{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T11:58:25Z","timestamp":1778932705917,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Food allergy affects 2-10% of the general population; it is more frequent among children than among adults, and it is one of the leading causes of anaphylaxis. Diagnosis of food allergy requires a detailed medical history, skin tests, specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) tests for the food involved, and an oral challenge as final confirmation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients who underwent oral food challenges for suspected food allergies in a reference center in Colombia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Data were retrospectively collected from patients who were evaluated in the allergology service and suspected of food allergy from 2011 to 2018. Quantitative variables are presented as means or medians depending on the normality of the distribution (assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test), and categorical variables are presented as frequencies and percentages.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 215 controlled open challenges were performed on 176 patients, most of whom were children (69%). Thirty-one patients (17%) required another oral challenge with a second food, and 11 (6.25%) required another oral challenge with three foods. Twelve oral challenges (5.58%) were positive. Of these, five challenges were positive for cow\u2019s milk, 5 were positive for shrimp, and 2 were positive for legumes (peanuts and lentils).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency of confirmed food allergies and the profile of food allergies in our population differs from that reported in other parts of the world.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1291275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T08:43:07Z","timestamp":1702975387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Food allergy spectrum in the tropic: clinical and epidemiological profiles in a colombian hospital. A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Manuela","family":"Olaya-Hernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura Del Mar","family":"Vasquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana Lucia","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Martinez-Betancur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oriana","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis Fernando","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos Daniel","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s13223-018-0284-3","article-title":"IgE-mediated food allergy","volume":"14","author":"Waserman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-018-8710-3","article-title":"IgE-mediated food allergy","volume":"57","author":"Anvari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13223-017-0215-8","article-title":"Oral food challenge outcomes in a pediatric tertiary care center","volume":"13","author":"Abrams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.11.003","article-title":"Food allergy: A review and update on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and management","volume":"141","author":"Sicherer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2013.07.001","article-title":"Epidemiology of food allergy in Latin America","volume":"43","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.05.013","article-title":"Food allergy: A practice parameter update - 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