{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:56:59Z","timestamp":1753891019611,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Here we reported two anti-Mi-2 autoantibody-positive dermatomyositis (DM) patients with a characteristic antinuclear antibody (ANA) immunofluorescence pattern. Autoantibodes were screened by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on HEp-2 cells (Euroimmun, L\u00fcbeck, Germany) and confirmed by line immunoblot (ANA Profile 3\u2014Euroimmun, Germany). These two patients were positive for ANA (speckled, titer 1:320), followed by confirmation of positive anti-Mi-2\u03b1 and anti-Mi-2\u03b2 positive and negative for all other antibodies. We found a characteristic ANA pattern of the anti-Mi-2 antibody that differed from the AC-4 pattern, especially in the morphology of mitotic cells (metaphase, anaphase, and telophase). Thus, we would like to suggest reporting this characteristic antinuclear antibody pattern as a new AC type, as AC-X.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.857030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T04:40:17Z","timestamp":1647492017000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["AC-X: Characteristic Antinuclear Antibody Patterns of Two Anti-Mi-2 Autoantibody-Positive Dermatomyositis Patients\u2014A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ziyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Honglin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shulan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214436","article-title":"Clinical Relevance of Hep-2 Indirect Immunofluorescent Patterns: The International Consensus on Ana Patterns (Icap) Perspective","volume":"78","author":"Damoiseaux","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03172.x","article-title":"Antinuclear Antibodies Giving the \u2018Multiple Nuclear Dots\u2019 or the \u2018Rim-Like\/Membranous\u2019 Patterns: Diagnostic Accuracy for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis","volume":"24","author":"Granito","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1586\/erm.11.82","article-title":"Antinuclear Antibodies as Ancillary Markers in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis","volume":"12","author":"Granito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Diagn"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780381006","article-title":"The Major Dermatomyositis-Specific Mi-2 Autoantigen Is a Presumed Helicase Involved in Transcriptional Activation","volume":"38","author":"Seelig","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380119","article-title":"Analysis of the Mi-2 Autoantigen of Dermatomyositis","volume":"38","author":"Nilasena","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930400022681","article-title":"Anti-Mi-2 Antibodies","volume":"38","author":"Ghirardello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.03.004","article-title":"The Clinical Phenotype Associated With Myositis-Specific and Associated Autoantibodies: A Meta-Analysis Revisiting the So-Called Antisynthetase Syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Lega","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.16249","article-title":"Case of Anti-Mi-2 Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis With Predictable Onset Before the Development of Muscle Symptoms","volume":"49","author":"Kaneda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa055","article-title":"Detection of Anti-Mi-2 Autoantibodies Before Dermatomyositis-Specific Manifestations","volume":"59","author":"Vulsteke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez092","article-title":"Autoantibodies to Mi-2 Alpha and Mi-2 Beta in Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy","volume":"58","author":"Richards","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.857030\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T04:40:20Z","timestamp":1647492020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.857030\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"references-count":10,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2022.857030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.857030","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1664-3224"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"article-number":"857030"}}