{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:35:11Z","timestamp":1791336911066,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Scabies, a human skin infestation caused by the ectoparasitic mite <jats:italic>Sarcoptes scabiei<\/jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>hominis<\/jats:italic>, affects more than 200 million people globally. The prevailing knowledge of the disease process and host immune response mechanisms is limited. A better understanding of the host-parasite relationship is essential for the identification of novel vaccine and drug targets. Here we aimed to interrogate the transcriptomic profiles of mite-infested human skin biopsies with clinical manifestations of ordinary scabies subjects (\u201cOS\u201d; n = 05) and subjects naive to scabies (\u201ccontrol\u201d; n = 03) using RNASeq data analysis. A combined clustering, network, and pathway mapping approach enabled us to identify key signaling events in the host immune and pro-inflammatory responses to <jats:italic>S. scabiei<\/jats:italic> infestation. The clustering patterns showed various differentially expressed genes including inflammatory responses and innate immunity genes (DEFB4A, IL-19, CXCL8, CSF3, SERPINB4, S100A7A, HRNR) and notably upregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway in scabies-infested samples. Mite-infested human skin biopsies (GSE178563) were compared with an <jats:italic>ex-vivo<\/jats:italic> porcine infested model (E-MTAB-6433) and human skin equivalents (GSE48459). Marked enrichment of immune response pathways (JAK-STAT signaling, IL-4 and IL-13 pathway, and Toll receptor cascade), chemokine ligands and receptors (CCL17, CCL18, CCL3L1, CCL3L3, CCR7), and cytokines (IL-13 and IL-20) were observed. Additionally, genes known for their role in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis were upregulated, e.g., IL-19. The detailed transcriptomic profile has provided an insight into molecular functions, biological processes, and immunological responses and increased our understanding about transcriptomic regulation of scabies in human.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.778840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T23:44:24Z","timestamp":1638402264000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Transcriptome Analysis of Host Inflammatory Responses to the Ectoparasitic Mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Huma","family":"Shehwana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadaf","family":"Ijaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeera","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelley","family":"Walton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zafar 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