{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T02:36:50Z","timestamp":1790649410488,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of graft versus host disease (GVHD) represents a long-standing complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Different approaches have been used to control the development of GVHD with most relying on variations of chemotherapy drugs to eliminate allo-reactive T cells. While these approaches have proven effective, it is generally accepted that safer, and less toxic GVHD prophylaxis drugs are required to reduce the health burden placed on allo-HCT recipients. In this review, we will summarize the emerging concepts revolving around three biologic-based therapies for GVHD using T regulatory cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived-suppressor-cells (MDSCs) and mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) exosomes. This review will highlight how each specific modality is unique in its mechanism of action, but also share a common theme in their ability to preferentially activate and expand Treg populations <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. As these three GVHD prevention\/treatment modalities continue their path toward clinical application, it is imperative the field understand both the biological advantages and disadvantages of each approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1143381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T04:42:55Z","timestamp":1680064975000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Exosomes, MDSCs and Tregs: A new frontier for GVHD prevention and treatment"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Hess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John 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