{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:15:01Z","timestamp":1785802501908,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Risk stratification for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after kidney transplantation (KT) remains to be determined. Since endosomal toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in viral sensing, we investigated the impact of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within <jats:italic>TLR3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> genes on the occurrence of overall and high-level (\u22651,000 IU\/ml) CMV infection in a cohort of 197 KT recipients. Homozygous carriers of the minor allele of <jats:italic>TLR3<\/jats:italic> (rs3775291) had higher infection-free survival compared with reference allele carriers (60.0% for TT versus 42.3% for CC\/CT genotypes; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.050). Decreased infection-free survival was observed with the minor allele of <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> (rs352139) (38.2% for TC\/CC versus 59.3% for TT genotypes; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.004). After multivariable adjustment, the recessive protective effect of the <jats:italic>TLR3<\/jats:italic> (rs3775291) TT genotype was confirmed (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.327; 95% CI: 0.167\u20130.642; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.001), as was the dominant risk-conferring effect of <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> (rs352139) TC\/CC genotypes (aHR: 1.865; 95% CI: 1.170\u20132.972; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.009). Carriers of the <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> (rs352139) TC\/CC genotypes showed lower CMV-specific interferon-\u03b3-producing CD4+ T-cell counts measured by intracellular cytokine staining compared with the TT genotype (median of 0.2 versus 0.7 cells\/\u03bcl; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.003). In conclusion, <jats:italic>TLR3\/TLR9<\/jats:italic> genotyping may inform CMV infection risk after KT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.929995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T06:19:06Z","timestamp":1659075546000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Influence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLR3 (rs3775291) and TLR9 (rs352139) on the risk of CMV infection in kidney transplant 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