{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T13:43:41Z","timestamp":1789393421949,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mechanism of ankylosing spondylitis with femoral head necrosis is unknown, and our study aimed investigate the effects of genetic and immune cell dysregulation on ankylosing spondylitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The protein expression of all ligaments in ankylosing spondylitis with femoral head necrosis was obtained using label-free quantification protein park analysis of six pairs of specimens. The possible pathogenesis was explored using differential protein analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, recording intersections with hypoxia-related genes, immune cell correlation analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis. Finally, routine blood test data from 502 AS and 162 healthy controls were collected to examine immune cell differential analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>SAA1 and TUBA8 were significantly expressed differentially in these two groups and correlated quite strongly with macrophage M0 and resting mast cells (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Routine blood data showed that monocytes were significantly more expressed in AS than in healthy controls (P &amp;lt; 0.05). SAA1 and TUBA8 were closely related to the sensitivity of various drugs, which might lead to altered drug sensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dysregulation of SAA1, TUBA8 and monocytes are key factors in ankylosing spondylitis with femoral head necrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.814278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T06:54:40Z","timestamp":1642488880000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dysregulation of SAA1, TUBA8 and Monocytes Are Key Factors in Ankylosing Spondylitis With Femoral Head 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