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Moreover, effective intervention strategies are lacking. In this study, we showed that polarization of microglia, the resident macrophage in the central nervous system, appeared to play a critical role in the pathological progression of cerebral atherosclerosis. Microglia likely underwent an M2c-like polarization in an environment long exposed to high glucose. Experimental suppression of microglia M2c polarization was achieved through transduction of microglia with an adeno-associated virus (serotype AAV-PHP.B) carrying siRNA for interleukin-10 (IL-10) under the control of a microglia-specific TMEM119 promoter, which significantly attenuated diabetes-associated cerebral atherosclerosis in a mouse model. Thus, our study suggests a novel translational strategy to prevent diabetes-associated cerebral atherosclerosis through <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> control of microglia polarization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.948457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T10:44:01Z","timestamp":1658486641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Fine-tuning of microglia polarization prevents diabetes-associated cerebral 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