelo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.06.027","article-title":"Prevalence of Psoriatic Arthritis in Patients With Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational and Clinical Studies","volume":"80","author":"Alinaghi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0147-9","article-title":"Pathophysiology, Assessment and Treatment of Psoriatic Dactylitis","volume":"15","author":"McGonagle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.018184","article-title":"Dactylitis in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Marker for Disease Severity","volume":"64","author":"Brockbank","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0049-0172(98)80027-9","article-title":"Dactylitis: Implications for Clinical Practice","volume":"28","author":"Rothschild","year":"1998","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740600906677","article-title":"Dactylitis, a Term for Different Digit Diseases","volume":"35","author":"Olivieri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21972","article-title":"Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis: Development of New Criteria From a Large International Study","volume":"54","author":"Taylor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B27","article-title":"Association of Rheumatoid Factor and Uric Acid With Psoriatic Arthritis: A Review","volume":"23","author":"Khondker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mymensingh Med J"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-2956-8","article-title":"Are Anti-CCP Antibodies in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients a Biomarker of Erosive Disease","volume":"34","author":"Perez-Alamino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2020.1343","article-title":"Assessment of Serum Levels of Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Brazilian Cohort","volume":"13","author":"Gruber","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Rep"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.17-1-65","article-title":"Psoriatic Arthritis: State of the Art Review","volume":"17","author":"Coates","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2007.1s.52","article-title":"Laboratory Findings in Psoriatic Arthritis","volume":"59","author":"Punzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reumatismo"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.733708\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T23:55:21Z","timestamp":1638489321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.733708\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2021.733708"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.733708","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]]},"article-number":"733708"}}