{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:41:39Z","timestamp":1792798899302,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ib molecules present antigens to subsets of T cells primarily involved in host defense against pathogenic microbes and influence the development of immune-mediated diseases. The MHC class Ib molecule MHC-related protein 1 (MR1) functions as a platform to select MR1-restricted T cells, including mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in the thymus, and presents ligands to them in the periphery. MAIT cells constitute an innate-like T-cell subset that recognizes microbial vitamin B<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> metabolites and plays a defensive role against microbes. In this study, we investigated the function of MR1 in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) by examining wild-type (WT) and MR1-deficient (MR1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup>) mice in which ACD was induced with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). MR1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup> mice exhibited exaggerated ACD lesions compared with WT mice. More neutrophils were recruited in the lesions in MR1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup> mice than in WT mice. WT mice contained fewer MAIT cells in their skin lesions following elicitation with DNFB, and MR1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup> mice lacking MAIT cells exhibited a significant increase in IL-17-producing \u03b1\u03b2 and \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in the skin. Collectively, MR1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup> mice displayed exacerbated ACD from an early phase with an enhanced type 3 immune response, although the precise mechanism of this enhancement remains elusive.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1215478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T10:23:41Z","timestamp":1687256621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["MR1 deficiency enhances IL-17-mediated allergic contact 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