{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:45:09Z","timestamp":1766159109521,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009991","name":"Department of Finance of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009991","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to develop a noninvasive prediction model for histological stages in PBC that is simple, easy to implement, and highly accurate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 114  patients with PBC were included in this study. Demographic, laboratory data and histological assessments were collected.  The independent predictors of histological stages were selected to establish a noninvasive serological model. The scores of 22 noninvasive models were calculated and compared with the established model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included 99 females (86.8%) and 15 males (13.2%). The number of patients in Scheuer\u2019s stage 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 33 (29.0%), 34 (29.8%), 16 (14.0%), and 31 (27.2%), respectively. TBA and RDW are independent predictors of PBC histological stages. The above indexes were used to establish a noninvasive model-TR score. When predicting early histological change (S1) or liver fibrosis and cirrhosis (S3-S4), the AUROC of TR score were 0.887 (95% CI, 0.809-0.965) and 0.893 (95% CI, 0.816-0.969), higher than all of the other 22 models included in this study. When predicting cirrhosis (S4), its AUROC is still as high as 0.921 (95% CI, 0.837-1.000).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>TR score is an easy, cheap and stable noninvasive model, without complex calculation formulas and tools, and shows good accuracy in diagnosing the histological stages of PBC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1152294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T05:52:14Z","timestamp":1678945934000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["TR score: A noninvasive model to predict histological stages in patients with primary biliary 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