{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:08:51Z","timestamp":1790352531138,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, the ameliorative effects of <jats:italic>Bacillus toyonensis<\/jats:italic>-SAU-20 (<jats:italic>B. toyo<\/jats:italic> SAU-20), a new probiotic strain isolated and identified by our laboratory from <jats:italic>Ageratina adenophora<\/jats:italic>, on the development of insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) mice was investigated. Thirty Specific-pathogen free Kunming (SPFKM) mice were randomly allocated to three groups: control, high fat diet\/streptozotocin (HFD\/STZ), and HFD\/STZ+<jats:italic>B. toyo<\/jats:italic> SAU-20 groups with oral administration of <jats:italic>B. toyo<\/jats:italic> SAU-20 for 35 days. Biochemistry parameters, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance were measured in the blood whereas histological analysis, inflammatory cytokines and lipogenic genes in the liver tissues. The results showed that, the levels of serum glucose, lipid profile, mRNA expression of lipogenic related genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in T2DM mice. However, after <jats:italic>B. toyo<\/jats:italic> SAU-20 administration, the elevation of these parameters was significantly suppressed (P&amp;lt;0.05). In addition, the feeding of <jats:italic>B. toyo<\/jats:italic> SAU-20 significantly improved the morphological changes of the liver with significant alleviation of dyslipidemia, oxidative stress status and inflammation (P&amp;lt;0.05) indicating the ameliorating effect of <jats:italic>B. toyo<\/jats:italic> SAU-20 in hepatic steatosis in T2DM. Therefore, we concluded that, <jats:italic>B. toyo<\/jats:italic> SAU-20 alleviated insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis by improving the lipid profiles, antioxidant status and downregulating lipogenic genes as well as pro-inflammation cytokines expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.837237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T07:13:23Z","timestamp":1644909203000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Oral Administration of Bacillus toyonensis Strain SAU-20 Improves Insulin Resistance and Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis in Type 2 Diabetic Mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel Kumi","family":"Okyere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengli","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqin","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junliang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanchun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.191028.001","article-title":"Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes - Global Burden of Disease and Forecasted Trends","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.10.007","article-title":"Global Estimates of the Prevalence of Diabetes for 2010 and 2030","volume":"87","author":"Shaw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-10-35","article-title":"Oral Administration of Lactobacillus Reuteri GMNL-263 Improves Insulin Resistance and Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis in High Fructose-Fed Rats","volume":"17","author":"Hsieh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.171","article-title":"The Global NAFLD Epidemic","volume":"10","author":"Loomba","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2015.02.018","article-title":"Metabolic Syndrome and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Is Insulin Resistance the Link","author":"Asrih","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14482","article-title":"Nuciferine Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis in High-Fat Diet\/Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Mice Through a PPAR\u03b1\/PPAR\u03b3 Coactivator-1\u03b1 Pathway","volume":"175","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-1787","article-title":"Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Call to Action","volume":"40","author":"Bril","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.45.661","article-title":"Euptox A Induces G0 \/GI Arrest and Apoptosis of Hepatocyte via ROS, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Caspases-Dependent Pathways In Vivo. J","volume":"45","author":"Okyere","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2021.105032","article-title":"Toxic Mechanisms and Pharmacological Properties of Euptox A, a Toxic Monomer From A. Adenophora","volume":"155","author":"Okyere","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111581","article-title":"An Overview: The Toxicity of Ageratina Adenophora on Animals and Its Possible Interventions","volume":"22","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B11","article-title":"Bacillus Toyonensis SAU-19 and SAU-20 Isolated From Ageratina Adenophora Alleviates the Intestinal Structure and Integrity Damage Associated With Gut Dysbiosis in Mice Fed High Fat Mice","volume-title":"Front Microbiol","author":"Okyere","year":"2021"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2016.10.007","article-title":"A Murine Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Developed Using a Combination of High Fat Diet and Multiple Low Doses of Streptozotocin Treatment Mimics the Metabolic Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Humans","volume":"84","author":"Nath","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201900457","article-title":"Ameliorative Effects of Probiotic Lactobacillus Paracasei NL41 on Insulin Sensitivity, Oxidative Stress, and Beta-Cell Function in a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rat Model","volume":"63","author":"Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231090","article-title":"Anesthesia With Sevoflurane or Isoflurane Induces Severe Hypoglycemia in Neonatal Mice","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","article-title":"Homeostasis Model Assessment: Insulin Resistance and Beta-Cell Function From Fasting Plasma Glucose and Insulin Concentrations in Man","volume":"28","author":"Matthews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2019.153130","article-title":"Triterpenic Acids-Enriched Fraction From Cyclocarya Paliurus Attenuates Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis via PI3K\/Akt\/GSK3\u03b2 Pathway","volume":"66","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2008.06.036","article-title":"Evaluation of Diffuse Liver Steatosis by Ultrasound, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Which Modality Is Best","volume":"33","author":"Qayyum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13090651","article-title":"Ageratina Adenophora Disrupts the Intestinal Structure and Immune Barrier Integrity in Rats","volume":"13","author":"Cui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30075-9","article-title":"Dose-Response, Efficacy, and Safety of Oral Semaglutide Monotherapy in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (PIONEER 9): A 52-Week, Phase 2\/3a, Randomised, Controlled Trial","volume":"8","author":"Yamada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.3805","article-title":"Metformin in 2019","volume":"321","author":"Flory","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2020.1800286","article-title":"Oral Semaglutide in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease, Renal Impairment, or Other Comorbidities, and in Older Patients","volume":"132","author":"Mosenzon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.02.009","article-title":"Thiazolidinediones as Antidiabetic Agents: A Critical Review","volume":"77","author":"Nanjan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-1121","article-title":"The Role of GLP-1 in the Postprandial Effects of Acarbose in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"184","author":"Dalsgaard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2020.1717719","article-title":"Considering Gut Microbiota in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"11","author":"Adeshirlarijaney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4512","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124512","article-title":"Bacillus Toyonensis SAU-19 Ameliorates Hepatic Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet\/Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Mice","volume":"13","author":"Okyere","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-020-00603-6","article-title":"Probiotics Supplementation and Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Review","volume":"12","author":"Salles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.03.027","article-title":"Effect of CAPE-pNO2 Against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via the AMPK\/GLUT4\/ GSK3\u03b2\/PPAR\u03b1 Pathway in HFD\/STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice","volume":"853","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v12.i9.1479","article-title":"Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Diabetes: When to Refer to the Hepatologist","volume":"12","author":"Khandelwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3920196","article-title":"The Intricate Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Insulin Resistance (IR), and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)","volume":"2020","author":"Tanase","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-020-10121-2","article-title":"How Does Hepatic Lipid Accumulation Lead to Lipotoxicity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"15","author":"Geng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022010000100019","article-title":"Effects of STZ-Induced Diabetes on the Relative Weights of Kidney, Liver and Pancreas in Albino Rats: A Comparative Study","volume":"28","author":"Zafar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Morphol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27512","article-title":"Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inhibition of Myoblast Differentiation in Mice With High-Fat-Diet-Induced Pre-Diabetes","volume":"234","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05265-7","article-title":"Effect of Dulaglutide on Liver Fat in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and NAFLD: Randomised Controlled Trial (D-LIFT Trial)","volume":"63","author":"Kuchay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-019-01458-8","article-title":"The Association of Plasma Levels of Liver Enzymes and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies","volume":"57","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-001028","article-title":"Lactobacillus Salivarius AP-32 and Lactobacillus Reuteri GL-104 Decrease Glycemic Levels and Attenuate Diabetes-Mediated Liver and Kidney Injury in Db\/Db Mice","volume":"8","author":"Hsieh","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02213-2","article-title":"Effects of Probiotics on Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"18","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.01.011","article-title":"Insulin Analogs: Glimpse on Contemporary Facts and Future Prospective","volume":"219","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2011.11.043","article-title":"Administration of Insulin to Newly Hatched Chicks Improves Growth Performance via Impairment of MyoD Gene Expression and Enhancement of Cell Proliferation in Chicken Myoblasts","volume":"175","author":"Sato","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010159","article-title":"Regulation of Postabsorptive and Postprandial Glucose Metabolism by Insulin-Dependent and Insulin-Independent Mechanisms: An Integrative Approach","volume":"13","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201903102","article-title":"Insulin Activates Intracellular Transport of Lipid Droplets to Release Triglycerides From the Liver","volume":"218","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2017.02.015","article-title":"Effects of Insulin on Wound Healing: A Review of Animal and Human Evidences","volume":"174","author":"Oryan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3283514e13","article-title":"What Causes the Insulin Resistance Underlying Obesity","volume":"19","author":"Hardy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c170012","article-title":"Triglyceride Metabolism in the Liver","volume":"8","author":"Alves-Bezerra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8609213","article-title":"Molecular Mechanisms Linking Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"2020","author":"Yaribeygi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.01.151","article-title":"Stimulation of KLF14\/PLK1 Pathway by Thrombin Signaling Potentiates Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"99","author":"Hao","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed Pharmacother"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00173","article-title":"Circadian Clock and Sirtuins in Diabetic Lung: A Mechanistic Perspective","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2020.08.049","article-title":"Isolation of Probiotics and Their Effects on\u00a0Growth, Antioxidant and Non-Specific Immunity of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus Japonicus","volume":"106","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-3873-z","article-title":"Multiple Benefits of Targeting Inflammation in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"59","author":"Donath","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.11.061","article-title":"Inflammatory Markers and Control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"13","author":"Elimam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.108256","article-title":"Probiotic Culture Supernatant Improves Metabolic Function Through FGF21-Adiponectin Pathway in Mice","volume":"75","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3109\/10409231003667500","article-title":"Genetic Control of De Novo Lipogenesis: Role in Diet-Induced Obesity","volume":"45","author":"Strable","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.034","article-title":"Discovery of a Regulatory Subunit of the Yeast Fatty Acid Synthase","volume":"180","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174078","article-title":"Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibition Ameliorates Diabetes Induced Liver Injury in Rodent Experimental Model","volume":"901","author":"Bedi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.08160910","article-title":"Lipotoxicity in Diabetic Nephropathy: The Potential Role of Fatty Acid Oxidation","volume":"5","author":"Murea","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800079-JLR200","article-title":"Fatty Acid Metabolism: Target for Metabolic Syndrome","author":"Wakil","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00569-6","article-title":"PPAR Control of Metabolism and Cardiovascular Functions","volume":"18","author":"Montaigne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12506","article-title":"Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor \u03b1 Ligands and Modulators From Dietary Compounds: Types, Screening Methods and Functions","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Diabetes"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5558731","article-title":"Activation of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR-\u03b1\/\u03b3) and the Fatty Acid Metabolizing Enzyme Protein CPT1A by Camel Milk Treatment Counteracts the High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"2021","author":"AlNafea","year":"2021","journal-title":"PPAR Res"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24142545","article-title":"PPARs as Nuclear Receptors for Nutrient and Energy Metabolism","volume":"24","author":"Hong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.03.008","article-title":"Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Alpha (PPARalpha): At the Crossroads of Obesity, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"205","author":"Fruchart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.837237\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T07:13:27Z","timestamp":1644909207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.837237\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2022.837237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.837237","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]},"article-number":"837237"}}