{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:35:22Z","timestamp":1793831722945,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gut microbiota can significantly affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients. Recently, antibiotics were shown to decrease survival rate of patients treated by ICIs. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can indeed modulate microbiota\u2019s diversity, therefore altering ICIs response. A meta-analysis was performed based on published data to verify this hypothesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, over 41 publications, exploring the impact of concomitant PPI treatment on outcomes of ICI-treated patients, were analyzed. Evaluated endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported in ICIs in PPI users versus non-PPI users. Subgroup analyses were performed to minimize the impact of study heterogeneity and to investigate the influence of PPI on the different groups of interest. There was no evidence of publication bias for OS and PFS analysis in subgroup analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-one studies were included in the meta-analysis, including a total of 20,042 patients. OS of patients receiving ICIs was negatively correlated in patients concomitantly treated with PPI (HR=1.37; 95%CI, 1.23\u20131.52). PFS of cancer patients receiving ICIs was also negatively correlated with PPI treatment (HR=1.28; 95%CI, 1.15\u20131.42). PPI and ICI use was associated with worst OS and PFS not only for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or urothelial cancer patients but also for patients treated with anti PD-1 (OS) and anti PD-L1 (OS and PFS) immunotherapies when administered in non-first line and when PPI was received as baseline treatment or in 60 days before ICI initiation. PPI and ICI use also showed the worst OS and PFS for patients from Europe and Asia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta-analysis suggests that PPI treatment leads to significantly worse outcomes in advanced cancer patients treated by ICIs in terms of PFS and OS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1070076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T01:14:35Z","timestamp":1674695675000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Do proton pump inhibitors alter the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients? A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucile","family":"Pabst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Dory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Klotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9n\u00e9dicte","family":"Gourieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Mascaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39406.449456.BE","article-title":"Overprescribing proton pump inhibitors","volume":"336","author":"Forgacs","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-019-02810-1","article-title":"Use of proton pump inhibitors in adults in France: a nationwide drug utilization study","volume":"76","author":"Lassalle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"Surprescription des inhibiteurs de la pompe \u00e0 protons [Proton pump inhibitors overprescription]","volume":"13","author":"Esteves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Med Suisse"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13023","article-title":"Side effects of long-term proton pump inhibitor use: A review","volume":"123","author":"Haastrup","year":"2018","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.03136","article-title":"Updated analysis from KEYNOTE-189: pembrolizumab or placebo plus pemetrexed and platinum for previously untreated metastatic nonsquamous non-Small-Cell lung cancer","volume":"38","author":"Gadgeel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt291","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma patients surviving more than 2 years following treatment in a phase III trial (MDX010-20)","volume":"24","author":"McDermott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30616-2","article-title":"First-line pembrolizumab in cisplatin-ineligible patients with locally advanced and unresectable or metastatic urothelial cancer (KEYNOTE-052): a multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 study","volume":"18","author":"Balar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.79.0006","article-title":"Impact of baseline steroids on efficacy of programmed cell death-1 and programmed death-ligand 1 blockade in patients with non-Small-Cell lung cancer","volume":"36","author":"Arbour","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/esmoopen-2018-000457","article-title":"Modulation of peripheral blood immune cells by early use of steroids and its association with clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"4","author":"Fuc\u00e0","year":"2019","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.01.006","article-title":"Efficacy of chemotherapy and atezolizumab in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer receiving antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors: pooled post hoc analyses of the OAK and POPLAR trials","volume":"31","author":"Chalabi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy453","article-title":"Impact of antibiotic use on survival in patients with advanced cancers treated on immune checkpoint inhibitor phase I clinical trials","volume":"29","author":"Sen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-6267-z","article-title":"The effect of antibiotics on the clinical outcomes of patients with solid cancers undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment: a retrospective study","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2019.01.017","article-title":"Antibiotics are associated with attenuated efficacy of anti-PD-1\/PD-L1 therapies in Chinese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"130","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac4255","article-title":"Commensal bifidobacterium promotes antitumor immunity and facilitates anti-PD-L1 efficacy","volume":"350","author":"Sivan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.011","article-title":"Role of the microbiota in immunity and inflammation","volume":"157","author":"Belkaid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B16","volume-title":"The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) for assessing the quality if nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses","author":"Wells","year":"2009"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.e21040","article-title":"What impact do the proton pump inhibitors have on the efficacy of immune check point inhibitors in metastatic malignant melanoma","volume":"37","author":"Afzal","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.2652","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics impact on toxicities and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy","volume":"39","author":"Araujo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33892","article-title":"Survival outcomes of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer concomitantly receiving proton pump inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"150","author":"Baek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.09.033","article-title":"Effect of concomitant medications with immune-modulatory properties on the outcomes of patients with advanced cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: development and validation of a novel prognostic index","volume":"142","author":"Buti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"B21","first-page":"A65","article-title":"4CPS-301 association of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors on clinical activity of firstline pembrolizumab for non-small cell lung cancer: 2 years of real world data","volume":"28","author":"Castro Balado","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Hosp Pharm"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009X.2020.1849488","article-title":"Prognostic factors and effect on survival of immune-related adverse events in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint blockage","volume":"33","author":"Conde-Est\u00e9vez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-001361","article-title":"Integrated analysis of concomitant medications and oncological outcomes from PD-1\/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in clinical practice","volume":"8","author":"Cortellini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-002421","article-title":"Differential influence of antibiotic therapy and other medications on oncological outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with first-line pembrolizumab versus cytotoxic chemotherapy","volume":"9","author":"Cortellini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0000000000000299","article-title":"Effects of commonly used chronic medications on the outcomes of ipilimumab therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"26","author":"Failing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2022.02.020","article-title":"Effectiveness of pembrolizumab in patients with urothelial carcinoma receiving proton pump inhibitors","volume":"40","author":"Fukuokaya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17588359211000591","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359211000591","article-title":"Associations between dysbiosis-inducing drugs, overall survival and tumor response in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"13","author":"Gaucher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.716317","article-title":"Impact of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors on efficacy and tolerance of anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"12","author":"Giordan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2019.9899","article-title":"Impact of prior antibiotic use on the efficacy of nivolumab for non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"17","author":"Hakozaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14092300","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitor use and efficacy of nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced melanoma","volume":"14","author":"Homicsko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-1876","article-title":"Concomitant proton pump inhibitor use and survival in urothelial carcinoma treated with atezolizumab","volume":"26","author":"Hopkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-021-01606-4","article-title":"Efficacy of first-line atezolizumab combination therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving proton pump inhibitors: post hoc analysis of IMpower150","volume":"126","author":"Hopkins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B33","first-page":"37","article-title":"Immunotherapy efficacy and concomitant proton pump inhibitor use in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"16","author":"Hossain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2633","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.2633","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitor use (PPI) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for advanced cancer: Survival and prior therapy","volume":"39","author":"Husain","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-019-02282-w","article-title":"Impact of antibiotic use and other concomitant medications on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced cancer","volume":"22","author":"Iglesias-Santamar\u00eda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Transl Oncol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17588359211010937","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359211010937","article-title":"Antacid exposure and immunotherapy outcomes among patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Jun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2021.08.036","article-title":"Baseline co-medications may alter the anti-tumoural effect of checkpoint inhibitors as well as the risk of immune-related adverse events","volume":"157","author":"Kostine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.e20520","article-title":"Impact of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors on clinical outcomes of immune check point blockers in advanced non-small cell lung cancers and metastatic renal cell cancer","volume":"37","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b21-00939","article-title":"Effects of proton pump inhibitors on survival outcomes in patients with metastatic or unresectable urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab","volume":"45","author":"Kunimitsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14001","article-title":"Impact of concomitant medication on clinical outcomes in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective study","volume":"12","author":"Miura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-021-00861-y","article-title":"Concomitant proton pump inhibitors and outcome of patients treated with nivolumab alone or plus ipilimumab for advanced renal cell carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Mollica","year":"2022","journal-title":"Target Oncol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"vi115","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz338.107","article-title":"The effect of proton pump inhibitors on the efficacy of nivolumab monotherapy in different types of cancer","volume":"30","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bco2.118","article-title":"Prognostic impact of proton pump inhibitors for immunotherapy in advanced urothelial carcinoma","volume":"3","author":"Okuyama","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJUI Compass"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10600280211033938","article-title":"Impact of proton pump inhibitor use on the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced cancer patients","volume":"56","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-020-02315-9","article-title":"Impact of intestinal dysbiosis-related drugs on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in clinical practice","volume":"22","author":"P\u00e9rez-Ruiz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Transl Oncol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2022.07.003","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of concomitant proton pump inhibitor and nivolumab in renal cell carcinoma: Results of the GETUG-AFU 26 NIVOREN multicenter phase II study","volume":"20","author":"Rassy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan3706","article-title":"Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors","volume":"359","author":"Routy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2021.100090","article-title":"Rethinking prognostic factors in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma in the immune checkpoint blockade era: a multicenter retrospective study","volume":"6","author":"Ruiz-Ba\u00f1obre","year":"2021","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-06882-6","article-title":"Inferring the role of the microbiome on survival in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: causal modeling, timing, and classes of concomitant medications","volume":"20","author":"Spakowicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa137","article-title":"Acute kidney injury in patients treated with anti-programmed death receptor-1 for advanced melanoma: a real-life study in a single-centre cohort","volume":"36","author":"Stein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.e18729","article-title":"Association of proton pump inhibitors with survival in veterans with non-small cell lung cancer receiving immunotherapy","volume":"39","author":"Stokes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.14182","article-title":"Impact of concomitant medication administered at the time of initiation of nivolumab therapy on outcome in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"40","author":"Svaton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263247","article-title":"The clinical impact of concomitant medication use on the outcome of postoperative recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"17","author":"Takada","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2081010","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2022.2081010","article-title":"Clostridium butyricum therapy restores the decreased efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in lung cancer patients receiving proton pump inhibitors","volume":"11","author":"Tomita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.15638","article-title":"Impact of the use of proton pump inhibitors on pembrolizumab effectiveness for advanced urothelial carcinoma","volume":"42","author":"Tomisaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bulcan.2018.04.011","article-title":"Immune checkpoints inhibitors: Recent data from ASCO\u2019s meeting and perspecives","volume":"150","author":"Kfoury","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull du Cancer"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0000000000000442","article-title":"Effect of antacid use on immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced solid cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17588359221111703","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359221111703","article-title":"Association of proton pump inhibitor use with survival outcomes in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-7498","article-title":"The effect of proton pump inhibitor uses on outcomes for cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106972","article-title":"The association between proton pump inhibitors use and clinical outcome of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy","volume":"88","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0574-4","article-title":"Exploring the emerging role of the microbiome in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"7","author":"Fessler","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao3290","article-title":"The commensal microbiome is associated with anti-PD-1 efficacy in metastatic melanoma patients","volume":"359","author":"Matson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01655-5","article-title":"Intestinal akkermansia muciniphila predicts clinical response to PD-1 blockade in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"28","author":"Derosa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med 1 f\u00e9vr"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx108","article-title":"Baseline gut microbiota predicts clinical response and colitis in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab","volume":"28","author":"Chaput","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2017.08.004","article-title":"Metagenomic shotgun sequencing and unbiased metabolomic profiling identify specific human gut microbiota and metabolites associated with immune checkpoint therapy efficacy in melanoma patients","volume":"19","author":"Frankel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan4236","article-title":"Gut microbiome modulates response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients","volume":"359","author":"Gopalakrishnan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad1329","article-title":"Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota","volume":"350","author":"V\u00e9tizou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1240537","article-title":"The intestinal microbiota modulates the anticancer immune effects of cyclophosphamide","volume":"342","author":"Viaud","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI32205","article-title":"Microbial translocation augments the function of adoptively transferred self\/tumor-specific CD8+ T cells via TLR4 signaling","volume":"117","author":"Paulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.08.009","article-title":"Commensal DNA limits regulatory T cell conversion and is a natural adjuvant of intestinal immune responses","volume":"29","author":"Hall","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.42","article-title":"Gut microbiota, metabolites and host immunity","volume":"16","author":"Rooks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2015.06.004","article-title":"Lactate and short chain fatty acids produced by microbial fermentation downregulate proinflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells and myeloid cells","volume":"220","author":"Iraporda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20150242","article-title":"Slc5a8, a na+-coupled high-affinity transporter for short-chain fatty acids, is a conditional tumour suppressor in colon that protects against colitis and colon cancer under low-fibre dietary conditions","volume":"469","author":"Gurav","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401702","article-title":"Histone deacetylase inhibitors upregulate b cell microRNAs that silence AID and blimp-1 expression for epigenetic modulation of antibody and autoantibody responses","volume":"193","author":"White","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12726","article-title":"Metabolites produced by commensal bacteria promote peripheral regulatory T-cell generation","volume":"504","author":"Arpaia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i22.2706","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors and dysbiosis: Current knowledge and aspects to be clarified","volume":"25","author":"Bruno","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310376","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors affect the gut microbiome","volume":"65","author":"Imhann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14177-z","article-title":"Impact of commonly used drugs on the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota","volume":"11","author":"Vich Vila","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-605","article-title":"The effect of omeprazole on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL\/6J and SJL\/J mice","volume":"7","author":"Sands","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2020.10.006","article-title":"Obesity, akkermansia muciniphila, and proton pump inhibitors: Is there a link","volume":"14","author":"Davis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310861","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors alter the composition of the gut microbiota","volume":"65","author":"Jackson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30078-0","article-title":"Association of body mass index and outcomes in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or chemotherapy: a retrospective, multicohort analysis","volume":"19","author":"McQuade","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2022-005226","article-title":"Visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation in the obesity paradox in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0527-y","article-title":"A multicenter study of body mass index in cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1\/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors: when overweight become favorable","volume":"7","author":"Cortellini","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.5241","article-title":"Association between body mass index and overall survival with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"6","author":"Kichenadasse","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161248","article-title":"Methodology for developing deprescribing guidelines: Using evidence and GRADE to guide recommendations for deprescribing","volume":"11","author":"Farrell","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2020.11.014","article-title":"\u00c9valuation de l\u2019implantation d\u2019un processus de d\u00e9-prescription des inhibiteurs de la pompe \u00e0 protons (IPP) \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un algorithme au sein d\u2019un service de m\u00e9decine interne [Evaluation of the implantation of a de-prescribing process for proton pump inhibitor (PPI) using an algorithm within an internal medicine department]","volume":"42","author":"Valette","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1070076\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T01:14:42Z","timestamp":1674695682000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1070076\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1070076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1070076","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]]},"article-number":"1070076"}}