{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T13:11:06Z","timestamp":1793797866067,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":218,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010256","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003785","name":"Guangdong Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003785","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018904","name":"Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018904","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Blood vessels are a key target for cancer therapy. Compared with the healthy vasculature, tumor blood vessels are extremely immature, highly permeable, and deficient in pericytes. The aberrantly vascularized tumor microenvironment is characterized by hypoxia, low pH, high interstitial pressure, and immunosuppression. The efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy is affected by abnormal blood vessels. Some anti-angiogenic drugs show vascular normalization effects in addition to targeting angiogenesis. Reversing the abnormal state of blood vessels creates a normal microenvironment, essential for various cancer treatments, specifically immunotherapy. In addition, immune cells and molecules are involved in the regulation of angiogenesis. Therefore, combining vascular normalization with immunotherapy may increase the efficacy of immunotherapy and reduce the risk of adverse reactions. In this review, we discussed the structure, function, and formation of abnormal vessels. In addition, we elaborated on the role of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in the formation of abnormal vessels. Finally, we described the clinical challenges associated with the combination of immunotherapy with vascular normalization, and highlighted future research directions in this therapeutic area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1291530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T04:30:01Z","timestamp":1702614601000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Targeting vascular normalization: a promising strategy to improve immune\u2013vascular crosstalk in cancer immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Cheng","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoqun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2022.100849","article-title":"New insights into antiangiogenic therapy resistance in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutic aspects","volume":"64","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Resist Update"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0901-987","article-title":"Normalizing tumor vasculature with anti-angiogenic therapy: a new paradigm for combination therapy","volume":"7","author":"Jain","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-017-9562-9","article-title":"Tumor angiogenesis and vascular normalization: alternative therapeutic targets","volume":"20","author":"Viallard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020518-114700","article-title":"Normalizing function of tumor vessels: progress, opportunities, and challenges","volume":"81","author":"Martin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2175","article-title":"Angiogenesis in brain tumours","volume":"8","author":"Jain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00038.2010","article-title":"Normalization of the vasculature for treatment of cancer and other diseases","volume":"91","author":"Goel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2018.29","article-title":"Enhancing cancer immunotherapy using antiangiogenics: opportunities and challenges","volume":"15","author":"Fukumura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.145","article-title":"Improving immune-vascular crosstalk for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21596","article-title":"A review of cancer immunotherapy toxicity","volume":"70","author":"Kennedy","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.02.039","article-title":"Advances in cancer immunotherapies","volume":"186","author":"Dagher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2023.216263","article-title":"CXCL10 mediates CD8+ T cells to facilitate vessel normalization and improve the efficacy of cetuximab combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer","volume":"567","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2020057118","article-title":"DLL1 orchestrates CD8+ T cells to induce long-term vascular normalization and tumor regression","volume":"118","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/S1152851705000232","article-title":"The role of pericytes in blood-vessel formation and maintenance","volume":"7","author":"Bergers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6514","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22126514","article-title":"Tumor vessels fuel the fire in glioblastoma","volume":"22","author":"Rosi\u0144ska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1035323","article-title":"Manipulation of the crosstalk between tumor angiogenesis and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment: Insight into the combination therapy of anti-angiogenesis and immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4708076","article-title":"The role of PDGFs and PDGFRs in colorectal cancer","volume":"2017","author":"Manzat Saplacan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mediators Inflammation"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-22-1890","article-title":"Stromal reprogramming through dual PDGFR\u03b1\/\u03b2 Blockade boosts the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in fibrotic tumors","volume":"83","author":"Akiyama","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.113","article-title":"Targeting the PDGF\/PDGFR signaling pathway for cancer therapy: A review","volume":"202","author":"Zou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3627","article-title":"VEGF targets the tumour cell","volume":"13","author":"Goel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.949553","article-title":"Ang2-targeted combination therapy for cancer treatment","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5703","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115703","article-title":"Cancer cell metabolism in hypoxia: role of HIF-1 as key regulator and therapeutic target","volume":"22","author":"Infantino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.08.002","article-title":"The role of HIF in immunity and inflammation","volume":"32","author":"McGettrick","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6140","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20246140","article-title":"Hypoxia: overview on hypoxia-mediated mechanisms with a focus on the role of HIF genes","volume":"20","author":"Tirpe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.01.021","article-title":"VEGF in signaling and disease: beyond discovery and development","volume":"176","author":"Apte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03278-w","article-title":"A LATS biosensor screen identifies VEGFR as a regulator of the Hippo pathway in angiogenesis","volume":"9","author":"Azad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1704030114","article-title":"YAP\/TAZ-CDC42 signaling regulates vascular tip cell migration","volume":"114","author":"Sakabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2017.08.002","article-title":"YAP\/TAZ orchestrate VEGF signaling during developmental angiogenesis","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm905","article-title":"Transcription factor Egr-1 supports FGF-dependent angiogenesis during neovascularization and tumor growth","volume":"9","author":"Fahmy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.020521","article-title":"Serine 26 in early growth response-1 is critical for endothelial proliferation, migration, and network formation","volume":"10","author":"Santiago","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6849","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-63804-z","article-title":"Early growth response gene mediates in VEGF and FGF signaling as dissected by CRISPR in corpus luteum of water buffalo","volume":"10","author":"Punetha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-023-00521-7","article-title":"Nuclear PD-L1 promotes EGR1-mediated angiogenesis and accelerates tumorigenesis","volume":"9","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Discovery"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5487","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21155487","article-title":"Targeting hypoxia-driven metabolic reprogramming to constrain tumor progression and metastasis","volume":"21","author":"Miranda-Galvis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.07.012","article-title":"Oncology meets immunology: the cancer-immunity cycle","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.09.011","article-title":"The cancer-immunity cycle: Indication, genotype, and immunotype","volume":"56","author":"Mellman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.06.081","article-title":"The tumor microenvironment","volume":"30","author":"Anderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2014.10.006","article-title":"Antiangiogenesis strategies revisited: from starving tumors to alleviating hypoxia","volume":"26","author":"Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-95294-9_6","article-title":"Mechanical forces in tumor angiogenesis","volume":"1092","author":"Zanotelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.06.017","article-title":"Hypoxic niches attract and sequester tumor-associated macrophages and cytotoxic T cells and reprogram them for immunosuppression","volume":"56","author":"Sattiraju","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0287-8","article-title":"Meningeal lymphatic vessels regulate brain tumor drainage and immunity","volume":"30","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-021-00496-y","article-title":"Anti-angiogenic agents - overcoming tumour endothelial cell anergy and improving immunotherapy outcomes","volume":"18","author":"Huinen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2171","article-title":"Evolving functions of endothelial cells in inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Pober","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3908","article-title":"How leukocytes cross the vascular endothelium","volume":"15","author":"Vestweber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.2.667.bloodjournal882667","article-title":"Tumor angiogenesis is accompanied by a decreased inflammatory response of tumor-associated endothelium","volume":"88","author":"Griffioen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B44","article-title":"Endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression is suppressed in human Malignancies: the role of angiogenic factors","volume":"56","author":"Griffioen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.05.001","article-title":"Lag-3, tim-3, and TIGIT: co-inhibitory receptors with specialized functions in immune regulation","volume":"44","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.22-6-908","article-title":"Fas ligand as a tool for immunosuppression and generation of immune tolerance","volume":"22","author":"Bohana-Kashtan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2102950118","article-title":"Galectin-1 fosters an immunosuppressive microenvironment in colorectal cancer by reprogramming CD8+ regulatory T cells","volume":"118","author":"Cagnoni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ircmb.2017.07.004","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and its therapeutic inhibition in cancer","volume":"336","author":"Prendergast","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Rev Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-022-09863-4","article-title":"Proinflammatory activity of VEGF-targeted treatment through reversal of tumor endothelial cell anergy","volume":"26","author":"Nowak-Sliwinska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2017.51","article-title":"Microenvironmental regulation of tumour angiogenesis","volume":"17","author":"De Palma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-07-1956","article-title":"VEGF inhibits T-cell development and may contribute to tumor-induced immune suppression","volume":"101","author":"Ohm","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000505695","article-title":"Dual vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibition elicits antitumor immunity and enhances programmed cell death-1 checkpoint blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2017.12.002","article-title":"Predictive markers of anti-VEGF and emerging role of angiogenesis inhibitors as immunotherapeutics","volume":"52","author":"Hegde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20140559","article-title":"VEGF-A modulates expression of inhibitory checkpoints on CD8+ T cells in tumors","volume":"212","author":"Voron","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-019-0306-1","article-title":"Myeloid immunosuppression and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"17","author":"Nakamura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.06.001","article-title":"Macrophages and metabolism in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"30","author":"Vitale","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1096-1096","article-title":"Production of vascular endothelial growth factor by human tumors inhibits the functional maturation of dendritic cells","volume":"2","author":"Gabrilovich","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-250985","article-title":"VEGF suppresses T-lymphocyte infiltration in the tumor microenvironment through inhibition of NF-\u03baB-induced endothelial activation","volume":"29","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abm6388","article-title":"Tumors resurrect an embryonic vascular program to escape immunity","volume":"7","author":"Huijbers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.024","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-\u03b2 Signaling in immunity and cancer","volume":"50","author":"Batlle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3143","article-title":"Inhibition of TGF-\u03b2 signaling in mesenchymal stem cells of subchondral bone attenuates osteoarthritis","volume":"19","author":"Zhen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00436-9","article-title":"Targeting TGF\u03b2 signal transduction for cancer therapy","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12345","article-title":"LRG1 promotes angiogenesis by modulating endothelial TGF-\u03b2 signalling","volume":"499","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.192","article-title":"TGF-beta and the endothelium during immune injury","volume":"51","author":"Pintavorn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12294","article-title":"TGF\u03b2+ small extracellular vesicles from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells reprogram macrophages towards a pro-angiogenic phenotype","volume":"11","author":"Ludwig","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.04.019","article-title":"T cell surveillance of oncogene-induced prostate cancer is impeded by T cell-derived TGF-\u03b21 cytokine","volume":"35","author":"Donkor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2836-1","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2 suppresses type 2 immunity to cancer","volume":"587","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-21-0003","article-title":"Phosphoinositide-binding protein TIPE1 promotes alternative activation of macrophages and tumor progression via PIP3\/akt\/TGF\u03b2 Axis","volume":"82","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI167994","article-title":"Angiopoietin-2 blockade suppresses growth of liver metastases from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors by promoting T cell recruitment","volume":"133","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-0012","article-title":"Angiopoietin-2 regulates gene expression in TIE2-expressing monocytes and augments their inherent proangiogenic functions","volume":"70","author":"Coffelt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.11.7405","article-title":"Expression of Tie-2 by human monocytes and their responses to angiopoietin-2","volume":"178","author":"Murdoch","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cr.7290176","article-title":"The enigmatic role of angiopoietin-1 in tumor angiogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Metheny-Barlow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3724\/abbs.2023082","article-title":"Angiopoietin-1 promotes triple-negative breast cancer cell proliferation by upregulating carboxypeptidase A4","volume":"55","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai)"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010035","article-title":"Angiopoietin1 deficiency in hepatocytes affects the growth of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM)","volume":"12","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2575","article-title":"PDGF-BB modulates hematopoiesis and tumor angiogenesis by inducing erythropoietin production in stromal cells","volume":"18","author":"Xue","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11385","article-title":"The PDGF-BB-SOX7 axis-modulated IL-33 in pericytes and stromal cells promotes metastasis through tumour-associated macrophages","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2017.04.006","article-title":"Stat6 promotes intestinal tumorigenesis in a mouse model of adenomatous polyposis by expansion of MDSCs and inhibition of cytotoxic CD8 response","volume":"19","author":"Jayakumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-019-1114-3","article-title":"CXCL17-derived CD11b+Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to lung metastasis of breast cancer through platelet-derived growth factor-BB","volume":"21","author":"Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243643","article-title":"Correlation analysis of the proportion of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in colorectal cancer patients","volume":"15","author":"Shirasuna","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2017.10.002","article-title":"Targeting glioma stem cell-derived pericytes disrupts the blood-tumor barrier and improves chemotherapeutic efficacy","volume":"21","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-021-00528-3","article-title":"Pericytes augment glioblastoma cell resistance to temozolomide through CCL5-CCR5 paracrine signaling","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2016.10.018","article-title":"Normalization of tumor vessels by tie2 activation and ang2 inhibition enhances drug delivery and produces a favorable tumor microenvironment","volume":"30","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-3791","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced IL8 upregulates MDR1\/ABCB1 in tumor blood vessels and results in unfavorable outcome","volume":"80","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-018-9633-6","article-title":"EphB4 mediates resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in experimental glioma","volume":"21","author":"Uhl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.105","article-title":"Vessel co-option in primary human tumors and metastases: an obstacle to effective anti-angiogenic treatment","volume":"2","author":"Donnem","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI157399","article-title":"Targeting FAP\u03b1-expressing hepatic stellate cells overcomes resistance to antiangiogenics in colorectal cancer liver metastasis models","volume":"132","author":"Qi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322493","article-title":"Placental growth factor promotes tumour desmoplasia and treatment resistance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"71","author":"Aoki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00562","article-title":"Tumor hypoxia: impact on radiation therapy and molecular pathways","volume":"10","author":"S\u00f8rensen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.03.003","article-title":"Metastasis","volume":"186","author":"Gerstberger","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.03.015","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases: regulators of the tumor microenvironment","volume":"141","author":"Kessenbrock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.01.019","article-title":"Moving targets: Emerging roles for MMPs in cancer progression and metastasis","author":"Shay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/scbi.2000.0379","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases in tumor invasion and metastasis","volume":"10","author":"Stamenkovic","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"B93","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP9 and MMP2) induce the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by ovarian carcinoma cells: implications for ascites formation","volume":"63","author":"Belotti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI33775","article-title":"The initial steps of ovarian cancer cell metastasis are mediated by MMP-2 cleavage of vitronectin and fibronectin","volume":"118","author":"Kenny","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03674-z","article-title":"Foxq1 promotes metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inducing vasculogenic mimicry via the EGFR signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-0116-z","article-title":"Comprehensive review of targeted therapy for colorectal cancer","volume":"5","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00324-8","article-title":"Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease","volume":"22","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2021.10.001","article-title":"Hypoxia inducible lncRNA-CBSLR modulates ferroptosis through m6A-YTHDF2-dependent modulation of CBS in gastric cancer","volume":"37","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-022-01956-7","article-title":"Exosomal protein angiopoietin-like 4 mediated radioresistance of lung cancer by inhibiting ferroptosis under hypoxic microenvironment","volume":"127","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30217-7","article-title":"N6-methyladenosine regulated FGFR4 attenuates ferroptotic cell death in recalcitrant HER2-positive breast cancer","volume":"13","author":"Zou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28159","article-title":"Iron-dependent cell death of hepatocellular carcinoma cells exposed to sorafenib","volume":"133","author":"Louandre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9925919","article-title":"Apatinib induces ferroptosis of glioma cells through modulation of the VEGFR2\/nrf2 pathway","volume":"2022","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05443-0","article-title":"Ferroptosis of tumour neutrophils causes immune suppression in cancer","volume":"612","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2021.04.005","article-title":"Targeting ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer: a double-edged sword","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-018-0927-5","article-title":"Tumor-stromal crosstalk in pancreatic cancer and tissue fibrosis","volume":"18","author":"Thomas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.02.016","article-title":"The evolving tumor microenvironment: From cancer initiation to metastatic outgrowth","volume":"41","author":"de Visser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-02022-5","article-title":"Cancer: a mirrored room between tumor bulk and tumor microenvironment","volume":"40","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Camarero","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21724","article-title":"Mutual regulation of tumour vessel normalization and immunostimulatory reprogramming","volume":"544","author":"Tian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-018-0142-8","article-title":"Cancer immunoediting and resistance to T cell-based immunotherapy","volume":"16","author":"O'Donnell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2011.04515.x","article-title":"Immunology in the clinic review series; focus on cancer: tumour-associated macrophages: undisputed stars of the inflammatory tumour microenvironment","volume":"167","author":"Allavena","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26429","article-title":"Macrophage plasticity, polarization, and function in health and disease","volume":"233","author":"Shapouri-Moghaddam","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dju136","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dju136","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment of metastasis and risk of distant metastasis of breast cancer","volume":"106","author":"Rohan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.10.046","article-title":"Transcriptional and functional diversity of human macrophage repolarization","volume":"143","author":"Gharib","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-022-00547-1","article-title":"& Pollard, J. W. A timeline of tumour-associated macrophage biology","volume":"23","author":"Cassetta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9896(2000)9999:9999<::AID-PATH687>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by macrophages is up-regulated in poorly vascularized areas of breast carcinomas","volume":"192","author":"Lewis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.57.5.747","article-title":"Cytokine regulation of angiogenesis in breast cancer: the role of tumor-associated macrophages","volume":"57","author":"Lewis","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020304003704","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer","volume":"7","author":"Leek","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407704-1.00001-4","article-title":"Role of macrophage polarization in tumor angiogenesis and vessel normalization: implications for new anticancer therapies","volume":"301","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Rev Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114322","article-title":"UTMD inhibits pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis by inducing macrophage polarization and vessel normalization","volume":"160","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"BioMed Pharmacother"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-022516-034356","article-title":"Mechanisms of organ injury and repair by macrophages","volume":"79","author":"Vannella","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12390","article-title":"IGF-1 promotes angiogenesis in endothelial cells\/adipose-derived stem cells co-culture system with activation of PI3K\/Akt signal pathway","volume":"50","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Prolif"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00075","article-title":"Role of tumor associated macrophages in tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis","volume":"5","author":"Riabov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05626-1","article-title":"Dynamic differentiation of F4\/80+ tumor-associated macrophage and its role in tumor vascularization in a syngeneic mouse model of colorectal liver metastasis","volume":"14","author":"Qiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.739297","article-title":"Relationship between PTEN and angiogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and the underlying mechanism","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-22-1922","article-title":"The macrophage-associated lncRNA MALR facilitates ILF3 liquid-liquid phase separation to promote HIF1\u03b1 signaling in esophageal cancer","volume":"83","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-00921-5","article-title":"Heme catabolism by tumor-associated macrophages controls metastasis formation","volume":"22","author":"Consonni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.07.015","article-title":"Podoplanin-expressing macrophages promote lymphangiogenesis and lymphoinvasion in breast cancer","volume":"30","author":"Bieniasz-Krzywiec","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1114","article-title":"Tie2 expression on macrophages is required for blood vessel reconstruction and tumor relapse after chemotherapy","volume":"76","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-21-3181","article-title":"Tie2 receptor in tumor-infiltrating macrophages is dispensable for tumor angiogenesis and tumor relapse after chemotherapy","volume":"82","author":"Jakab","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-023-10079-1","article-title":"Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor recurrence","volume":"42","author":"Cole","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0297","article-title":"Myeloid-derived suppressor cells","volume":"5","author":"Gabrilovich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2015.00004","article-title":"The regulation of MMP targeting to invadopodia during cancer metastasis","volume":"3","author":"Jacob","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06348","article-title":"Bv8 regulates myeloid-cell-dependent tumour angiogenesis","volume":"450","author":"Shojaei","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-0387","article-title":"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in ovarian cancer inhibits tumor immunity through the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells","volume":"23","author":"Horikawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.22767","article-title":"Inhibition of JAK2\/STAT3 reduces tumor-induced angiogenesis and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in head and neck cancer","volume":"57","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Carcinog"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29998","article-title":"The influence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells on angiogenesis and tumor growth after cancer surgery","volume":"138","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-100311-102839","article-title":"Decisions about dendritic cells: past, present, and future","volume":"30","author":"Steinman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-023-00990-6","article-title":"Dendritic cell subsets in cancer immunity and tumor antigen sensing","volume":"20","author":"Del Prete","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2012.01.011","article-title":"Cross-talk between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), macrophages, and dendritic cells enhances tumor-induced immune suppression","volume":"22","author":"Ostrand-Rosenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000353317","article-title":"Angiogenic and antiangiogenic chemokines","volume":"99","author":"Bosisio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem Immunol Allergy"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.5.2788","article-title":"Cutting edge: proangiogenic properties of alternatively activated dendritic cells","volume":"175","author":"Riboldi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2007.07.006","article-title":"Dendritic cell-endothelial cell cross-talk in angiogenesis","volume":"28","author":"Sozzani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00566-3","article-title":"Interferon-\u03b3: teammate or opponent in the tumour microenvironment","volume":"22","author":"Gocher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.122.318079","article-title":"CD8+ T cells promote pathological angiogenesis in ocular neovascular disease","volume":"43","author":"Deliyanti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.03.004","article-title":"Neutralizing IL-8 potentiates immune checkpoint blockade efficacy for glioma","volume":"41","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-21-1456","article-title":"ALKBH5 facilitates hypoxia-induced paraspeckle assembly and IL8 secretion to generate an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment","volume":"81","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2019-000308","article-title":"Interferon gamma inhibits CXCL8-CXCR2 axis mediated tumor-associated macrophages tumor trafficking and enhances anti-PD1 efficacy in pancreatic cancer","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2017.06.003","article-title":"\u03b3\u03b4 T cells: unexpected regulators of cancer development and progression","volume":"3","author":"Fleming","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-17-0655","article-title":"IL22 promotes kras-mutant lung cancer by induction of a protumor immune response and protection of stemness properties","volume":"6","author":"Khosravi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3291","article-title":"An interleukin-17-mediated paracrine network promotes tumor resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy","volume":"19","author":"Chung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2019-000478","article-title":"Heat shock and HSP70 regulate 5-FU-mediated caspase-1 activation in myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor growth in mice","volume":"8","author":"Pilot","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-3687","article-title":"& Coukos, G. T-regulatory cells: key players in tumor immune escape and angiogenesis","volume":"72","author":"Facciabene","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10169","article-title":"Tumour hypoxia promotes tolerance and angiogenesis via CCL28 and T(reg) cells","volume":"475","author":"Facciabene","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-017-0551-z","article-title":"MiR21 sensitized B-lymphoma cells to ABT-199 via ICOS\/ICOSL-mediated interaction of Treg cells with endothelial cells","volume":"36","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13205246","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblast functions as a road-block in cancer therapy","volume":"13","author":"De","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.951582","article-title":"Integrative analysis from multicenter studies identifies a WGCNA-derived cancer-associated fibroblast signature for ovarian cancer","volume":"13","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-019-09688-8","article-title":"Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived WNT2 increases tumor angiogenesis in colon cancer","volume":"23","author":"Unterleuthner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-2268","article-title":"IL-6 mediates cross-talk between tumor cells and activated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"78","author":"Karakasheva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319200","article-title":"STAT3 activation through IL-6\/IL-11 in cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes colorectal tumour development and correlates with poor prognosis","volume":"69","author":"Heichler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aan8247","article-title":"Hypoxic cancer-associated fibroblasts increase NCBP2-AS2\/HIAR to promote endothelial sprouting through enhanced VEGF signaling","volume":"12","author":"Kugeratski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900789","article-title":"Collagen density modulates the immunosuppressive functions of macrophages","volume":"205","author":"Larsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.739161","article-title":"Tumor-associated extracellular matrix: how to be a potential aide to anti-tumor immunotherapy","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abp8964","article-title":"The extracellular matrix and the immune system: A mutually dependent relationship","volume":"379","author":"Sutherland","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-13-226","article-title":"Elevated autocrine EDIL3 protects hepatocellular carcinoma from anoikis through RGD-mediated integrin activation","volume":"13","author":"Feng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.06.009","article-title":"Expression of developmentally regulated endothelial cell locus 1 was induced by tumor-derived factors including VEGF","volume":"333","author":"Aoki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-019-1329-2","article-title":"The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment: perspectives for therapeutic implications","volume":"37","author":"Tamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3455","article-title":"Principles and mechanisms of vessel normalization for cancer and other angiogenic diseases","volume":"10","author":"Carmeliet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discovery"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104819","article-title":"Normalization of tumor vasculature: an emerging concept in antiangiogenic therapy","volume":"307","author":"Jain","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01136-2","article-title":"Therapeutic targets and biomarkers of tumor immunotherapy: response versus non-response","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-22-1366","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and future implications of VEGF\/VEGFR in cancer therapy","volume":"29","author":"Patel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"re21","DOI":"10.1126\/stke.2001.112.re21","article-title":"VEGF receptor signal transduction","volume":"2001","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sci STKE 2001 re21"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0996-992","article-title":"During angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor regulate natural killer cell adhesion to tumor endothelium","volume":"2","author":"Melder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.671.65.3","article-title":"Pharmacology and pharmacodynamics of bevacizumab as monotherapy or in combination with cytotoxic therapy in preclinical studies","volume":"65","author":"Gerber","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2022.2253","article-title":"Effect of apatinib plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin vs pegylated liposomal doxorubicin alone on platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer: the APPROVE randomized clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318022110","article-title":"Improved tumor oxygenation and survival in glioblastoma patients who show increased blood perfusion after cediranib and chemoradiation","volume":"110","author":"Batchelor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.47.2464","article-title":"Phase III randomized trial comparing the efficacy of cediranib as monotherapy, and in combination with lomustine, versus lomustine alone in patients with recurrent glioblastoma","volume":"31","author":"Batchelor","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2022-005583","article-title":"Anti-VEGF therapy improves EGFR-vIII-CAR-T cell delivery and efficacy in syngeneic glioblastoma models in mice","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aak9670","article-title":"Dual angiopoietin-2 and VEGFA inhibition elicits antitumor immunity that is enhanced by PD-1 checkpoint blockade","volume":"9","author":"Schmittnaegel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2022.11.002","article-title":"Cancer immunotherapies transition endothelial cells into HEVs that generate TCF1+ T lymphocyte niches through a feed-forward loop","volume":"40","author":"Hua","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106331","article-title":"Role of Angiopoietin-Tie axis in vascular and lymphatic systems and therapeutic interventions","volume":"182","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003441","article-title":"INTRAVITREAL NESVACUMAB (ANTIANGIOPOIETIN 2) PLUS AFLIBERCEPT IN DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA: phase 2 RUBY randomized trial","volume":"42","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-1775","article-title":"Phase I study of MEDI3617, a selective angiopoietin-2 inhibitor alone and combined with carboplatin\/paclitaxel, paclitaxel, or bevacizumab for advanced solid tumors","volume":"24","author":"Hyman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2442","article-title":"Modes of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy","volume":"8","author":"Bergers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI42405","article-title":"Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in mouse xenograft models of angiogenesis inhibitor-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"121","author":"Cascone","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-3073","article-title":"Angiopoietin-2 interferes with anti-VEGFR2-induced vessel normalization and survival benefit in mice bearing gliomas","volume":"16","author":"Chae","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2010.07.001","article-title":"Double antiangiogenic protein, DAAP, targeting VEGF-A and angiopoietins in tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and vascular leakage","volume":"18","author":"Koh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4914(02)02394-8","article-title":"The role of fibroblast growth factors in vascular development","volume":"8","author":"Javerzat","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aag0945","article-title":"Obesity promotes resistance to anti-VEGF therapy in breast cancer by up-regulating IL-6 and potentially FGF-2","volume":"10","author":"Incio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30481","article-title":"Infigratinib mediates vascular normalization, impairs metastasis, and improves chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"69","author":"Huynh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-020-00524-4","article-title":"FGF401 and vinorelbine synergistically mediate antitumor activity and vascular normalization in FGF19-dependent hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"52","author":"Huynh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"key":"B191","article-title":"Simultaneous inhibition of the receptor kinase activity of vascular endothelial, fibroblast, and platelet-derived growth factors suppresses tumor growth and enhances tumor radiation response","volume":"62","author":"Griffin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2013.05.002","article-title":"Multifarious functions of PDGFs and PDGFRs in tumor growth and metastasis","volume":"19","author":"Cao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200318549","article-title":"Endothelial and nonendothelial sources of PDGF-B regulate pericyte recruitment and influence vascular pattern formation in tumors","volume":"112","author":"Abramsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2004.08.034","article-title":"PDGF-BB induces intratumoral lymphangiogenesis and promotes lymphatic metastasis","volume":"6","author":"Cao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3129","article-title":"Tumour PDGF-BB expression levels determine dual effects of anti-PDGF drugs on vascular remodelling and metastasis","volume":"4","author":"Hosaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-019-1211-2","article-title":"Metformin inhibits metastatic breast cancer progression and improves chemosensitivity by inducing vessel normalization via PDGF-B downregulation","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30889","article-title":"Dual programmed death receptor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 blockade promotes vascular normalization and enhances antitumor immune responses in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"71","author":"Shigeta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.65828","article-title":"Nintedanib enhances the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade by upregulating MHC-I and PD-L1 expression in tumor cells","volume":"12","author":"Tu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.674426","article-title":"Rac1, A potential target for tumor therapy","volume":"11","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abb6731","article-title":"Dual role of endothelial Myct1 in tumor angiogenesis and tumor immunity","volume":"13","author":"Kabir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-0431","article-title":"Human solid tumors contain high endothelial venules: association with T- and B-lymphocyte infiltration and favorable prognosis in breast cancer","volume":"71","author":"Martinet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aak9679","article-title":"Combined antiangiogenic and anti-PD-L1 therapy stimulates tumor immunity through HEV formation","volume":"9","author":"Allen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-328364","article-title":"Targeting PPAR-gamma counteracts tumour adaptation to immune-checkpoint blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"72","author":"Xiong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.704050","article-title":"Combined blockade of GARP:TGF-\u03b21 and PD-1 increases infiltration of T cells and density of pericyte-covered GARP+ Blood vessels in mouse MC38 tumors","volume":"12","author":"Bertrand","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96582","article-title":"Increased vessel perfusion predicts the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"128","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-4354","article-title":"Vascular normalization as an emerging strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy","volume":"73","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-2179","article-title":"Low-dose anti-angiogenic therapy sensitizes breast cancer to PD-1 blockade","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djac051","article-title":"Increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration and efficacy for multikinase inhibitors after PD-1 blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"114","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2023.100929","article-title":"Sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma: From molecular mechanisms to predictive biomarkers","volume":"67","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Resist Update"},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035716","article-title":"Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab or everolimus for advanced renal cell carcinoma","volume":"384","author":"Motzer","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1716948","article-title":"Atezolizumab for first-line treatment of metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC","volume":"378","author":"Socinski","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2016.05.393","article-title":"Pancreatic stellate cells regulate blood vessel density in the stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","volume":"16","author":"Di Maggio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70004-3","article-title":"Axitinib plus gemcitabine versus placebo plus gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a double-blind randomised phase 3 study","volume":"12","author":"Kindler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.13027","article-title":"Pancreatic cancer: A review","volume":"326","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7511","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147511","article-title":"The efficacy of anti-PD-L1 treatment in melanoma is associated with the expression of the ECM molecule EMILIN2","volume":"22","author":"Fejza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci 22"},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0206","article-title":"Angiopoietin-2 as a biomarker and target for immune checkpoint therapy","volume":"5","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10091760","article-title":"Multiparametric imaging of tumor response to therapy","volume":"256","author":"Padhani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)71012-9","article-title":"Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI as a predictor of tumour response to radiotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Zahra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1291530\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T04:30:08Z","timestamp":1702614608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1291530\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"references-count":218,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1291530"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1291530","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"article-number":"1291530"}}