{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:57:37Z","timestamp":1789693057920,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, one species of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> spp., has the greatest impact on human health and is the main cause of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases and preventable blindness among all <jats:italic>Chamydia<\/jats:italic> spp. species. The obligate intracellular parasitism and unique biphasic developmental cycle of <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> are the main barriers for the development of tools of genetic manipulation. The past decade has witnessed significant gains in genetic manipulation of <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, including chemical mutagenesis, group II intron-based targeted gene knockout, fluorescence-reported allelic exchange mutagenesis (FRAEM), CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) and the recently developed transposon mutagenesis. In this review, we discuss the current status of genetic manipulations of <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> and highlights new challenges in the nascent field of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> genetics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1209879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T09:52:26Z","timestamp":1687945946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Advances in genetic manipulation of Chlamydia 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