{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:57:05Z","timestamp":1791230225422,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016308","name":"Bpifrance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016308","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spike-based COVID-19 vaccines induce potent neutralizing antibodies but their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants decreases. OVX033 is a recombinant protein composed of the full-length nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV-2 genetically fused to oligoDOM<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, a self-assembling domain which improves antigen immunogenicity. OVX033 including N as an antigenic target is proposed as new vaccine candidate providing broad-spectrum protection against sarbecoviruses. OVX033 demonstrated its ability to trigger cross-reactive T cell responses and cross-protection against three variants of SARS-CoV-2 (B.1 Europe, Delta B.1.617.2, and Omicron B.1.1.529) in a hamster challenge model, as evidenced by lower weight loss, lower lung viral loads, and reduced lung histopathological lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1188605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T10:31:00Z","timestamp":1687257060000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["OVX033, a nucleocapsid-based vaccine candidate, provides broad-spectrum protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants in a hamster challenge model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Primard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Monch\u00e2tre-Leroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Del Campo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Valsesia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Nikly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Chevandier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Bou\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Servat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marine","family":"Wasniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyne","family":"Picard-Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Courant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Collin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Salguero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Le Vert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Guyon-Gellin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Nicolas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashbord. covid19","year":"2020"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2211314","article-title":"A covid-19 milestone attained a correlate of protection for vaccines","volume":"387","author":"Gilbert","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.10.005","article-title":"Comparing COVID-19 vaccines for their characteristics, efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern: a narrative review","volume":"28","author":"Fiolet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.05.015","article-title":"Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals","volume":"181","author":"Grifoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2598-9","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in healthy donors and patients with COVID-19","volume":"587","author":"Braun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.06.029","article-title":"Structure-guided T cell vaccine design for SARS-CoV-2 variants and sarbecoviruses","volume":"184","author":"Nathan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-01122-w","article-title":"The T cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2","volume":"23","author":"Moss","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2550-z","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls","volume":"584","author":"Le Bert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-01084-z","article-title":"An immunodominant NP105\u2013113-B*07:02 cytotoxic T cell response controls viral replication and is associated with less severe COVID-19 disease","volume":"23","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI162282","article-title":"Improved control of SARS-CoV-2 by treatment with a nucleocapsid-specific monoclonal antibody","volume":"132","author":"Dangi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.678483","article-title":"OVX836 heptameric nucleoprotein vaccine generates lung tissue-resident memory CD8+ T-cells for cross-protection against influenza","volume":"12","author":"Del Campo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-019-0098-4","article-title":"OVX836 a recombinant nucleoprotein vaccine inducing cellular responses and protective efficacy against multiple influenza a subtypes","volume":"4","author":"Del Campo","year":"2019","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2106845118","article-title":"Engineered SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain improves manufacturability in yeast and immunogenicity in mice","volume":"118","author":"Dalvie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"001567","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001567","article-title":"Hamster and ferret experimental infection with intranasal low dose of a single strain of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"102","author":"Monchatre-Leroy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"B15","volume-title":"Directive 2010\/63\/EU of the European parliament and of the council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes","year":"2013"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009427","article-title":"Intranasal type I interferon treatment is beneficial only when administered before clinical signs onset in the SARS-CoV-2 hamster model","volume":"17","author":"Bessi\u00e8re","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS Pathog"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.3390\/v13112251","article-title":"Development of a hamster natural transmission model of SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"13","author":"Dowall","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20439-y","article-title":"Dose-dependent response to infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the ferret model and evidence of protective immunity","volume":"12","author":"Ryan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2009799117","article-title":"Syrian Hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development","volume":"117","author":"Imai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2342-5","article-title":"Pathogenesis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters","volume":"583","author":"Sia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abq1945","article-title":"Dual spike and nucleocapsid mRNA vaccination confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 omicron and delta variants in preclinical models","volume":"14","author":"Hajnik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04441-6","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 omicron virus causes attenuated disease in mice and hamsters","volume":"603","author":"Halfmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100421","article-title":"Cutting edge: nucleocapsid vaccine elicits spike-independent SARS-CoV-2 protective immunity","volume":"207","author":"Matchett","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109664","article-title":"Combining spike- and nucleocapsid-based vaccines improves distal control of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"36","author":"Dangi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2022.105082","article-title":"Heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus vector immunizations for SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protect hamsters against COVID-19","volume":"25","author":"Hasanpourghadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-022-00436-6","article-title":"Synthetic multiantigen MVA vaccine COH04S1 protects against SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters and non-human primates","volume":"7","author":"Chiuppesi","year":"2022","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-021-00321-8","article-title":"Replicating bacterium-vectored vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 membrane and nucleocapsid proteins protects against severe COVID-19-like disease in hamsters","volume":"6","author":"Jia","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1025500","article-title":"Protection from COVID-19 with a VSV-based vaccine expressing the spike and nucleocapsid proteins","volume":"13","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37697-1","article-title":"An intranasal influenza virus-vectored vaccine prevents SARS-CoV-2 replication in respiratory tissues of mice and hamsters","volume":"14","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2119451","article-title":"Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against the omicron (B.1.1.529) variant","volume":"386","author":"Andrews","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20220415","article-title":"Humoral immunity and b-cell memory in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination","volume":"50","author":"Fryer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab540","article-title":"Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 hyperimmune immunoglobulin demonstrates potent neutralization and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and phagocytosis through n and s proteins","volume":"225","author":"D\u00edez","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abp9770","article-title":"Cell surface SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein modulates innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"8","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202149470","article-title":"Natural killer cell-mediated ADCC in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals and vaccine recipients","volume":"52","author":"Hagemann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.01.032","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 prime-boost vaccinations: homologous BBIBP-CorV versus heterologous BNT162b2 boosters in BBIBP-CorV-primed individuals","volume":"41","author":"Mallah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B36","unstructured":"BastaNE\n            MoodieEEM\n          McGill University. COVID-19 vaccine tracker"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.852904","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, reference-controlled, phase 2a study evaluating the immunogenicity and safety of OVX836, a nucleoprotein-based influenza vaccine","volume":"13","author":"Leroux-Roels","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab532","article-title":"Phase 1 randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-escalating study to evaluate OVX836, a nucleoprotein-based influenza vaccine: intramuscular results","volume":"226","author":"Withanage","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1188605\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T10:31:07Z","timestamp":1687257067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1188605\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1188605"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1188605","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"article-number":"1188605"}}