{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T07:11:38Z","timestamp":1773904298228,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01ES030125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01ES030125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cre-LoxP system has been widely used to induce recombination of floxed genes of interest. Currently available macrophage promoter-specific Cre recombinase mice strains have various limitations that warrants the testing of additional Cre strains. V-maf <jats:bold><jats:underline>m<\/jats:underline><\/jats:bold>usculo<jats:bold><jats:underline>a<\/jats:underline><\/jats:bold>poneurotic <jats:bold><jats:underline>f<\/jats:underline><\/jats:bold>ibrosarcoma oncogene family, protein <jats:bold><jats:underline>b<\/jats:underline><\/jats:bold> -<jats:italic>Cre<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Mafb-Cre<\/jats:italic>) mice label macrophages in most organs such as spleen, small intestine, lung, bone marrow, and peritoneal cavity. However, whether <jats:italic>Mafb-Cre<\/jats:italic> recombinase targets the gene recombination in alveolar macrophage remains untested. Here, we utilized <jats:italic>Mafb<jats:sup>Cre\/WT<\/jats:sup>R26<jats:sup>mTmG\/WT<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> strain that expresses mTOM protein in all the cells of mouse body except for those that express <jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>-Cre-regulated mEGFP. We performed fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry to analyze mTOM and mEGFP expression in alveolar macrophages from <jats:italic>Mafb<jats:sup>Cre\/WT<\/jats:sup>R26<jats:sup>mTmG\/WT<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> mice. Our analyses revealed that the <jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>-Cre is active in only ~40% of the alveolar macrophages in an age-independent manner. While <jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>- (mTOM+\/mEGFP-) and <jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>+ (mEGFP+) alveolar macrophages exhibit comparable expression of CD11b and CD11c surface markers, the surface expression of MHCII is elevated in the <jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>+ (mEGFP+) macrophages. The bone marrow-derived macrophages from <jats:italic>Mafb<jats:sup>Cre\/WT<\/jats:sup>R26<jats:sup>mTmG\/WT<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> mice are highly amenable to Cre-LoxP recombination <jats:italic>in vitro.<\/jats:italic> The bone marrow depletion and reconstitution experiment revealed that ~98% of alveolar macrophages from <jats:italic>Mafb<jats:sup>Cre\/WT<\/jats:sup>R26<jats:sup>mTmG\/WT<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> \u2192 WT chimera are amenable to the <jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>-Cre-mediated recombination. Finally, the <jats:italic>Th2<\/jats:italic> stimulation and ozone exposure to the <jats:italic>Mafb<jats:sup>Cre\/WT<\/jats:sup>R26<jats:sup>mTmG\/WT<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> mice promote the <jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>-Cre-mediated recombination in alveolar macrophages. In conclusion, while the <jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>-\/<jats:italic>Mafb<\/jats:italic>+ dichotomy thwarts the use of <jats:italic>Mafb-Cre<\/jats:italic> for the induction of floxed alleles in the entire alveolar macrophage population, this strain provides a unique tool to induce gene deletion in alveolar macrophages that encounter <jats:italic>Th2<\/jats:italic> microenvironment in the lung airspaces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1050494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T06:24:33Z","timestamp":1670826273000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case report: Mafb promoter activity may define the alveolar macrophage 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