{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:21:01Z","timestamp":1791566461126,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anti-MDA5 titer and type I IFN signature in patients with MDA5+ DM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We explored the transcriptome profiling of PBMCs in MDA5+ DM patients with high-titer of antibody at disease onset or relapse and normal low-titer after treatment and healthy donors. Subsequently, we revealed the dynamic relationship between serum type I IFN scores and antibody titers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>Differentially expressed genes in MDA5+ DM patients were enriched for related pathways and biological functions linked to viruses and cytokines compared to healthy donors. Similar differences remained pooled between the high-titer and low-titer group, and type I-specific interferon response genes showed upregulation in high-titer group. Significant correlations were found between anti-MDA5 titers and type I IFN scores (r = 0.50, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt; 0.001). Contemporaneous anti-MDA5 titers revealed to be significantly higher in the group with ultra-high type I IFN scores (<jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> high group, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.027; <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> low group, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt; 0.001). Longitudinal assessment of type I IFN scores and anti-MDA5 titers, including pre- and post-treatment changes at initial diagnosis and dynamic changes during treatment, presented an asynchrony between the two parameters in response to treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-MDA5 antibody titers correlated with type I IFN signature in patients with MDA5+ DM and they both changed dynamically but not synchronously over the course of treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1249844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T14:59:45Z","timestamp":1693234785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Transcriptomic profiling and longitudinal study reveal the relationship of anti-MDA5 titer and type I IFN signature in MDA5+ dermatomyositis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiuling","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guojun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21023","article-title":"Autoantibodies 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