{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:01:35Z","timestamp":1753891295332,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>We report here a patient with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and psoriasis treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy who experienced tumor partial response and psoriatic exacerbation. Meanwhile, the patient contracted <jats:italic>mycobacterium neoaurum<\/jats:italic> during the treatment period, while it was an opportunistic infection and mainly happened in immunosuppressed patients. We discussed the possibility that this infection was an ICI-associated infection independent of immunosuppression due to dysregulated immunity, which was the result of the effects of immunotherapy and autoimmune disease (AID), and the characteristics and treatment of <jats:italic>M. neoaurum<\/jats:italic>, which was rarely reported in China. This case highlights the fact that some infections can be precipitated by ICIs in the absence of immunosuppressive treatment, especially the patients with AID.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.972302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T04:42:40Z","timestamp":1661143360000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Case report: Mycobacterium neoaurum infection during ICI therapy in a hepatocellular carcinoma patient with 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