{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T03:44:24Z","timestamp":1793850264617,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammation is a key characteristic of all stages of tumor development, including tumor initiation, progression, malignant transformation, invasion, and metastasis. Inflammasomes are an important component of the inflammatory response and an indispensable part of the innate immune system. Inflammasomes regulate the nature of infiltrating immune cells by signaling the secretion of different cytokines and chemokines, thus regulating the anti-tumor immunity of the body. Inflammasome expression patterns vary across different tumor types and stages, playing different roles during tumor progression. The complex diversity of the inflammasomes is determined by both internal and external factors relating to tumor establishment and progression. Therefore, elucidating the specific effects of different inflammasomes in anti-tumor immunity is critical for promoting the discovery of inflammasome-targeting drugs. This review focuses on the structure, activation pathway, and identification methods of the NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP1 and AIM2 inflammasomes. Herein, we also explore the role of inflammasomes in different cancers and their complex regulatory mechanisms, and discuss current and future directions for targeting inflammasomes in cancer therapy. A detailed knowledge of inflammasome function and regulation may lead to novel therapies that target the activation of inflammasomes as well as the discovery of new drug targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1195572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T05:19:46Z","timestamp":1689052786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["The roles of inflammasomes in cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zihan","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisen","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binghui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiujuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honglin","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weidong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","article-title":"Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation","volume":"144","author":"Hanahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0","article-title":"Inflammation and cancer: back to virchow","volume":"2001","author":"Balkwill","year":"9255","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2017.10.011","article-title":"Recent advances in inflammasome biology","volume":"50","author":"Place","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00734.x","article-title":"Function of nod-like receptors in microbial recognition and host defense","volume":"227","author":"Franchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2231","article-title":"Sensing and reacting to microbes through the inflammasomes","volume":"13","author":"Franchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300891619868007","article-title":"Insights into inflammasome and its research advances in cancer","volume":"105","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tumori"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.15430\/JCP.2017.22.2.62","article-title":"Inflammasome as a therapeutic target for cancer prevention and treatment","volume":"22","author":"Thi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0123-y","article-title":"Diverging inflammasome signals in tumorigenesis and potential targeting","volume":"19","author":"Karki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(02)00599-3","article-title":"The inflammasome: a molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of proIL-beta","volume":"10","author":"Martinon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07965","article-title":"Syk kinase signalling couples to the Nlrp3 inflammasome for anti-fungal host defence","volume":"459","author":"Gross","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16903","article-title":"P2X7 receptor and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in head and neck cancer","volume":"8","author":"Bae","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00650-z","article-title":"Inflammasomes as therapeutic targets in human diseases","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10759","article-title":"Inflammasomes in health and disease","volume":"481","author":"Strowig","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12616","article-title":"Interleukin-18: biological properties and role in disease pathogenesis","volume":"281","author":"Kaplanski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(04)00046-9","article-title":"NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in muckle-wells autoinflammatory disorder","volume":"20","author":"Agostini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.02.008","article-title":"Unified polymerization mechanism for the assembly of ASC-dependent inflammasomes","volume":"156","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04515","article-title":"Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATP","volume":"440","author":"Mariathasan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M607594200","article-title":"Critical role for Cryopyrin\/Nalp3 in activation of caspase-1 in response to viral infection and double-stranded RNA","volume":"281","author":"Kanneganti","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06664","article-title":"The inflammasome recognizes cytosolic microbial and host DNA and triggers an innate immune response","volume":"452","author":"Muruve","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1636","article-title":"The NALP3 inflammasome is involved in the innate immune response to amyloid-beta","volume":"9","author":"Halle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1831","article-title":"Thioredoxin-interacting protein links oxidative stress to inflammasome activation","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15541","article-title":"Caspase-11 cleaves gasdermin d for non-canonical inflammasome signalling","volume":"526","author":"Kayagaki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.03.003","article-title":"The orphan receptor Nur77 binds cytoplasmic LPS to activate the non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome","volume":"56","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1810524115","article-title":"Cryo-EM structures of ASC and NLRC4 CARD filaments reveal a unified mechanism of nucleation and activation of caspase-1","volume":"115","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.040","article-title":"The inflammasomes","volume":"140","author":"Schroder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10394","article-title":"Innate immune recognition of bacterial ligands by NAIPs determines inflammasome specificity","volume":"477","author":"Kofoed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20151613","article-title":"Pyroptosis triggers pore-induced intracellular traps (PITs) that capture bacteria and lead to their clearance by efferocytosis","volume":"213","author":"Jorgensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abd0811","article-title":"Human NLRP1 is a sensor for double-stranded RNA","volume":"371","author":"Bauernfried","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20319-5","article-title":"Structural basis for distinct inflammasome complex assembly by human NLRP1 and CARD8","volume":"12","author":"Gong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12283","article-title":"The NLRP1 inflammasomes","volume":"265","author":"Chavarr\u00eda-Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-101320-011235","article-title":"Innate sensors trigger regulated cell death to combat intracellular infection","volume":"40","author":"Nozaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2022.04.033","article-title":"Human NLRP1 is a sensor of pathogenic coronavirus 3CL proteases in lung epithelial cells","volume":"82","author":"Plan\u00e8s","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-9367-9_7","article-title":"AIM2 inflammasome assembly and signaling","author":"Wang","year":"1172","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol 2019"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.02.014","article-title":"Structures of the HIN domain:DNA complexes reveal ligand binding and activation mechanisms of the AIM2 inflammasome and IFI16 receptor","volume":"36","author":"Jin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07725","article-title":"AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1-activating inflammasome with ASC","volume":"458","author":"Hornung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03875-8","article-title":"AIM2 forms a complex with pyrin and ZBP1 to drive PANoptosis and host defence","volume":"597","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15556","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15556","article-title":"The PYRIN domain-only protein POP2 inhibits inflammasome priming and activation","volume":"8","author":"Ratsimandresy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.03.003","article-title":"The NLRP3 inflammasome protects against loss of epithelial integrity and mortality during experimental colitis","volume":"32","author":"Zaki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.02.012","article-title":"Control of intestinal homeostasis, colitis, and colitis-associated colorectal cancer by the inflammatory caspases","volume":"32","author":"Dupaul-Chicoine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202620","article-title":"Low expression of NLRP1 is associated with a poor prognosis and immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma patients","volume":"13","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402098","article-title":"The NLRP1 inflammasome attenuates colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis","volume":"194","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016814108","article-title":"Inflammation-induced tumorigenesis in the colon is regulated by caspase-1 and NLRC4","volume":"107","author":"Hu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3908","article-title":"Inflammasome-independent role of AIM2 in suppressing colon tumorigenesis via DNA-PK and akt","volume":"21","author":"Wilson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI86953","article-title":"NLRC4 suppresses melanoma tumor progression independently of inflammasome activation","volume":"126","author":"Janowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B45","article-title":"The molecular mechanism of breast cancer cell apoptosis induction by absent in melanoma (AIM2)","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-523-1_10","article-title":"Inflammasome activation and inhibition in primary murine bone marrow-derived cells, and assays for IL-1\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, and caspase-1","author":"Schneider","year":"1040","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-1921","article-title":"The inflammasome component NLRP3 impairs antitumor vaccine by enhancing the accumulation of tumor-associated myeloid-derived suppressor cells","volume":"70","author":"van Deventer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2017.26","article-title":"NLRP1 promotes tumor growth by enhancing inflammasome activation and suppressing apoptosis in metastatic melanoma","volume":"36","author":"Zhai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11276","article-title":"IL-1\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2-producing macrophages populate lung tumor lesions in mice","volume":"7","author":"Terlizzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28617","article-title":"AIM2 promotes non-small-cell lung cancer cell growth through inflammasome-dependent pathway","volume":"234","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4375","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12370-8","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome in fibroblasts links tissue damage with inflammation in breast cancer progression and metastasis","volume":"10","author":"Ershaid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13007","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13007","article-title":"Obesity-associated NLRC4 inflammasome activation drives breast cancer progression","volume":"7","author":"Kolb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxx018","article-title":"Mechanisms governing inflammasome activation, assembly and pyroptosis induction","volume":"29","author":"Kesavardhana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2018.02.007","article-title":"Dysregulated IL-18 is a key driver of immunosuppression and a possible therapeutic target in the multiple myeloma microenvironment","volume":"33","author":"Nakamura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17573","article-title":"Tumor cell-specific AIM2 regulates growth and invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Farshchian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2224","article-title":"Inflammasomes in carcinogenesis and anticancer immune responses","volume":"13","author":"Zitvogel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-018-0900-3","article-title":"Role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cancer","volume":"17","author":"Moossavi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11535","article-title":"IL-22BP is regulated by the inflammasome and modulates tumorigenesis in the intestine","volume":"491","author":"Huber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20181218","article-title":"Host conditioning with IL-1\u03b2 improves the antitumor function of adoptively transferred T cells","volume":"216","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.10.029","article-title":"Differences in tumor microenvironment dictate T helper lineage polarization and response to immune checkpoint therapy","volume":"179","author":"Jiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-0993","article-title":"IL-18 induces PD-1-dependent immunosuppression in cancer","volume":"71","author":"Terme","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30693","article-title":"NOD-like receptor C4 inflammasome regulates the growth of colon cancer liver metastasis in NAFLD","volume":"70","author":"Ohashi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-0488-6","article-title":"The history and advances in cancer immunotherapy: understanding the characteristics of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their therapeutic implications","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.609762","article-title":"Reprogramming immune cells for enhanced cancer immunotherapy: targets and strategies","volume":"12","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05763.x","article-title":"Desirable cell death during anticancer chemotherapy","author":"Locher","year":"1209","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2028","article-title":"Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in dendritic cells induces IL-1beta-dependent adaptive immunity against tumors","volume":"15","author":"Ghiringhelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/bdc.2014.1936","article-title":"[Impact of chemotherapies on immunosuppression and discovery of new therapeutic targets]","volume":"101","author":"Bruchard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull Cancer"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2019.04.003","article-title":"Targeting TMEM176B enhances antitumor immunity and augments the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockers by unleashing inflammasome activation","volume":"35","author":"Segovia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4753","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13194753","article-title":"Overcoming immunotherapy resistance by targeting the tumor-intrinsic NLRP3-HSP70 signaling axis","volume":"13","author":"Theivanthiran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03626-9","article-title":"TIM-3 restrains anti-tumour immunity by regulating inflammasome activation","volume":"595","author":"Dixon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116593","article-title":"Inflammasome as a promising therapeutic target for cancer","volume":"231","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24352","article-title":"Reduction in c-reactive protein indicates successful targeting of the IL-1\/IL-6 axis resulting in improved survival in early stage multiple myeloma","volume":"91","author":"Lust","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-1947","article-title":"Expression of P2X7 receptor increases in vivo tumor growth","volume":"72","author":"Adinolfi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2017.09.032","article-title":"Glibenclamide inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1\u03b2 secretion in human trophoblasts","volume":"135","author":"Tamura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8618","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26775-w","article-title":"MCC950, a specific small molecule inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates colonic inflammation in spontaneous colitis mice","volume":"8","author":"Perera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-017-2720-9","article-title":"Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"75","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201516","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activity is negatively controlled by miR-223","volume":"189","author":"Bauernfeind","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00262","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome and its inhibitors: a review","volume":"6","author":"Shao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2020.01.011","article-title":"Targeting cancer cells with nanotherapeutics and nanodiagnostics: current status and future perspectives","volume":"69","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn203596e","article-title":"Amino-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in human macrophages","volume":"5","author":"Lunov","year":"2011","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425917738331","article-title":"Silica nanoparticles induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human primary immune cells","volume":"23","author":"G\u00f3mez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Innate Immun"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04243-2","article-title":"Enantiomer-dependent immunological response to chiral nanoparticles","volume":"601","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-020-00782-3","article-title":"Proton-driven transformable nanovaccine for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"15","author":"Gong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.12.020","article-title":"Nanoparticle-induced inflammation can increase tumor malignancy","volume":"68","author":"Manshian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01220-3","article-title":"NLRP3 licenses NLRP11 for inflammasome activation in human macrophages","volume":"23","author":"Gangopadhyay","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1195572\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T05:19:49Z","timestamp":1689052789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1195572\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"references-count":85,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1195572"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1195572","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"article-number":"1195572"}}