{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T11:17:34Z","timestamp":1792581454756,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the optical coherence tomography (OCT)\/OCT angiography (OCTA) measures in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-one MOG, 21 NMOSD, and 22 controls were enrolled in our study. The retinal structure [retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell\u2013inner plexiform layer (GCIPL)] was imaged and assessed with the OCT; OCTA was used to image the macula microvasculature [superficial vascular plexus (SVP), intermediate capillary plexus (ICP), and deep capillary plexus (DCP)]. Clinical information such as disease duration, visual acuity, and frequency of optic neuritis and disability was recorded for all patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with NMOSD patients, MOGAD patients showed significantly reduced SVP density (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.023). No significant difference (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.05) was seen in the microvasculature and structure when NMOSD-ON was compared with MOG-ON. In NMOSD patients, EDSS, disease duration, reduced visual acuity, and frequency of ON significantly correlated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) with SVP and ICP densities; in MOGAD patients, SVP correlated with EDSS, duration, reduced visual acuity, and frequency of ON (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), while DCP density correlated with disease duration, visual acuity, and frequency of ON.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Distinct structural and microvascular changes were identified in MOGAD patients compared with NMOSD patients suggesting that the pathological mechanisms are different in NMOSD and MOGAD. Retinal imaging <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> the SS-OCT\/OCTA might have the potential to be used as a clinical tool to evaluate the clinical features associated with NMOSD and MOGAD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1029124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T08:35:06Z","timestamp":1675067706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Retinal structural and microvascular changes in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: An OCT\/OCTA study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yanlin","family":"Lang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William 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