{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T13:36:11Z","timestamp":1793367371599,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma. The HTLV-1 Tax constitutively activates nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB) to promote the survival and transformation of HTLV-1-infected T cells. Despite extensive study of Tax, how Tax interacts with host factors to regulate NF-\u03baB activation and HTLV-1\u2013driven cell proliferation is not entirely clear. Here, we showed that overexpression of Poly (rC)\u2013binding protein 1 (PCBP1) promoted Tax-mediated I\u03baB kinase (IKK)\u2013NF-\u03baB signaling activation, whereas knockdown of PCBP1 attenuated Tax-dependent IKK\u2013NF-\u03baB activation. However, Tax activation of HTLV-1 long terminal repeat was unaffected by PCBP1. Furthermore, depletion of PCBP1 led to apoptosis and reduced proliferation of HTLV-1\u2013transformed cells. Mechanistically, PCBP1 interacted and co-localized with Tax in the cytoplasm, and PCBP1 KH3 domain was indispensable for the interaction between PCBP1 and Tax. Moreover, PCBP1 facilitated the assembly of Tax\/IKK complex. Collectively, our results demonstrated that PCBP1 may exert an essential effect in Tax\/IKK complex combination and subsequent NF-\u03baB activation, which provides a novel insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms of HTLV-1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1375168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T04:41:35Z","timestamp":1713242495000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["PCBP1 interacts with the HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein to potentiate NF-\u03baB 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