{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T17:49:21Z","timestamp":1778003361280,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant No.32360437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No.32360437"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The World Health Organization (WHO) has assessed the global public risk of monkeypox as moderate, and 71 WHO member countries have reported more than 14,000 cases of monkeypox infection. At present, the identification of clinical symptoms of monkeypox mainly depends on traditional medical means, which has the problems of low detection efficiency and high detection cost. The deep learning algorithm is excellent in image recognition and can extract and recognize image features quickly and reliably.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Therefore, this paper proposes a residual convolutional neural network based on the \u03bb function and contextual transformer (LaCTResNet) for the image recognition of monkeypox cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average recognition accuracy of the neural network model is 91.85%, which is 15.82% higher than that of the baseline model ResNet50 and better than the classical convolutional neural networks models such as AlexNet, VGG16, Inception-V3, and EfficientNet-B5.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This method realizes high-precision identification of skin symptoms of the monkeypox virus to provide a fast and reliable auxiliary diagnosis method for monkeypox cases for front-line medical 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