{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T02:48:10Z","timestamp":1772246890104,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011700","name":"National Medicinal Plants Board, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is accompanied by acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary pathology, and is presented mostly with an inflammatory cytokine release, a dysregulated immune response, a skewed neutrophil\/lymphocyte ratio, and a hypercoagulable state. Though vaccinations have proved effective in reducing the COVID-19-related mortality, the limitation of the use of vaccine against immunocompromised individuals, those with comorbidity, and emerging variants remains a concern. In the current study, we investigate for the first time the efficacy of the\n                    <jats:italic>Glycyrrhiza glabra<\/jats:italic>\n                    (GG) extract, a potent immunomodulator, against SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters. Prophylactic treatment with GG showed protection against loss in body weight and a 35%\u201340% decrease in lung viral load along with reduced lung pathology in the hamster model. Remarkably, GG reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    , GG acted as a potent immunomodulator by reducing Th2 and Th17 differentiation and IL-4 and IL-17A cytokine production. In addition, GG also showed robust potential to suppress ROS, mtROS, and NET generation in a concentration-dependent manner in both human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and murine bone marrow-derived neutrophils (BMDNs). Taken together, we provide evidence for the protective efficacy of GG against COVID-19 and its putative mechanistic insight through its immunomodulatory properties. Our study provides the proof of concept for GG efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 using a hamster model and opens the path for further studies aimed at identifying the active ingredients of GG and its efficacy in COVID-19 clinical cases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.945583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:44:55Z","timestamp":1664239495000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Prophylactic treatment of Glycyrrhiza glabra mitigates COVID-19 pathology through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hamster model and NETosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zaigham Abbas","family":"Rizvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prabhakar","family":"Babele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srikanth","family":"Sadhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Upasna","family":"Madan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manas Ranjan","family":"Tripathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shailendra","family":"Mani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachin","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Awasthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madhu","family":"Dikshit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30235-8","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2: Virus dynamics and host response","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China","volume":"382","author":"Guan","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb8925","article-title":"Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19","volume":"368","author":"Moore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-0148-4","article-title":"Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: A descriptive and predictive study","volume":"5","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sig Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0413-9","article-title":"COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease: From basic mechanisms to clinical perspectives","volume":"17","author":"Nishiga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(20)30132-1","article-title":"Implications of gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00373-7","article-title":"COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal and liver injury: Clinical features and potential mechanisms","volume":"5","author":"Zhong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Targeted Ther"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.1127","article-title":"Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in wuhan, China","volume":"77","author":"Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02374-0","article-title":"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts critical illness patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in the early stage","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Trans Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19630","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76781-0","article-title":"The emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19)","volume":"10","author":"Arcanjo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B11","unstructured":"NETosis and neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19: Immunothrombosis and beyond\n            ZhuY\n            ChenX\n            LiuX\n          2022"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20201129","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2\u2013triggered neutrophil extracellular traps mediate COVID-19 pathologySARS-CoV-2 directly triggers ACE-dependent NETs","volume":"217","author":"Veras","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B13","unstructured":"The emerging role of NETs in venous thrombosis and immunothrombosis\n            KimballAS\n            ObiAT\n            DiazJA\n            HenkePK\n          2016"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00352-y","article-title":"A systematic review of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates","volume":"5","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Targeted Ther"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2005.02.007","article-title":"Identification of natural compounds with antiviral activities against SARS-associated coronavirus","volume":"67","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2007764","article-title":"Remdesivir for the treatment of covid-19 \u2014 final report","volume":"383","author":"Beigel","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2014441117","article-title":"Favipiravir at high doses has potent antiviral activity in SARS-CoV-2\u2013infected hamsters, whereas hydroxychloroquine lacks activity","volume":"117","author":"Kaptein","year":"2020","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2021579118","article-title":"Identification of existing pharmaceuticals and herbal medicines as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"118","author":"Jan","year":"2021","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.656103","article-title":"Edible and herbal plants for the prevention and management of COVID-19","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.589998","article-title":"In search of herbal anti-SARS-Cov2 compounds","volume":"11","author":"Matveeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2020.05.004","article-title":"Dietary therapy and herbal medicine for COVID-19 prevention: A review and perspective","volume":"10","author":"Panyod","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Tradit Complement Med"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joim.2020.02.005","article-title":"In silico screening of Chinese herbal medicines with the potential to directly inhibit 2019 novel coronavirus","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Integr Med"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.73522","article-title":"Golden Syrian hamster as a model to study cardiovascular complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"11","author":"Rizvi","year":"2022","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa325","article-title":"Simulation of the clinical and pathological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a golden Syrian hamster model: Implications for disease pathogenesis and transmissibility","volume":"71","author":"Chan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2342-5","article-title":"Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters","volume":"583","author":"Sia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2009.04.001","article-title":"Effects of glycyrrhiza glabra polysaccharides on immune and antioxidant activities in high-fat mice","volume":"45","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-2030-7","article-title":"The immunomodulatory activities of licorice polysaccharides (Glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch.) in CT 26 tumor-bearing mice","volume":"17","author":"Ayeka","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2021436","article-title":"Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with covid-19","volume":"384","year":"2021","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NJ02031E","article-title":"Proposing high-affinity inhibitors from glycyrrhiza glabra l. against SARS-CoV-2 infection: Virtual screening and computational analysis","volume":"45","author":"Maddah","year":"2021","journal-title":"New J Chem"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2020.1779132","article-title":"Identification of bioactive compounds from glycyrrhiza glabra as possible inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and non-structural protein-15: A pharmacoinformatics study","volume":"39","author":"Sinha","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Biomol Struct Dyn"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01239","article-title":"Symptomatic protective action of glycyrrhizin (Licorice) in COVID-19 infection","volume":"11","author":"Murck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04706-3","article-title":"Effects of licorice on clinical symptoms and laboratory signs in moderately ill patients with pneumonia from COVID-19: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Safa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa248","article-title":"Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in wuhan, China","volume":"71","author":"Qin","year":"","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B34","unstructured":"Overview: Systemic inflammatory response derived from lung injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection explains severe outcomes in COVID-19\n            PolidoroRB\n            HaganRS\n            de Santis SantiagoR\n            SchmidtNW\n          2020"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0311-8","article-title":"The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention","volume":"20","author":"Tay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-020-0530-3","article-title":"COVID-19 infection: The perspectives on immune responses","volume":"27","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"B37","unstructured":"Effect of prophylactic use of intranasal oil formulations in the hamster model of COVID-19\n            RizviZA\n            TripathyMR\n            SharmaN\n            GoswamiS\n            SrikanthN\n            SastryJLN\n          2021"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.01.008","article-title":"COVID-19 immune signatures reveal stable antiviral T cell function despite declining humoral responses","volume":"54","author":"Bonifacius","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20201012","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps infiltrate the lung airway, interstitial, and vascular compartments in severe COVID-19","volume":"217","author":"Radermecker","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B40","unstructured":"NET balancing: A problem in inflammatory lung diseases\n            ChengO\n            PalaniyarN\n          2013"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaim.2020.06.001","article-title":"Ayurvedic treatment of COVID-19\/SARS-CoV-2: A case report","author":"Girija","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ayurveda Integr Med"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phyplu.2021.100043","article-title":"The potential of glycyrrhizin and licorice extract in combating COVID-19 and associated conditions","volume":"1","author":"Gomaa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomed Plus"},{"key":"B43","unstructured":"GamaleldinMMA\n          Impact of different treatment modalities on immunity against COVID-192020"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2010.02.060","article-title":"Free radical-scavenging, antioxidant and immunostimulating effects of a licorice infusion (Glycyrrhiza glabra l.)","volume":"122","author":"Cheel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2012.11.013","article-title":"The effect of glycyrrhizin on maturation and T cell stimulating activity of dendritic cells","volume":"280","author":"Bordbar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0402-6","article-title":"T Cell responses in patients with COVID-19","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201007","article-title":"The TLR7\/8 agonist CL097 primes N-Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine\u2013stimulated NADPH oxidase activation in human neutrophils: Critical role of p47phox phosphorylation and the proline isomerase Pin1","volume":"189","author":"Makni-Maalej","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.02.015","article-title":"Selective and direct activation of human neutrophils but not eosinophils by toll-like receptor 8","volume":"123","author":"Janke","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-04-1078","article-title":"Toll-like receptors stimulate human neutrophil function","volume":"102","author":"Hayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.7.4754","article-title":"TLR9 activation induces normal neutrophil responses in a child with IRAK-4 deficiency: Involvement of the direct PI3K pathway","volume":"179","author":"Hoarau","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.6.3633","article-title":"Inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis by TLR agonists in whole blood: Involvement of the phosphoinositide 3-Kinase\/Akt and NF-\u03baB signaling pathways, leading to increased levels of mcl-1, A1, and phosphorylated bad","volume":"174","author":"Fran\u00e7ois","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.8.3977","article-title":"Expression and function of toll-like receptors in eosinophils: Activation by toll-like receptor 7 ligand","volume":"171","author":"Nagase","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.01.004","article-title":"Oxidized LDL induced extracellular trap formation in human neutrophils via TLR-PKC-IRAK-MAPK and NADPH-oxidase activation","volume":"93","author":"Awasthi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-1375-7","article-title":"Eugenia Aurata and Eugenia punicifolia HBK inhibit inflammatory response by reducing neutrophil adhesion, degranulation and NET release","volume":"16","author":"Costa","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4908328","article-title":"Polypharmacological profiles underlying the antitumor property of salvia miltiorrhiza root (Danshen) interfering with NOX-dependent neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"2018","author":"Tao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"B56","unstructured":"Metabolic insight of neutrophils in health and disease\n            KumarS\n            DikshitM\n          2019"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0711387","article-title":"Myeloperoxidase associated with neutrophil extracellular traps is active and mediates bacterial killing in the presence of hydrogen peroxide","volume":"91","author":"Parker","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1414055112","article-title":"SK3 channel and mitochondrial ROS mediate NADPH oxidase-independent NETosis induced by calcium influx","volume":"112","author":"Douda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297920100065","article-title":"NETosis: Molecular mechanisms, role in physiology and pathology","volume":"85","author":"Vorobjeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem Moscow"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2010.540242","article-title":"EPR detection of cellular and mitochondrial superoxide using cyclic hydroxylamines","volume":"45","author":"Dikalov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radical Res"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2020-000387","article-title":"Targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress with MitoQ reduces NET formation and kidney disease in lupus-prone MRL-lpr mice","volume":"7","author":"Fortner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6061","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7061","article-title":"Chromatin remodelling and autocrine TNF\u03b1 are required for optimal interleukin-6 expression in activated human neutrophils","volume":"6","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.62","article-title":"The IRAK-ERK-p67phox-Nox-2 axis mediates TLR4, 2-induced ROS production for IL-1\u03b2 transcription and processing in monocytes","volume":"13","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.040","article-title":"The inflammasomes","volume":"140","author":"Schroder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1831","article-title":"Thioredoxin-interacting protein links oxidative stress to inflammasome activation","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3893","article-title":"Inflammasomes: Mechanism of action, role in disease, and therapeutics","volume":"21","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B67","unstructured":"NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in neutrophils is supported by PAD4 and promotes NETosis under sterile conditions\n            M\u00fcnzerP\n            NegroR\n            FukuiS\n            di MeglioL\n            AymonnierK\n            ChuL\n          2021"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2019.1566605","article-title":"L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin supported nitric oxide production is crucial for the microbicidal activity of neutrophils","volume":"53","author":"Nagarkoti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radical Res"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.07.002","article-title":"Immunomodulatory activities of the ethanolic extract of caesalpinia bonducella seeds","volume":"125","author":"Shukla","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15476911003792278","article-title":"Immunostimolatory activities of vigna mungo l. extract in male sprague\u2013dawley rats","volume":"7","author":"Solanki","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunotoxicol"},{"key":"B71","unstructured":"PRL2 controls phagocyte bactericidal activity by sensing and regulating ROS\n            YinC\n            WuC\n            DuX\n            FangY\n            PuJ\n            WuJ\n          2018"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4970","article-title":"Interaction of inducible nitric oxide synthase with Rac2 regulates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation in the human neutrophil phagosomes: Implication in microbial killing","volume":"20","author":"Jyoti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signaling"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210116","article-title":"Evidence of CD1d pathway of lipid antigen presentation in mouse primary lung epithelial cells and its up-regulation upon mycobacterium bovis BCG infection","volume":"13","author":"Rizvi","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abg5016","article-title":"High-salt diet mediates interplay between NK cells and gut microbiota to induce potent tumor immunity","volume":"7","author":"Rizvi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3182","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23042-x","article-title":"EGFR-HIF1\u03b1 signaling positively regulates the differentiation of IL-9 producing T helper cells","volume":"12","author":"Roy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00674-6","article-title":"Transcription factor Foxo1 is essential for IL-9 induction in T helper cells","volume":"8","author":"Malik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2017.11.014","article-title":"S-glutathionylation of p47phox sustains superoxide generation in activated neutrophils","volume":"1865","author":"Nagarkoti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2016.06.002","article-title":"High oxidative stress adversely affects NF\u03baB mediated induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase in human neutrophils: Implications in chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"58","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.945583\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:45:02Z","timestamp":1664239502000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.945583\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"references-count":78,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2022.945583"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.945583","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2022.05.16.492112","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"article-number":"945583"}}