{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:43:44Z","timestamp":1782924224150,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has becoming globally public health threat. Recently studies were focus on SARS-CoV-2 RNA to design vaccine and drugs. It was demonstrated that virus RNA could play as sponge to host noncoding RNAs to regulate cellular processes. Bioinformatic research predicted a series of motif on SARS-CoV-2 genome where are targets of human miRNAs. In this study, we used dual-luciferase reporter assays to validate the interaction between 3\u2019UTR of SARS-CoV-2 S (S-3\u2019UTR) gene and bioinformatic predicted targeting miRNAs. The growth of 293T cells and HUVECs with overexpressed S-3\u2019UTR was determined, while miRNAs and IL6, TNF-\u03b1 levels were checked in this condition. Then, miR-296 and miR-602 mimic were introduced into 293T cells and HUVECs with overexpressed S-3\u2019UTR, respectively, to reveal the underlying regulation mechanism. In results, we screened 19 miRNAs targeting the S-3\u2019UTR, including miR-296 and miR-602. In 293T cell, S-3\u2019UTR could inhibit 293T cell growth through down-regulation of miR-296. By reducing miR-602, S-3\u2019UTR could induce HUVECs cell proliferation, alter the cell cycle, reduce apoptosis, and enhanced IL6 and TNF-\u03b1level. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 RNA could play as sponge of host miRNA to disturb cell growth and cytokine signaling. It suggests an important clue for designing COVID-19 drug and vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.924667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T11:10:21Z","timestamp":1664277021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["3\u2019UTR of SARS-CoV-2 spike gene hijack host miR-296 or miR-520h to disturb cell proliferation and cytokine 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