{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T16:34:00Z","timestamp":1783528440171,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cervical cancer is one of the three major female gynecological malignancies, becoming a major global health challenge. Although about 90% of early-stage patients can be cured by surgery, advanced-stage patients still need new treatment methods to improve their efficacy, especially for those with recurrence and metastasis tumors. Anti-PD-1 is currently the most widely used immune checkpoint inhibitor, which has revolutionized cancer therapy for different types of cancer. Pembrolizumab has been approved for second-line treatment of R\/M CC but has a modest overall response rate of about 15%. Therefore, multiple types of anti-PD-1 have entered clinical trials successively and evaluated the efficacy in combination with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. At the same time, the dual specific antibody of PD-1\/CTLA-4 was also used in clinical trials of cervical cancer, and the results showed better than anti-PD-1 monotherapy. In addition, anti-PD-1 has also been shown to sensitize radiotherapy. Therefore, understanding the current research progress of anti-PD-1 will better guide clinical application. This review summarizes ongoing clinical trials and published studies of anti-PD-1 monotherapy and combination therapy in the treatment of cervical cancer, as well as discusses the potential molecular biological mechanisms of combination, aiming to provide the basic evidence for support anti-PD-1 in the treatment of cervical cancer and new insights in combination immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1195476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T15:58:01Z","timestamp":1690300681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["The anti-PD-1 era of cervical cancer: achievement, opportunity, and challenge"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1806395","article-title":"Minimally invasive versus abdominal radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer","volume":"379","author":"Ramirez","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.5179","article-title":"Cisplatin chemoradiotherapy vs radiotherapy in FIGO stage IIIB squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"Shrivastava","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"B4","article-title":"Cervical cancer. 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