{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:14:13Z","timestamp":1792804453579,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The skin is exposed to environmental challenges and contains heterogeneous cell populations such as epithelial cells, stromal cells, and skin-resident immune cells. As the most abundant type of stromal cells, fibroblasts have been historically considered silent observers in the immune responses of the cutaneous epithelial immune microenvironment (EIME), with little research conducted on their heterogeneity and immune-related functions. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) have overcome the limitations of bulk RNA sequencing and help recognize the functional and spatial heterogeneity of fibroblasts, as well as their crosstalk with other types of cells in the cutaneous EIME. Recently, emerging single-cell sequencing data have demonstrated that fibroblasts notably participate in the immune responses of the EIME and impact the initiation and progression of inflammatory skin diseases. Here, we summarize the latest advances in the role of fibroblasts in the cutaneous EIME of inflammatory skin diseases and discuss the distinct functions and molecular mechanisms of activated fibroblasts in fibrotic skin diseases and non-fibrotic inflammatory skin diseases. This review help unveil the multiple roles of fibroblasts in the cutaneous EIME and offer new promising therapeutic strategies for the management of inflammatory skin diseases by targeting fibroblasts or the fibroblast-centered EIME.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1259515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T09:41:38Z","timestamp":1695375698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["New insight into the role of fibroblasts in the epithelial immune microenvironment in the single-cell era"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Liangzhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwen","family":"Kou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanjie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13152","article-title":"Skin barrier immunity and ageing","volume":"160","author":"Chambers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910841","article-title":"Skin barrier dysregulation in psoriasis","volume":"22","author":"Orsmond","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-022-00940-8","article-title":"The epidermal immune microenvironment plays a dominant role in psoriasis development, as revealed by mass cytometry","volume":"19","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0256-2","article-title":"The epithelial immune microenvironment (Eime) in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis","volume":"19","author":"Dainichi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12971","article-title":"The inflammatory speech of fibroblasts","volume":"302","author":"Schuster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.935107","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptional analysis deciphers the inflammatory response of skin-resident stromal cells","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.3390\/life12070935","article-title":"The dynamic nature of human dermal fibroblasts is defined by marked variation in the gene expression of specific cytoskeletal markers","volume":"12","author":"Ahuja","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2016.07.004","article-title":"Distinct fibroblasts in the papillary and reticular dermis: implications for wound healing","volume":"35","author":"Woodley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1172\/jci93555","article-title":"Fibroblast heterogeneity: implications for human disease","volume":"128","author":"Lynch","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.03.003","article-title":"Rna sequencing atopic dermatitis transcriptome profiling provides insights into novel disease mechanisms with potential therapeutic implications","volume":"135","author":"Su\u00e1rez-Fari\u00f1as","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.08.049","article-title":"Distinct patterns of gene expression in the skin lesions of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis: a gene microarray analysis","volume":"112","author":"Nomura","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1038744","article-title":"Applications of single-cell rna sequencing in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis","volume":"13","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.06.002","article-title":"Application of single-cell rna sequencing on human skin: technical evolution and challenges","volume":"99","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04150-2","article-title":"Advances in spatial transcriptomics and related data analysis strategies","volume":"21","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2020.05.006","article-title":"Uncovering an organ's molecular architecture at single-cell resolution by spatially resolved transcriptomics","volume":"39","author":"Liao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1382-5_4","article-title":"Fibroblast and myofibroblast subtypes: single cell sequencing","volume":"2299","author":"Soliman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3709","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24110-y","article-title":"Single-cell RNA-seq reveals fibroblast heterogeneity and increased mesenchymal fibroblasts in human fibrotic skin diseases","volume":"12","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.02.029","article-title":"Role of fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis","volume":"131","author":"Berroth","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1137659","article-title":"Fibroblast heterogeneity: keystone of tissue homeostasis and pathology in inflammation and ageing","volume":"14","author":"Gauthier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.06.024","article-title":"Fibroblasts: origins, definitions, and functions in health and disease","volume":"184","author":"Plikus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214865","article-title":"Single-cell analysis reveals fibroblast heterogeneity and myofibroblasts in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"78","author":"Valenzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar2971","article-title":"Myofibroblast proliferation and heterogeneity are supported by macrophages during skin repair","volume":"362","author":"Shook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2022.02.010","article-title":"Cutaneous transcriptomics identifies fibroproliferative and neurovascular gene dysregulation in prurigo nodularis compared with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis","volume":"142","author":"Sutaria","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.45614","article-title":"Single-cell rna-seq reveals the transcriptional landscape and heterogeneity of skin macrophages in vsir(-\/-) murine psoriasis","volume":"10","author":"Qie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.01.042","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptome analysis of human skin identifies novel fibroblast subpopulation and enrichment of immune subsets in atopic dermatitis","volume":"145","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.002","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptome profile of mouse skin undergoing antigen-driven allergic inflammation recapitulates findings in atopic dermatitis skin lesions","volume":"150","author":"Leyva-Castillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12949","article-title":"An update on vitiligo pathogenesis","volume":"34","author":"Seneschal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4253","article-title":"Understanding the origin, activation and regulation of matrix-producing myofibroblasts for treatment of fibrotic disease","volume":"231","author":"Kramann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15002","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.2","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis","volume":"1","author":"Allanore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00048.2019","article-title":"Diversity and biology of cancer-associated fibroblasts","volume":"101","author":"Biffi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkad017","article-title":"Decoding the molecular landscape of keloids: new insights from single-cell transcriptomics","volume":"11","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Burns Trauma"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.06.010","article-title":"Single-cell Rna-sequencing reveals lineage-specific regulatory changes of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in keloids","volume":"142","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.940645","article-title":"Single-cell Rna sequencing reveals distinct immunology profiles in human keloid","volume":"13","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3758","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition","volume":"15","author":"Lamouille","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.119.314813","article-title":"Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition","volume":"124","author":"Bischoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2022.01.017","article-title":"Integrated analysis of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in keloids: highlights on fibrovascular interactions in keloid pathogenesis","volume":"142","author":"Shim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13264","article-title":"Endothelial cell-derived endothelin-1 is involved in abnormal scar formation by dermal fibroblasts through rhoa\/Rho-kinase pathway","volume":"26","author":"Kiya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.06.001","article-title":"Role of endothelial-mesenchymal transition (Endomt) in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders","volume":"179","author":"Piera-Velazquez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-022-01569-x","article-title":"Targeting Tgf-B Signal transduction for fibrosis and cancer therapy","volume":"21","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4720","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13184720","article-title":"The role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in cancer invasion and metastasis","volume":"13","author":"Asif","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0237-9","article-title":"Guidelines and definitions for research on epithelial-mesenchymal transition","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2019.08.004","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts in desmoplastic tumors: emerging role of integrins","volume":"62","author":"Zeltz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19051294","article-title":"Tgf-B and the tissue microenvironment: relevance in fibrosis and cancer","volume":"19","author":"Caja","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-28480-9","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts are the main contributors to epithelial-to-mesenchymal signatures in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"13","author":"Szabo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1122-y","article-title":"Bosentan and macitentan prevent the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (Endomt) in systemic sclerosis: in vitro study","volume":"18","author":"Corallo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)30933-9","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis","volume":"390","author":"Denton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24607-6","article-title":"Myofibroblast transcriptome indicates SFRP2hi fibroblast progenitors in systemic sclerosis skin","volume":"12","author":"Tabib","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210229","article-title":"Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributes to endothelial dysfunction and dermal fibrosis in systemic sclerosis","volume":"76","author":"Manetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe1916733","article-title":"Breaking the itch-scratch cycle in prurigo nodularis","volume":"382","author":"Kwatra","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.10.004","article-title":"Transcriptomic characterization of prurigo nodularis and the therapeutic response to nemolizumab","volume":"149","author":"Tsoi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.04.182","article-title":"Prurigo nodularis: pathogenesis and management","volume":"83","author":"Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2009.01484.x","article-title":"Prurigo nodularis: systematic analysis of 58 histological criteria in 136 patients","volume":"37","author":"Weigelt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14678","article-title":"Rna sequencing reveals the transcriptome profile of the atopic prurigo nodularis with severe itching","volume":"32","author":"Shao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.07.005","article-title":"Single-cell profiling of prurigo nodularis demonstrates immune-stromal crosstalk driving profibrotic responses and reversal with nemolizumab","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.01.29.526050","article-title":"Single-cell rna sequencing reveals dysregulated fibroblast subclusters in prurigo nodularis","author":"Patel","year":"2023","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(07)61128-3","article-title":"Pathogenesis and clinical features of psoriasis","volume":"370","author":"Griffiths","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(14)61909-7","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"386","author":"Boehncke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)32549-6","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"397","author":"Griffiths","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03724-6","article-title":"Single cell transcriptional zonation of human psoriasis skin identifies an alternative immunoregulatory axis conducted by skin resident cells","volume":"12","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.3.733","article-title":"Hla-Dr polymorphism affects the interaction with Cd4","volume":"182","author":"Fleury","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.5.1275","article-title":"Interaction between Cd8 and major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) class I mediated by multiple contact surfaces that include the alpha 2 and alpha 3 domains of Mhc class I","volume":"182","author":"Sun","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-020-00301-7","article-title":"Perivascular mesenchymal cells control adipose-tissue macrophage accrual in obesity","volume":"2","author":"Shan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-014-0433-9","article-title":"Skin barrier defects in atopic dermatitis","volume":"14","author":"Agrawal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.10.023","article-title":"Novel insights into atopic dermatitis","volume":"151","author":"Schuler","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0001-z","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"4","author":"Weidinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2023911","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"384","author":"St\u00e4nder","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9899.1000110","article-title":"Th2 cytokines and atopic dermatitis","volume":"2","author":"Brandt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041314","article-title":"The role of th17-related cytokines in atopic dermatitis","volume":"21","author":"Sugaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.284","article-title":"Expression of the collagen vi A5 and A6 chains in normal human skin and in skin of patients with collagen vi-related myopathies","volume":"131","author":"Sabatelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13040661","article-title":"The associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the Col3a1, Col6a5, and Col8a1 genes with atopic dermatitis","volume":"13","author":"Szalus","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.10.037","article-title":"Identification of novel immune and barrier genes in atopic dermatitis by means of laser capture microdissection","volume":"135","author":"Esaki","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.01.013","article-title":"Biomarkers in atopic dermatitis-a review on behalf of the international eczema council","volume":"147","author":"Renert-Yuval","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.08.041","article-title":"Mild atopic dermatitis lacks systemic inflammation and shows reduced nonlesional skin abnormalities","volume":"147","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-014-0313-y","article-title":"Chemokines and skin diseases","volume":"63","author":"Sugaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abj0324","article-title":"Nf-Kb perturbation reveals unique immunomodulatory functions in Prx1(+) fibroblasts that promote development of atopic dermatitis","volume":"14","author":"Ko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15538","article-title":"Delayed type hypersensitivity reactions to various allergens may differently model inflammatory skin diseases","volume":"78","author":"Pavel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02694.x","article-title":"Distinct eosinophil cytokine expression patterns in skin diseases - the possible existence of functionally different eosinophil subpopulations","volume":"66","author":"Roth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093665","article-title":"An important role of the Sdf-1\/Cxcr4 axis in chronic skin inflammation","volume":"9","author":"Zgraggen","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.11.049","article-title":"Skin-resident natural killer T cells participate in cutaneous allergic inflammation in atopic dermatitis","volume":"147","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8627-2","article-title":"The cutaneous spectrum of lupus erythematosus","volume":"53","author":"Ribero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.11.001","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus: diagnosis and clinical management","volume":"96","author":"Fava","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2019.102374","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"110","author":"Aringer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)30237-5","article-title":"Management strategies and future directions for systemic lupus erythematosus in adults","volume":"393","author":"Durcan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2022.102811","article-title":"Skin Cd4(+) Trm cells distinguish acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus from localized discoid lupus erythematosus\/subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus and other skin diseases","volume":"128","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7489","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35209-1","article-title":"Single-cell sequencing shows cellular heterogeneity of cutaneous lesions in lupus erythematosus","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.07.007","article-title":"A comprehensive review of immune-mediated dermatopathology in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"93","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04523-3","article-title":"Advances in the pathogenesis of psoriasis: from keratinocyte perspective","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-016-8535-x","article-title":"The inflammatory response in psoriasis: A comprehensive review","volume":"50","author":"Deng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2020.118722","article-title":"Impact of intercellular crosstalk between epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts on skin homeostasis","volume":"1867","author":"Jevti\u0107","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2413549","article-title":"Psoriatic fibroblasts induce hyperproliferation of normal keratinocytes in a skin equivalent model in vitro","volume":"230","author":"Saiag","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1983.tb07075.x","article-title":"Hyperactivity of fibroblasts cultured from psoriatic skin: I. Faster proliferation and effect of serum withdrawal","volume":"109","author":"Priestley","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-015-0198-5","article-title":"Dermal fibroblast expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (Sdf-1) promotes epidermal keratinocyte proliferation in normal and diseased skin","volume":"6","author":"Quan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-023-00974-6","article-title":"The chemokines cxcl8 and Cxcl12: molecular and functional properties, role in disease and efforts towards pharmacological intervention","volume":"20","author":"Cambier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2019.11.007","article-title":"Cxcl12\/cxcr4 signal transduction in diseases and its molecular approaches in targeted-therapy","volume":"217","author":"Mousavi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01280.x","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 10 induces proliferation and differentiation of human primary cultured keratinocytes","volume":"116","author":"Marchese","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.3.2049","article-title":"Studies using leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif) knockout mice and a lif adenoviral vector demonstrate a key anti-inflammatory role for this cytokine in cutaneous inflammation","volume":"166","author":"Zhu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.04.031","article-title":"Cytokine modulation of atopic dermatitis filaggrin skin expression","volume":"120","author":"Howell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.10.042","article-title":"Il-31 regulates differentiation and filaggrin expression in human organotypic skin models","volume":"129","author":"Cornelissen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1767","article-title":"Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis","volume":"38","author":"Palmer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-021-01305-x","article-title":"Skin barrier dysfunction and filaggrin","volume":"44","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Res"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05660","article-title":"Melanocyte biology and skin pigmentation","volume":"445","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21754","article-title":"Mechanisms of melanocyte death in vitiligo","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-100919-023531","article-title":"Vitiligo: mechanisms of pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"38","author":"Frisoli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(14)60763-7","article-title":"Vitiligo","volume":"386","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04221-8","article-title":"Anatomically distinct fibroblast subsets determine skin autoimmune patterns","volume":"601","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900027","article-title":"The role of memory Cd8(+) T cells in vitiligo","volume":"203","author":"Riding","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abd8995","article-title":"Scrna-Seq of human vitiligo reveals complex networks of subclinical immune activation and a role for Ccr5 in T(Reg) function","volume":"13","author":"Gellatly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0238-1","article-title":"A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts","volume":"20","author":"Sahai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-022-00411-z","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts in the single-cell era","volume":"3","author":"Lavie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Cancer"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-018-0004-1","article-title":"Turning foes to friends: targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discovery"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-021-00546-5","article-title":"Clinical and therapeutic relevance of cancer-associated fibroblasts","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B112","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov2018"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2015.61.4578","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, phase ii study of ruxolitinib or placebo in combination with capecitabine in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer for whom therapy with gemcitabine has failed","volume":"33","author":"Hurwitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B114","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov2020"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1171362","article-title":"Inhibition of hedgehog signaling enhances delivery of chemotherapy in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer","volume":"324","author":"Olive","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B116","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov2018"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1320318110","article-title":"Targeting cxcl12 from fap-expressing carcinoma-associated fibroblasts synergizes with anti-pd-L1 immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer","volume":"110","author":"Feig","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A."},{"key":"B118","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov2017"},{"key":"B119","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov2015"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1300415110","article-title":"Ctgf antagonism with mab fg-3019 enhances chemotherapy response without increasing drug delivery in murine ductal pancreas cancer","volume":"110","author":"Neesse","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2017.74.9564","article-title":"Halo 202: randomized phase ii study of pegph20 plus Nab-paclitaxel\/gemcitabine versus Nab-paclitaxel\/gemcitabine in patients with untreated, metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","volume":"36","author":"Hingorani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci38988","article-title":"Targeting fibroblast activation protein inhibits tumor stromagenesis and growth in mice","volume":"119","author":"Santos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-018-0007-1","article-title":"Targeting the tumour stroma to improve cancer therapy","volume":"15","author":"Valkenburg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/sqb.2015.80.027185","article-title":"Targeting transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming in stromal cells in fibrosis and cancer","volume":"80","author":"Hah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2020.104360","article-title":"Differential role of lipoteichoic acids isolated from staphylococcus aureus and lactobacillus plantarum on the aggravation and alleviation of atopic dermatitis","volume":"147","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.01.004","article-title":"Autocrine loop involving Il-6 family member Lif, Lif receptor, and stat4 drives sustained fibroblast production of inflammatory mediators","volume":"46","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-021-00370-8","article-title":"Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to elucidate intercellular tissue dynamics","volume":"22","author":"Longo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.885267","article-title":"Mapping and validation of Scrna-Seq-derived cell-cell communication networks in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"13","author":"Bridges","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.694","article-title":"Single-cell rna sequencing technologies and applications: A brief overview","volume":"12","author":"Jovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Transl Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1259515\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T09:41:43Z","timestamp":1695375703000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1259515\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"references-count":129,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1259515"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1259515","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"article-number":"1259515"}}