{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:38:55Z","timestamp":1785332335911,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":218,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) are rare subtypes of non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma that are typically associated with poor treatment outcomes. Contemporary first-line treatment strategies generally involve the use of combination chemoimmunotherapy, radiation and\/or stem cell transplant. Salvage options incorporate a number of novel agents including epigenetic therapies (e.g. HDAC inhibitors, DNMT inhibitors) as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, validated biomarkers to select patients for individualized precision therapy are presently lacking, resulting in high treatment failure rates, unnecessary exposure to drug toxicities, and missed treatment opportunities. Recent advances in research on the tumor and microenvironmental factors of PTCL and NKTCL, including alterations in specific molecular features and immune signatures, have improved our understanding of these diseases, though several issues continue to impede progress in clinical translation. In this Review, we summarize the progress and development of the current predictive biomarker landscape, highlight potential knowledge gaps, and discuss the implications on novel therapeutics development in PTCL and NKTCL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1068662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T10:03:27Z","timestamp":1674727407000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Emerging predictive biomarkers for novel therapeutics in peripheral T-cell and natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Daniel Ren Yi","family":"Yap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing Quan","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dachuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Choon Kiat","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason Yongsheng","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24076","article-title":"The aggressive peripheral T-cell lymphomas: 2015","volume":"90","author":"Armitage","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-01-643569","article-title":"The 2016 revision of the world health organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms","volume":"127","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-01-293050","article-title":"The 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms and beyond: evolving concepts and practical applications","volume":"117","author":"Campo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.54.8800","article-title":"Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: The lugano classification","volume":"32","author":"Cheson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2008.07.010","article-title":"Peripheral T-cell non-hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma","volume":"22","author":"Vose","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-05-231548","article-title":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"117","author":"Foss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623924","DOI":"10.5402\/2011\/623924","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of front-line anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens for peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"2011","author":"AbouYabis","year":"2011","journal-title":"ISRN Hematol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.29.9024","article-title":"Pralatrexate in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma: Results from the pivotal PROPEL study","volume":"29","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2017.186577","article-title":"The outcome of peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients failing first-line therapy: a report from the prospective, international T-cell project","volume":"103","author":"Bellei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1159\/000500666","article-title":"Outcomes for relapsed and refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients after front-line therapy from the COMPLETE registry","volume":"143","author":"Lansigan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.4558","article-title":"International peripheral T-cell and natural Killer\/T-cell lymphoma study: Pathology findings and clinical outcomes","volume":"26","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2008.055335","article-title":"Peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: the stuff of genes, dreams and therapies","volume":"61","author":"Agostinelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.6327","article-title":"Marker expression in peripheral T-cell lymphoma: A proposed clinical-pathologic prognostic score","volume":"24","author":"Went","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-09-310342","article-title":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: a report of 340 cases from the international peripheral T-cell lymphoma project","volume":"117","author":"Weisenburger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-04-017632","article-title":"Prognostic significance of Epstein-Barr virus in nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified: a groupe d\u2019Etude des lymphomes de l\u2019Adulte (GELA) study","volume":"108","author":"Dupuis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-02-270785","article-title":"Treatment and prognosis of mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphoma: an analysis of patients with T-cell lymphoma treated in studies of the German high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma study group","volume":"116","author":"Schmitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2019.1697815","article-title":"Prognostic value of interim 18F-FDG PET\/CT in T-cell lymphomas","volume":"61","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2021.02.001","article-title":"Prognosis and risk stratification of peripheral T-cell lymphomas","volume":"58","author":"Malecek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD012643","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012643.pub2","article-title":"Interim PET-results for prognosis in adults with Hodgkin lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic factor studies","volume":"2020","author":"Aldin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020010263","article-title":"Validation of POD24 as a robust early clinical end point of poor survival in FL from 5225 patients on 13 clinical trials","volume":"139","author":"Casulo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2152-2650(20)30851-X","article-title":"TCL-233: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: Report on 282 cases from the prospective international T-cell lymphoma project","volume":"20","author":"Skrypets","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291402","article-title":"A predictive model for aggressive non-hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma","volume":"329","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-04-573089","article-title":"Real-world data on prognostic factors and treatment in peripheral T-cell lymphomas: a study from the Swedish lymphoma registry","volume":"124","author":"Ellin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdh392","article-title":"Characterization of peripheral T-cell lymphomas in a single north American institution by the WHO classification","volume":"15","author":"Savage","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-020-00889-z","article-title":"Biomarker-driven management strategies for peripheral T cell lymphoma","volume":"13","author":"Mulvey","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-09-3080","article-title":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (PTCL-u): a new prognostic model from a retrospective multicentric clinical study","volume":"103","author":"Gallamini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15258","article-title":"Peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). a new prognostic model developed by the international T cell project network","volume":"181","author":"Federico","year":"2018","journal-title":". Br J Haematol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq359","article-title":"Comparison of four prognostic scores in peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"22","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Garc\u00eda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2021.100126","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of peripheral T-cell and natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma in Asian patients: A multinational, multicenter, prospective registry study in Asia","volume":"10","author":"Yoon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health - West Pac."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.37.3647","article-title":"Clinicopathologic characteristics of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: Analysis of the international peripheral T-cell lymphoma project","volume":"31","author":"Federico","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020010387","article-title":"Outcomes and prognostic factors in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: final report from the international T-cell project","volume":"138","author":"Advani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.1384","article-title":"Extranodal natural killer T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type: A prognostic model from a retrospective multicenter study","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00533-1","article-title":"A prognostic index for natural killer cell lymphoma after non-anthracycline-based treatment: a multicentre, retrospective analysis","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14961","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51522-0","article-title":"A clinicohaematological prognostic model for nasal-type natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma: A multicenter study","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-021-01598-4","article-title":"The exact deauville score, NABS score and high SUVmax predicts outcome in extranodal natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02707","article-title":"Gene expression signatures for the accurate diagnosis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma entities in the routine clinical practice","volume":"40","author":"Amador","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26270","article-title":"Aggressive T-cell lymphomas: 2021 updates on diagnosis, risk stratification and management","volume":"96","author":"Zain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-11-536359","article-title":"Gene expression signatures delineate biological and prognostic subgroups in peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"123","author":"Iqbal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-09-872549","article-title":"Genetic drivers of oncogenic pathways in molecular subgroups of peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"133","author":"Heavican","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-99716-2_4","article-title":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS)","volume":"176","author":"Oluwasanjo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Res"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-22-1215","article-title":"Notch signaling promotes mature T-cell lymphomagenesis","volume":"82","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3705","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24037-4","article-title":"Fusion transcripts FYN-TRAF3IP2 and KHDRBS1-LCK hijack T cell receptor signaling in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified","volume":"12","author":"Debackere","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021015019","article-title":"DNMT3A mutations define a unique biological and prognostic subgroup associated with cytotoxic T-cells in PTCL-NOS","volume":"140","author":"Herek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-0990-y","article-title":"Advances in understanding of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","volume":"34","author":"Chiba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-10-055145","article-title":"The gene expression profile of nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma demonstrates a molecular link between angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and follicular helper T (TFH) cells","volume":"109","author":"de Leval","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-10-531509","article-title":"A targeted mutational landscape of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","volume":"123","author":"Odejide","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2916","article-title":"A recurrent inactivating mutation in RHOA GTPase in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma","volume":"46","author":"Yoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2872","article-title":"Somatic RHOA mutation in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma","volume":"46","author":"Sakata-Yanagimoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2873","article-title":"Recurrent mutations in epigenetic regulators, RHOA and FYN kinase in peripheral T cell lymphomas","volume":"46","author":"Palomero","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-09-692541","article-title":"Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: the many-faced lymphoma","volume":"129","author":"Lunning","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021005171","article-title":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma: molecular profiling recognizes subclasses and identifies prognostic markers","volume":"5","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-227579","article-title":"Molecular signatures to improve diagnosis in peripheral T-cell lymphoma and prognostication in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","volume":"115","author":"Iqbal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-99716-2_6","article-title":"Anaplastic Large cell lymphoma: Contemporary concepts and optimal management","volume":"176","author":"Shustov","year":"2019","journal-title":"T-Cell NK-Cell Lymphomas"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2019.12.002","article-title":"Pathology and genetics of anaplastic large cell lymphoma","volume":"37","author":"Leventaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.63.5540","article-title":"Racial patterns of peripheral T-cell lymphoma incidence and survival in the united states","volume":"34","author":"Adams","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqab012","article-title":"How I diagnose anaplastic Large cell lymphoma","volume":"155","author":"Amador","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000936","article-title":"ALK-negative anaplastic Large cell lymphoma (ALCL): Prognostic implications of molecular subtyping and JAK-STAT pathway","volume":"29","author":"Parkhi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-04-571091","article-title":"ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a genetically heterogeneous disease with widely disparate clinical outcomes","volume":"124","author":"Parrilla Castellar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-12-755496","article-title":"DUSP22 and TP63 rearrangements predict outcome of ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a Danish cohort study","volume":"130","author":"Pedersen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15860","article-title":"Identification of high-risk DUSP22-rearranged ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma","volume":"186","author":"Hapgood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.3.708","article-title":"Characterization of novel natural killer (NK)\u2013cell and \u03b3\u03b4 T-cell lines established from primary lesions of nasal T\/NK-cell lymphomas associated with the Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"97","author":"Nagata","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4997","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-01-453233","article-title":"How I treat NK\/T-cell lymphomas","volume":"121","author":"Tse","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0716-7","article-title":"Molecular pathogenic pathways in extranodal NK\/T cell lymphoma","volume":"12","author":"de Mel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-021-01313-2","article-title":"NK-\/T-cell lymphomas","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3358","article-title":"Exome sequencing identifies somatic mutations of DDX3X in natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"47","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2020.02.005","article-title":"Genomic and transcriptomic characterization of natural killer T cell lymphoma","volume":"37","author":"Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.3390\/life11080838","article-title":"Towards next generation biomarkers in natural Killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"11","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10342","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89754-8","article-title":"EGR1 as a potential marker of prognosis in extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2012.12.001","article-title":"Enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma in celiac disease: A large retrospective study","volume":"45","author":"Malamut","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2018.09.010","article-title":"Refractory celiac disease","volume":"48","author":"Malamut","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2022.281226","article-title":"Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma comprises morphologic and genomic heterogeneity impacting outcome","volume":"108","author":"Veloza","year":"2022","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001782","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing reveals potent therapeutic strategy for monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma","volume":"4","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-019-03791-y","article-title":"Multicenter retrospective analysis of the clinicopathologic features of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma","volume":"98","author":"Yi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-16-0330","article-title":"The genetic basis of hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma","volume":"7","author":"McKinney","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Discovery"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019004118","article-title":"Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma: a rare but challenging entity","volume":"136","author":"Pro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15572-7","article-title":"Cellular origins and genetic landscape of cutaneous gamma delta T cell lymphomas","volume":"11","author":"Daniels","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2014.34","article-title":"The role of front-line anthracycline-containing chemotherapy regimens in peripheral T-cell lymphomas","volume":"4","author":"Briski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32984-2","article-title":"Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma (ECHELON-2): a global, double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial","volume":"393","author":"Horwitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000353778","article-title":"Autologous stem cell transplantation as the first-line treatment for peripheral T cell lymphoma: Results of a comprehensive meta-analysis","volume":"131","author":"Yin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31861","article-title":"The role of autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas in first complete remission: Report from COMPLETE, a prospective, multicenter cohort study","volume":"125","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.35.6287","article-title":"Phase II study of SMILE chemotherapy for newly diagnosed stage IV, relapsed, or refractory extranodal natural killer (NK)\/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: The NK-cell tumor study group study","volume":"29","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-05-431460","article-title":"SMILE for natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma: analysis of safety and efficacy from the Asia lymphoma study group","volume":"120","author":"Kwong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8647","article-title":"Efficacy of combined gemcitabine, oxaliplatin and pegaspargase (P-gemox regimen) in patients with newly diagnosed advanced-stage or relapsed\/refractory extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2022.1968","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a pegasparaginase-based chemotherapy regimen vs an l-asparaginase\u2013based chemotherapy regimen for newly diagnosed advanced extranodal natural Killer\/T-cell lymphoma: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-09-307454","article-title":"Efficacy of l-asparaginase with methotrexate and dexamethasone (AspaMetDex regimen) in patients with refractory or relapsing extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma, a phase 2 study","volume":"117","author":"Jaccard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-018-2406-6","article-title":"Novel findings from the Asian lymphoma study group: focus on T and NK-cell lymphomas","volume":"107","author":"Chan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.43.7285","article-title":"Results from a prospective, open-label, phase II trial of bendamustine in refractory or relapsed T-cell lymphomas: The BENTLY trial","volume":"31","author":"Damaj","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.10767","article-title":"Expression of CD52 in peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"92","author":"Piccaluga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2009.07606.x","article-title":"Variable CD52 expression in mature T cell and NK cell malignancies: Implications for alemtuzumab therapy","volume":"145","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-1275","article-title":"Heterogeneous CD52 expression among hematologic neoplasms: Implications for the use of alemtuzumab (CAMPATH-1H)","volume":"12","author":"Rodig","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190902926981","article-title":"CD52 expression in peripheral T-cell lymphomas determined by combined immunophenotyping using tumor cell specific T-cell receptor antibodies","volume":"50","author":"Geissinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190601016167","article-title":"CD52 expression in non-mycotic T- and NK\/T-cell lymphomas","volume":"48","author":"Chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-02-074641","article-title":"Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) and CHOP chemotherapy as first-line treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma: results of a GITIL (Gruppo italiano terapie innovative nei linfomi) prospective multicenter trial","volume":"110","author":"Gallamini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-99-110429","article-title":"Final analysis of the front-line phase III randomized ACT-1 trial in younger patients with systemic peripheral T-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP chemotherapy with or without alemtuzumab and consolidated by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant","volume":"132","author":"d\u2019Amore","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-0838-5","article-title":"Alemtuzumab plus CHOP versus CHOP in elderly patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma: the DSHNHL2006-1B\/ACT-2 trial","volume":"35","author":"Wulf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000001000","article-title":"Immunophenotype expression change from CD52+ to CD52\u2013 on erythrodermic peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified after treatment with alemtuzumab","volume":"40","author":"Dhandha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-019-03853-1","article-title":"Immunohistochemical CD20-negative change in b-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas after rituximab-containing therapy","volume":"99","author":"Maeshima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt.14.94","article-title":"Mogamulizumab and the treatment of CCR4-positive T-cell lymphomas","volume":"6","author":"Remer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0","article-title":"Inflammation and cancer: back to virchow","volume":"357","author":"Balkwill","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-0371","article-title":"CXC chemokine receptor 3 and CC chemokine receptor 4 expression in T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas with special reference to clinicopathological significance for peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified","volume":"10","author":"Ishida","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.0924","article-title":"Multicenter phase II study of mogamulizumab (KW-0761), a defucosylated anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 antibody, in patients with relapsed peripheral T-cell lymphoma and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","volume":"32","author":"Ogura","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0000000000000168","article-title":"Targeting CD30 using brentuximab vedotin in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"22","author":"Alperovich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer J Sudbury Mass."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathog.2016.02.002","article-title":"Biology of peripheral T cell lymphomas \u2013 not otherwise specified: Is something finally happening","volume":"3","author":"Maura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pathogenesis"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-07-584953","article-title":"Immunohistochemistry as a valuable tool to assess CD30 expression in peripheral T-cell lymphomas: high correlation with mRNA levels","volume":"124","author":"Bossard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.084913","article-title":"CD30 expression in peripheral T-cell lymphomas","volume":"98","author":"Sabattini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.12.002","article-title":"The ECHELON-2 trial: 5-year results of a randomized, phase III study of brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma\u2606","volume":"33","author":"Horwitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B107","article-title":"IL-2 receptor expression in human lymphoid lesions. immunohistochemical study of 166 cases","volume":"126","author":"Strauchen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2007.02195.x","article-title":"Usefulness of flow cytometry for differential diagnosis of precursor and peripheral T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas: Analysis of 490 cases","volume":"58","author":"Karube","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2012.742521","article-title":"A multicenter phase II trial to determine the safety and efficacy of combination therapy with denileukin diftitox and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone in untreated peripheral T-cell lymphoma: the CONCEPT study","volume":"54","author":"Foss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2006.06457.x","article-title":"Phase II trial of denileukin diftitox for relapsed\/refractory T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"136","author":"Dang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.14906","article-title":"Phase II study of E7777 in Japanese patients with relapsed\/refractory peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","volume":"112","author":"Kawai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(21)00103-4","article-title":"Camidanlumab tesirine in relapsed\/refractory lymphoma: A phase 1, multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation, dose-expansion study","volume":"8","author":"Hamadani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-3266-5_3","article-title":"Roles of PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway: Signaling, cancer, and beyond","volume":"1248","author":"Ai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Regul Cancer Immune Checkp"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-01-829424","article-title":"Oncogenic activation of the STAT3 pathway drives PD-L1 expression in natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"132","author":"Song","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2018.05.008","article-title":"Expression of PD-1 on peripheral blood treg cells is related to the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"70","author":"Zuo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01360","article-title":"Expression of PD-L1 on monocytes is a novel predictor of prognosis in natural Killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1907059","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2021.1907059","article-title":"VISTA and PD-L1 synergistically predict poor prognosis in patients with extranodal natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"10","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2019.03.022","article-title":"Phase II study of the PD1-inhibitor pembrolizumab for the treatment of relapsed or refractory mature T-cell lymphoma","volume":"19","author":"Barta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01033-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of geptanolimab (GB226) for relapsed or refractory peripheral T cell lymphoma: an open-label phase 2 study (Gxplore-002)","volume":"14","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2022-004984","article-title":"Nivolumab in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma: modest activity and cases of hyperprogression","volume":"10","author":"Bennani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-12-756841","article-title":"PD1 blockade with pembrolizumab is highly effective in relapsed or refractory NK\/T-cell lymphoma failing l-asparaginase","volume":"129","author":"Kwong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-018-0559-7","article-title":"Activity of pembrolizumab in relapsed\/refractory NK\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020007247","article-title":"Avelumab for the treatment of relapsed or refractory extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma: an open-label phase 2 study","volume":"136","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00768-0","article-title":"Sintilimab for relapsed\/refractory extranodal NK\/T cell lymphoma: a multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 trial (ORIENT-4)","volume":"6","author":"Tao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.2097","article-title":"Circulating PD-1 (+) cells may participate in immune evasion in peripheral T-cell lymphoma and chidamide enhance antitumor activity of PD-1 (+) cells","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.682436","article-title":"A novel mechanism of action of histone deacetylase inhibitor chidamide: Enhancing the chemotaxis function of circulating PD-1(+) cells from patients with PTCL","volume":"11","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35069118","article-title":"Crystal structure of the B7-1\/CTLA-4 complex that inhibits human immune responses","volume":"410","author":"Stamper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.869488","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors in peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2015.139253","article-title":"Frequent CTLA4-CD28 gene fusion in diverse types of T-cell lymphoma","volume":"101","author":"Yoo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867324666170801102124","article-title":"Histone deacetylase inhibitors in tumor immunotherapy","volume":"26","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.37.4223","article-title":"Results from a pivotal, open-label, phase II study of romidepsin in relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma after prior systemic therapy","volume":"30","author":"Coiffier","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.59.2782","article-title":"Belinostat in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma: Results of the pivotal phase II BELIEF (CLN-19) study","volume":"33","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv237","article-title":"Results from a multicenter, open-label, pivotal phase II study of chidamide in relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"26","author":"Shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020009004","article-title":"Combined oral 5-azacytidine and romidepsin are highly effective in patients with PTCL: a multicenter phase 2 study","volume":"137","author":"Falchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01815","article-title":"Romidepsin plus CHOP versus CHOP in patients with previously untreated peripheral T-cell lymphoma: Results of the ro-CHOP phase III study (Conducted by LYSA)","volume":"40","author":"Bachy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00385","article-title":"DNMT inhibitors increase methylation in the cancer genome","volume":"10","author":"Giri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-04-840538","article-title":"Treatment with 5-azacytidine induces a sustained response in patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","volume":"132","author":"Lemonnier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HS9.0000000000000187","article-title":"Rapid and durable complete remission of refractory AITL with azacitidine treatment in absence of TET2 mutation or concurrent MDS","volume":"3","author":"Gregory","year":"2019","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2022.07.009","article-title":"Real-world efficacy of 5-azacytidine as salvage chemotherapy for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","author":"Yoon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"B140","volume-title":"Oral azacytidine in patients with Relapsed\/Refractory angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: Final analysis of the oracle phase III study","author":"Lemonnier","year":"2022"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29103","article-title":"Final report of a phase 2 clinical trial of lenalidomide monotherapy for patients with T-cell lymphoma","volume":"121","author":"Toumishey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.04.029","article-title":"A phase 2, multicentre, single-arm, open-label study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of single-agent lenalidomide (Revlimid\u00ae) in subjects with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: The EXPECT trial","volume":"49","author":"Morschhauser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-014-2009-0","article-title":"Lenalidomide in combination with vorinostat and dexamethasone for the treatment of relapsed\/refractory peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL): report of a phase I\/II trial","volume":"93","author":"Hopfinger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-99-114110","article-title":"Phase I\/II study of CHOEP plus lenalidomide as initial therapy for patients with stage II-IV peripheral T-cell lymphoma: Phase II results","volume":"132","author":"Lunning","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-99-110354","article-title":"Lenalidomide in combination with CHOP in patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL): Final analysis of clinical and molecular data of a phase 2 lysa study","volume":"132","author":"Lemonnier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.291","article-title":"MicroRNA187 overexpression is related to tumor progression and determines sensitivity to bortezomib in peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"28","author":"Yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.11.4207","article-title":"Phase II trial of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in patients with relapsed or refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma","volume":"25","author":"Zinzani","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.7.1160","article-title":"Pralatrexate in combination with bortezomib for relapsed or refractory peripheral T cell lymphoma in 5 elderly patients","volume":"31","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(15)00097-6","article-title":"Panobinostat in combination with bortezomib in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma: an open-label, multicentre phase 2 trial","volume":"2","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.06.003","article-title":"Bortezomib in combination with CHOP as first-line treatment for patients with stage III\/IV peripheral T-cell lymphomas: A multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial","volume":"48","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24895","article-title":"A single center phase II study of ixazomib in patients with relapsed or refractory cutaneous or peripheral T-cell lymphomas","volume":"92","author":"Boonstra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-019-0734-7","article-title":"Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed\/refractory systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma. a retrospective analysis of the lymphoma working party (LWP) of the EBMT","volume":"55","author":"Domingo-Dom\u00e8nech","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21589","article-title":"The rapidly changing landscape in mature T-cell lymphoma (MTCL) biology and management","volume":"70","author":"Marchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-020-00902-1","article-title":"Therapy of peripheral T cell lymphoma: Focus on nodal subtypes","volume":"22","author":"Allen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.40.2719","article-title":"Up-front autologous stem-cell transplantation in peripheral T-cell lymphoma: NLG-T-01","volume":"30","author":"d\u2019Amore","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e219807","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.9807","article-title":"Comparison of allogeneic stem cell transplant and autologous stem cell transplant in refractory or relapsed peripheral T-cell lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Du","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-020-00892-4","article-title":"Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for peripheral T cell lymphomas: a retrospective study in 285 patients from the soci\u00e9t\u00e9 francophone de greffe de moelle et de th\u00e9rapie cellulaire (SFGM-TC)","volume":"13","author":"Mamez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7839","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23147839","article-title":"The multi-dimensional biomarker landscape in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-14-0983","article-title":"PD-L1 expression as a predictive biomarker in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4466","article-title":"High-dimensional single-cell analysis predicts response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy","volume":"24","author":"Krieg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021013379","article-title":"A phase 2 biomarker-driven study of ruxolitinib demonstrates effectiveness of JAK\/STAT targeting in T-cell lymphomas","volume":"138","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0000000000000773","article-title":"Epigenetic focus on angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"33","author":"Tari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6061","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26093-2","article-title":"TET2 mutations are associated with hypermethylation at key regulatory enhancers in normal and malignant hematopoiesis","volume":"12","author":"Tulstrup","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17177","article-title":"Prognostic role of TET2 deficiency in myelodysplastic syndromes: A meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2017.273","article-title":"Activation of RHOA\u2013VAV1 signaling in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","volume":"32","author":"Fujisawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-2787","article-title":"Dasatinib is an effective treatment for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","volume":"80","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2019-128513","article-title":"Proof of concept for tipifarnib in relapsed or refractory angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and CXCL12+ peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL): Preliminary results from an open-label, phase 2 study","volume":"134","author":"Witzig","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-020-02790-z","article-title":"Clinicopathological features of programmed cell death-1 and programmed cell death-ligand-1 expression in the tumor cells and tumor microenvironment of angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma and peripheral T cell lymphoma not otherwise specified","volume":"477","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-05-780049","article-title":"Five-year results of brentuximab vedotin in patients with relapsed or refractory systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma","volume":"130","author":"Pro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.73.4830","article-title":"Targeting ALK with crizotinib in pediatric anaplastic Large cell lymphoma and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: A children\u2019s oncology group study","volume":"35","author":"Moss\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1013224","article-title":"Crizotinib in anaplastic Large-cell lymphoma","volume":"364","author":"Gambacorti-Passerini","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"djt378","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djt378","article-title":"Crizotinib in advanced, chemoresistant anaplastic lymphoma kinase\u2013positive lymphoma patients","volume":"106","author":"Gambacorti Passerini","year":"2014","journal-title":"JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25967","article-title":"Phase two study of crizotinib in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma relapsed\/refractory to chemotherapy","volume":"95","author":"Bossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2021.100172","article-title":"Precision therapy with anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor ceritinib in ALK-rearranged anaplastic large cell lymphoma","volume":"6","author":"Subbiah","year":"2021","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.14671","article-title":"Alectinib for relapsed or refractory anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: An open-label phase II trial","volume":"111","author":"Fukano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2021.1881511","article-title":"PD-L1 expression in peripheral T-cell lymphomas is not related to either PD-L1 gene amplification or rearrangements","volume":"62","author":"Manso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2021.07.011","article-title":"Clinicopathological features and prognostic significance of programmed death ligand 1 in pediatric ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: results of the ALCL99 treatment in Japan","volume":"116","author":"Iwafuchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26636","article-title":"A genomic-augmented multivariate prognostic model for the survival of natural-killer\/T-cell lymphoma patients from an international cohort","volume":"97","author":"Lim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-016-0341-7","article-title":"PD-L1 is upregulated by EBV-driven LMP1 through NF-\u03baB pathway and correlates with poor prognosis in natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Bi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161462","article-title":"What does PD-L1 positive or negative mean","volume":"213","author":"Ribas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0392-8","article-title":"Immune subtyping of extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma: a new biomarker and an immune shift during disease progression","volume":"33","author":"Cho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-1000-0","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing identifies responders to pembrolizumab in relapse\/refractory natural-killer\/T cell lymphoma","volume":"34","author":"Lim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00331-3","article-title":"Combination of anti-PD-1 antibody with p-GEMOX as a potentially effective immunochemotherapy for advanced natural killer\/T cell lymphoma","volume":"5","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-015-2359-2","article-title":"CD38 expression predicts poor prognosis and might be a potential therapy target in extranodal NK\/T cell lymphoma, nasal type","volume":"94","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-020-01020-y","article-title":"Daratumumab monotherapy for patients with relapsed or refractory natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 study","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1605684","article-title":"Targeting CD38 in refractory extranodal natural killer cell\u2013T-Cell lymphoma","volume":"375","author":"Hari","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002123","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-002123","article-title":"Determinants of response to daratumumab in Epstein-Barr virus-positive natural killer and T-cell lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Mustafa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020010637","article-title":"A composite single-nucleotide polymorphism prediction signature for extranodal natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"138","author":"Tian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2019.7112","article-title":"JAK3\/STAT3 oncogenic pathway and PRDM1 expression stratify clinicopathologic features of extranodal NK\/T\u2212cell lymphoma, nasal type","volume":"41","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01623-z","article-title":"Genomic profiling identifies distinct genetic subtypes in extra-nodal natural killer\/T-cell lymphoma","volume":"36","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/newbio246140a0","article-title":"Human lymphoid cell transformation by Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"246","author":"Pope","year":"1973","journal-title":"Nat New Biol"},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2004.06.009","article-title":"Infectious agents and cancer: criteria for a causal relation","volume":"14","author":"Pagano","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2011.02.007","article-title":"Pathobiology of Epstein-Barr virus-driven peripheral T-cell lymphomas","volume":"28","author":"Piccaluga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14122899","article-title":"Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is mostly latent and clonal in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL)","volume":"14","author":"Bahri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13040610","article-title":"Comprehensive Epstein-Barr virus transcriptome by RNA-sequencing in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) and other lymphomas","volume":"13","author":"Bayda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000547","article-title":"Expression and processing of a small nucleolar RNA from the Epstein-Barr virus genome","volume":"5","author":"Hutzinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"PloS Pathog"},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2018.08.001","article-title":"Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-derived BARF1 encodes CD4- and CD8-restricted epitopes as targets for T-cell immunotherapy","volume":"21","author":"Kalra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2002392117","article-title":"Tenofovir prodrugs potently inhibit Epstein\u2013Barr virus lytic DNA replication by targeting the viral DNA polymerase","volume":"117","author":"Drosu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01602-10","article-title":"Interplay between PKC\u03b4 and Sp1 on histone deacetylase inhibitor-mediated Epstein-Barr virus reactivation","volume":"85","author":"Tsai","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.51.5304","article-title":"Sustained complete responses in patients with lymphoma receiving autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes targeting Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane proteins","volume":"32","author":"Bollard","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2015.91","article-title":"Long-term outcome of extranodal NK\/T cell lymphoma patients treated with postremission therapy using EBV LMP1 and LMP2a-specific CTLs","volume":"23","author":"Cho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2021.280003","article-title":"Immune pathway upregulation and lower genomic instability distinguish EBV-positive nodal T\/NK-cell lymphoma from ENKTL and PTCL-NOS","volume":"107","author":"Wai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322935","article-title":"Oncogenetic landscape of lymphomagenesis in coeliac disease","volume":"71","author":"Cording","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-8722-4-50","article-title":"The four types of tregs in malignant lymphomas","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.54","article-title":"The role of myeloid cells in cancer therapies","volume":"16","author":"Engblom","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer."},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0760-3","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages in tumor metastasis: biological roles and clinical therapeutic applications","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021013901","article-title":"Targeting macrophages for enhancing CD47 blockade\u2013elicited lymphoma clearance and overcoming tumor-induced immunosuppression","volume":"139","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00490-y","article-title":"Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the era of increasing myeloid cell diversity","volume":"21","author":"Veglia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9030561","article-title":"Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as a therapeutic target for cancer","volume":"9","author":"Law","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2021.104286","article-title":"Regulation of ROS in myeloid-derived suppressor cells through targeting fatty acid transport protein 2 enhanced anti-PD-L1 tumor immunotherapy","volume":"362","author":"Adeshakin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.11.155","article-title":"Blockade of myeloid-derived suppressor cell function by valproic acid enhanced anti-PD-L1 tumor immunotherapy","volume":"522","author":"Adeshakin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.781660","article-title":"Regulating histone deacetylase signaling pathways of myeloid-derived suppressor cells enhanced T cell-based immunotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Adeshakin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253436","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2253436","article-title":"Targeting inhibition of accumulation and function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by artemisinin via PI3K\/AKT, mTOR, and MAPK pathways enhances anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in melanoma and liver tumors","volume":"2022","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20182005","article-title":"TIPE2 specifies the functional polarization of myeloid-derived suppressor cells during tumorigenesis","volume":"217","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2013.107","article-title":"DDX3 loss by p53 inactivation promotes tumor malignancy via the MDM2\/Slug\/E-cadherin pathway and poor patient outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"33","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11504","article-title":"Yescarta: A new era for non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients","volume":"12","author":"AlDallal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI94306","article-title":"Clinical and immunological responses after CD30-specific chimeric antigen receptor\u2013redirected lymphocytes","volume":"127","author":"Ramos","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-7230-7_22","article-title":"Vaccine development for Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"1045","author":"Cohen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Herpesviruses"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1068662\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T10:03:33Z","timestamp":1674727413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1068662\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"references-count":218,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1068662"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1068662","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"article-number":"1068662"}}