{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T11:10:17Z","timestamp":1783941017878,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gut microbiota influence food allergy. We showed that the natural compound berberine reduces IgE and others reported that BBR alters gut microbiota implying a potential role for microbiota changes in BBR function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to evaluate an oral Berberine-containing natural medicine with a boiled peanut oral immunotherapy (BNP) regimen as a treatment for food allergy using a murine model and to explore the correlation of treatment-induced changes in gut microbiota with therapeutic outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peanut-allergic (PA) mice, orally sensitized with roasted peanut and cholera toxin, received oral BNP or control treatments. PA mice received periodic post-therapy roasted peanut exposures. Anaphylaxis was assessed by visualization of symptoms and measurement of body temperature. Histamine and serum peanut-specific IgE levels were measured by ELISA. Splenic IgE<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>B cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Fecal pellets were used for sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA by Illumina MiSeq. Sequencing data were analyzed using built-in analysis platforms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>BNP treatment regimen induced long-term tolerance to peanut accompanied by profound and sustained reduction of IgE, symptom scores, plasma histamine, body temperature, and number of IgE<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells (<jats:italic>p &amp;lt;<\/jats:italic>0.001 vs Sham for all). Significant differences were observed for <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>Bacteroidetes<\/jats:italic> ratio across treatment groups. Bacterial genera positively correlated with post-challenge histamine and PN-IgE included <jats:italic>Lachnospiraceae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ruminococcaceae<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Hydrogenanaerobacterium<\/jats:italic> (all <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>) while <jats:italic>Verrucromicrobiacea<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Caproiciproducens<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Bacteroidales<\/jats:italic> were negatively correlated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>BNP is a promising regimen for food allergy treatment and its benefits in a murine model are associated with a distinct microbiota signature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1174907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:46:38Z","timestamp":1690505198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Berberine-containing natural-medicine with boiled peanut-OIT induces sustained peanut-tolerance associated with distinct microbiota 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