{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T13:45:52Z","timestamp":1790430352664,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>MicroRNAs represent interesting targets for new therapies because their altered expression influences tumor development and progression. miR-17 is a prototype of onco-miRNA, known to be overexpressed in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) with peculiar clinic-biological features. AntagomiR molecules have been largely studied to repress the regulatory functions of up-regulated onco-miRNAs, but their clinical use is mainly limited by their rapid degradation, kidney elimination and poor cellular uptake when injected as naked oligonucleotides.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To overcome these problems, we exploited CD20 targeted chitosan nanobubbles (NBs) for a preferential and safe delivery of antagomiR17 to B-NHL cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positively charged 400 nm-sized nanobubbles (NBs) represent a stable and effective nanoplatform for antagomiR encapsulation and specific release into B-NHL cells. NBs rapidly accumulated in tumor microenvironment, but only those conjugated with a targeting system (antiCD20 antibodies) were internalized into B-NHL cells, releasing antagomiR17 in the cytoplasm, both <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. The result is the down-regulation of miR-17 level and the reduction in tumor burden in a human-mouse B-NHL model, without any documented side effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-CD20 targeted NBs investigated in this study showed physico-chemical and stability properties suitable for antagomiR17 delivery <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> and represent a useful nanoplatform to address B-cell malignancies or other cancers through the modification of their surface with specific targeting antibodies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1200310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T06:27:52Z","timestamp":1686205672000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Targeted chitosan nanobubbles as a strategy to down-regulate microRNA-17 into B-cell 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