{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T07:55:22Z","timestamp":1768031722062,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>T cells, as a major lymphocyte population involved in the adaptive immune response, play an important immunomodulatory role in the early stages of autoimmune diseases. Autophagy is a cellular catabolism mediated by lysosomes. Autophagy maintains cell homeostasis by recycling degraded cytoplasmic components and damaged organelles. Autophagy has a protective effect on cells and plays an important role in regulating T cell development, activation, proliferation and differentiation. Autophagy mediates the participation of T cells in the acquired immune response and plays a key role in antigen processing as well as in the maintenance of T cell homeostasis. In autoimmune diseases, dysregulated autophagy of T cells largely influences the pathological changes. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how T cells play a role in the immune mechanism of autoimmune diseases through autophagy pathway to guide the clinical treatment of diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1425443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T04:38:09Z","timestamp":1721623089000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Research progress of T cell autophagy in autoimmune diseases"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xingxing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baoqi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yajing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000748","article-title":"Advances in the role of helper T cells in autoimmune diseases","volume":"133","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2009","article-title":"Regulation of mammalian autophagy in physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"90","author":"Ravikumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-015-1297-8","article-title":"Autophagy in autoimmune disease","volume":"93","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Mol Med (Berl)"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.8.5163","article-title":"Autophagy is induced in CD4+T cells and important for the growth factor-withdrawal cell death","volume":"177","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2004.01.013","article-title":"Autolysosomes accumulate during in vitro CD8+ T-lymphocyte aging and may participate in induced death sensitization of senescent cells","volume":"39","author":"Gerland","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1385-y","article-title":"CD4 T lymphocyte autophagy is upregulated in the salivary glands of primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome patients and correlates with focus score and disease activity","volume":"19","author":"Alessandri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0003-4","article-title":"Mechanism and medical implications of mammalian autophagy","volume":"19","author":"Dikic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00542-2","article-title":"The\u2002mechanisms\u2002and\u2002roles\u2002of\u2002selective autophagy\u2002in\u2002mammals","volume":"24","author":"Vargas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-023-00692-2","article-title":"The role of lysosomes in metabolic and autoimmune diseases","volume":"19","author":"Gros","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2013.153","article-title":"Chaperone-mediated autophagy: roles in disease and aging","volume":"24","author":"Cuervo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-011-0865-5","article-title":"Microautophagy: lesser-known self-eating","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06639","article-title":"Autophagy fights disease through cellular self-digestion","volume":"451","author":"Mizushima","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0070-2153(06)74001-7","article-title":"Membrane origin for autophagy","volume":"74","author":"Reggiori","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Top Dev Biol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12371","article-title":"\u03b2-Guanidinopropionic acid extends the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster via an AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent increase in autophagy","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.15.01012","article-title":"An autophagy-related kinase is essential for the symbiotic relationship between Phaseolus vulgaris and both rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi","volume":"28","author":"Estrada-Navarrete","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005","article-title":"The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation","volume":"27","author":"Mizushima","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/832704","article-title":"The role of the selective adaptor p62 and ubiquitin-like proteins in autophagy","volume":"2014","author":"Lippai","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201796697","article-title":"Molecular definitions of autophagy and related processes","volume":"36","author":"Galluzzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2017.1339845","article-title":"Regulation of SQSTM1\/p62 via UBA domain ubiquitination and its role in disease","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204592","article-title":"TFEB links autophagy to lysosomal biogenesis","volume":"332","author":"Settembre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2020.1797280","article-title":"Guidelines for the use and\u2002interpretation\u2002of\u2002assays\u2002for\u2002monitoring\u2002autophagy","volume":"17","author":"Klionsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0205-1","article-title":"mTOR as a central hub of nutrient signalling and cell growth","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2012.11.004","article-title":"Beclin1 interactome controls the crosstalk between apoptosis, autophagy and inflammasome activation: impact on the aging process","volume":"12","author":"Salminen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13061211","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of autophagy and its regulation by cannabinoids in cancer","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers(Basel)"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1196371","article-title":"Phosphorylation of ULK1 (hATG1) by AMP-activated protein kinase connects energy sensing to mitophagy","volume":"331","author":"Egan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30977-7","article-title":"AMPK contributes to autophagosome maturation and lysosomal fusion","volume":"8","author":"Jang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0340727","article-title":"Phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling and FoxO transcription factors in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Reedquist","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2010.01.017","article-title":"mTOR regulation of autophagy","volume":"584","author":"Jung","year":"2010","journal-title":"FFBS Lett"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2152","article-title":"AMPK and mTOR regulate autophagy through direct phosphorylation of Ulk1","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3522","article-title":"Amino acid signalling upstream of mTOR","volume":"14","author":"Jewell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2019.10.003","article-title":"Targeting autophagy-related protein kinases for potential therapeutic purpose","volume":"10","author":"Xiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-021-01423-6","article-title":"Crosstalk between autophagy inhibitors and endosome-related secretory pathways: a challenge for autophagy-based treatment of solid cancers","volume":"20","author":"Raudenska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.11.044","article-title":"Bidirectional transport of amino acids regulates mtor and autophagy","volume":"136","author":"Nicklin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20081668","article-title":"mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) controls hydrophobic motif phosphorylation and activation of serum- and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1)","volume":"416","author":"Garcia-Martinez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0602-4_12","article-title":"Protein modification and autophagy activation","volume":"1206","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80595-4","article-title":"Akt promotes cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting a Forkhead transcription factor","volume":"96","author":"Brunet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0602-4_3","article-title":"Hongbing Z.Regulation of autophagy by mTOR signaling pathway","volume":"1206","author":"Ying","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2007.78","article-title":"Physiological functions of Atg6\/Beclin1: a unique autophagy-related protein","volume":"17","author":"Cao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2014-202356","article-title":"Gene of the month: BECN1","volume":"67","author":"Sahni","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2008.246","article-title":"DAP-kinase-mediated\u2002phosphorylation\u2002on\u2002theBH3\u2002domain\u2002of\u2002beclin1\u2002promotes dissociation\u2002of\u2002beclin1\u2002from\u2002Bcl-XL\u2002and\u2002induction\u2002of\u2002autophagy","volume":"10","author":"Zalckvar","year":"2009","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.05.009","article-title":"Negative regulation of Vps34 by Cdk mediated phosphorylation","volume":"38","author":"Furuya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2023.103030","article-title":"Autophagy pathways in autoimmune diseases","volume":"136","author":"Keller","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dev146506","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.146506","article-title":"Autophagy in stem cells: Repair, remodelling and metabolic reprogramming","volume":"145","author":"Boya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07208","article-title":"Autophagy in thymic epithelium shapes the T-cell repertoire and is essential for tolerance","volume":"455","author":"Nedjic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.10.018","article-title":"Antigen-loading compartments for major histocompatibility complex class II molecules continuously receive input from autophagosomes","volume":"26","author":"Schmid","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2000975","article-title":"Ubiquitination of MHC class II by march-I regulates dendritic cell fitness","volume":"206","author":"Hei","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2012.01143.x","article-title":"The contribution of autophagy to lymphocyte survival and homeostasis","volume":"249","author":"Mcleod","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001822","article-title":"Autophagy regulates endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and calcium mobilization in T lymphocytes","volume":"186","author":"Jia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000576","article-title":"Macroautophagy regulates energy metabolism during effector T cell activation","volume":"185","author":"Hubbard","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061303","article-title":"A critical role for the autophagy gene Atg5 in T cell survival and proliferation","volume":"204","author":"Pua","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002404","article-title":"Temporal regulation of intracellular organelle homeostasis in T lymphocytes by autophagy","volume":"186","author":"Jia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0606-2_2","article-title":"Autophagy regulation of mammalian immune cells","volume":"1209","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1089374","article-title":"Common \u03b3-chaincytokine signaling is required for macroautophagy induction during CD4+ T cell activation","volume":"11","author":"Botbol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00213","article-title":"Autophagy in T cell function and aging","volume":"7","author":"Macian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112045","article-title":"Inhibiting ATG5 mediated autophagy to regulate endoplasmic reticulum stress and CD4+ T lymphocyte differentiation: Mechanisms of acupuncture's effects on asthma","volume":"142","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioMed Pharmacother"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.12444","article-title":"The autophagy gene Atg16l1 differentially regulates Treg and TH2 cells to control intestinal inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Kabat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2021.104833","article-title":"The attenuation of Th1 and Th17 responses via autophagy protects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.04.014","article-title":"The mTOR kinase differentially regulates effector and regulatory T cell lineage commitment","volume":"30","author":"Delgoffe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2005","article-title":"The kinase mTOR regulates the differentiation of helper T cells through the selective activation of signaling by mTORC1 and mTORC2","volume":"12","author":"Delgoffe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.06.002","article-title":"Mammalian target of rapamycin protein complex 2 regulates differentiation of Th1 and Th2 cell subsets via distinct signaling pathways","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.09.015","article-title":"T cell exit from quiescence and differentiation into Th2 cells depend on Raptor-mTORC1-mediated metabolic reprogramming","volume":"39","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12297","article-title":"mTORC1 couples immune signals and metabolic programming to establish T(reg)-cell function","volume":"499","author":"Zeng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003613","article-title":"Cutting edge: distinct glycolytic and lipid oxidative metabolic programs are essential for effector and regulatory CD4+ T cell subsets","volume":"186","author":"Michalek","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00468-w","article-title":"Selective degradation of PU.1 during autophagy represses the differentiation and antitumour activity of TH9 cells","volume":"8","author":"Thaiz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.108611","article-title":"Allergen induces CD11c+ dendritic cell autophagy to aggravate allergicrhinitis through promoting immune imbalance","volume":"106","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.12.050","article-title":"Human liver memory CD8+ T cells use autophagy for tissue residence","volume":"30","author":"Swadling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2018.01.033","article-title":"Autophagy and T cell metabolism","volume":"419","author":"Dowling","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.06.065","article-title":"Autophagy is a tolerance-avoidance mechanism that modulates TCR-mediated signaling and cell metabolism to prevent induction of T cell anergy","volume":"24","author":"Mocholi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.02.018","article-title":"The ubiquitin binding protein TAX1BP1 mediates autophagosome induction and the metabolic transition of activated T cells","volume":"46","author":"Whang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0801143","article-title":"Autophagy is essential for mitochondrial clearance in mature T lymphocytes","volume":"182","author":"Pua","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2018.11.010","article-title":"AMBRA1 controls regulatory T-cell differentiation and homeostasis upstream of the FOXO3-FOXP3 axis","volume":"47","author":"Becher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00575","article-title":"Impaired autophagy and defective T cell homeostasis in mice with T cell-specific deletion of receptor for activated C kinase 1","volume":"8","author":"Qiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0602-4_11","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of autophagy","volume":"1206","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00813-13","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of autophagy by the methyltransferase G9a","volume":"33","author":"Artal-Martinez de Narvajas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1622-z","article-title":"Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies as a new biomarker of erosive joint damage in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"20","author":"Ceccarelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s11658-022-00312-0","article-title":"Peptidylarginine deiminase 2 promotes T helper 17-like T cell activation and activated T cell-autonomous death (ACAD) through an endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy coupling mechanism","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol Lett"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110640","article-title":"Autophagy in antigen-presenting cells results in presentation of citrullinated peptides to CD4 T cells","volume":"208","author":"Ireland","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-194175","article-title":"Role of autophagy in immunity and autoimmunity, with a special focus on systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"26","author":"Pierdominici","year":"2012","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000474","article-title":"Recent developments in systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis and applications for therapy","volume":"30","author":"Lo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.140111","article-title":"Genetic association of PRDM1-ATG5 intergenic region and autophagy with systemic lupus erythematosus in a Chinese population","volume":"70","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.v8i8","article-title":"Autophagy-related gene LRRK2 is likely a susceptibility gene for systemic lupus erythematosus in northern Han Chinese","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.11.018","article-title":"Meta-analysis followed by replication identifies loci in or near CDKN1B, TET3, CD80, DRAM1, and ARID5B as associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in Asians","volume":"92","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38749","article-title":"Brief Report: identification of MTMR3 as a novel susceptibility gene for lupus nephritis in northern Han Chinese by shared-gene analysis with IgA nephropathy","volume":"66","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38220","article-title":"End-stage renal disease in African Americans with lupus nephritis is associated with APOL1","volume":"66","author":"Freedman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078756","article-title":"Influence of Atg5 mutation in SLE depends on functional IL-10 genotype","volume":"8","author":"Lopez","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3251","article-title":"Abnormalities of T cell signaling in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"13","author":"Moulton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3532","article-title":"Autophagy in infection, inflammation and immunity","volume":"13","author":"Deretic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203308098191","article-title":"Lupus and T cells","volume":"18","author":"La Cava","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.07.021","article-title":"Erythroid mitochondrial retention triggers myeloid-dependent type I interferon in human SLE","volume":"184","author":"Caielli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B90","first-page":"1","article-title":"Expression of autophagy related genes mTOR, Becline-1, LC3 and p62 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"6","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-206060","article-title":"T lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are resistant to induction of autophagy","volume":"26","author":"Alessandri","year":"2012","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8959726","article-title":"In Vivo Suppression of Autophagy via Lentiviral shRNA Targeting Atg5 Improves Lupus-Like Syndrome","volume":"2020","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000484955","article-title":"Chloroquine autophagic inhibition rebalances Th17\/Treg-mediated immunity and ameliorates systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"44","author":"An","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-014-2656-5","article-title":"Detection of dynamic frequencies of Th17 cells and their associations with clinical parameters in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving standard therapy","volume":"33","author":"Wen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130252","article-title":"Phosphofructokinase deficiency impairs ATP generation, autophagy, and redox balance in rheumatoid arthritis T cells","volume":"210","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev337","article-title":"Recent insights into the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"55","author":"Dai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1763-0","article-title":"Association between autophagy and inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving biologic therapy","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646375","article-title":"Increased autophagy in CD4+T cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients results in T-cell hyperactivation and apoptosis resistance","volume":"46","author":"van Loosdregt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17280","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17128-0","article-title":"Elevation of autophagy markers in Sjogren syndrome dry eye","volume":"7","author":"Byun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01189-x","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on CD4+ T cells in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"31","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex227","article-title":"Increased autophagy contributes to the inflammatory phenotype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis synovial fluid T cells","volume":"56","author":"Peeters","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316234","article-title":"Autophagy and mitophagy elements are increased in body fluids of multiple sclerosis-affected individuals","volume":"89","author":"Patergnani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2020.1752979","article-title":"Autophagy-related protein PIK3C3\/VPS34 controls T cell metabolism and function: PIK3C3\/VPS34 in T cell metabolism and function","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-137323","article-title":"Genetic deficiency of Irgm1 (LRG-47) suppresses induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by promoting apoptosis of activated CD4+T cells","volume":"24","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156800910791517172","article-title":"The mTOR pathway: a new target in cancer therapy","volume":"10","author":"Ciuffreda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.6260","article-title":"Bcl-2 family members: dual regulators of apoptosis and autophagy","volume":"4","author":"Levine","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M602097200","article-title":"NF-\u03baB activation represses tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1-induced autophagy","volume":"281","author":"Djavaheri-Mergny","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201003122","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein impairs macroautophagy: implications for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"190","author":"Winslow","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00919.x","article-title":"The complex interplay between autophagy, apoptosis, and necrotic signals promotes T-cell homeostasis","volume":"236","author":"Walsh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.09.002","article-title":"The mammalian target of rapamycin: linking T cell differentiation, function, and metabolism","volume":"33","author":"Powell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2018.1474314","article-title":"Chloroquine inhibits autophagic flux by decreasing autophagosome-lysosome fusion","volume":"14","author":"Mauthe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184922","article-title":"Modulating lysosomal function through lysosome membrane permeabilization or autophagy suppression restores sensitivity to cisplatin in refractory non-small-cell lung cancer cells","volume":"12","author":"Circu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612826666200707132920","article-title":"The role of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in immune regulation and diseases","volume":"26","author":"Martinez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri846","article-title":"Apoptosis as a therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2","author":"Pope","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01661","article-title":"Evolving concepts of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"423","author":"Firestein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes113","article-title":"Understanding the dynamics: pathways involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"51","author":"Choy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.121657","article-title":"Mr Outside and Mr Inside: classic and alternative views on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Schett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2009.180","article-title":"Rejuvenating the immune system in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Weyand","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21239172","article-title":"Innate immunity and biological therapies for the treatment of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Srivastava","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez004","article-title":"T cells in primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: targets for early intervention","volume":"60","author":"Verstappen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatol"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.05.019","article-title":"The T cell in Sjogren's syndrome: force majeure, not spectateur","volume":"39","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-02317-6","article-title":"Autophagy-occurs in lymphocytes infiltrating Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome minor salivary glands and correlates with histological severity of salivary gland lesions","volume":"22","author":"ColaFrancesco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60244-4","article-title":"Juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"377","author":"Prakken","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.08.046","article-title":"Inhibition of super-enhancer activity in autoinflammatory site-derived T cells reduces disease-associated gene expression","volume":"12","author":"Peeters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.27","article-title":"Advances in IBD genetics","volume":"11","author":"Van Limbergen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Revi Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07383","article-title":"Loss of the autophagy protein Atg16L1 enhances endotoxin-induced IL-1beta production","volume":"456","author":"Saitoh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.215","article-title":"Deletion polymorphism upstream of IRGM associated with altered IRGM expression and Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"40","author":"McCarroll","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.12.017","article-title":"Intestinal Epithelial Cell Autophagy Is Required to Protect against TNF-Induced Apoptosis during Chronic Colitis in Mice","volume":"23","author":"Pott","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13044","article-title":"A Crohn\u2019s disease variant in Atg16l1 enhances its degradation by caspase 3","volume":"506","author":"Murthy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12039","article-title":"CD4(+) T-cell subsets in intestinal inflammation","volume":"252","author":"Shale","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000210","article-title":"Comprehensive intestinal T helper cell profiling reveals specific accumulation of IFN-\u03b3+IL-17+coproducing CD4+ T cells in active inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"20","author":"Globig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflammation Bowel Dis"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00718-z","article-title":"The immunology of multiple sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Attfield","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.02.016","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying inflammation in neurodegeneration","volume":"140","author":"Glass","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-015-1545-5","article-title":"Role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis","volume":"31","author":"Liang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf059","article-title":"Oligoclonal expansion of memory CD8+ T cells in cerebrospinal fluid from multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"125","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2016.04.042","article-title":"Gene expression profiles of autophagy-related genes in multiple sclerosis","volume":"588","author":"Igci","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.5.2.7348","article-title":"Elevated Atg5 expression in autoimmune demyelination and multiple sclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Alirezaei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2011.78","article-title":"Autophagy promotes T-cell survival through degradation of proteins of the cell death machinery","volume":"19","author":"Kovacs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1713664114","article-title":"ATG-dependent phagocytosis in dendritic cells drives myelin-specific CD4+ T cell pathogenicity during CNS inflammation","volume":"114","author":"Keller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2018.1427397","article-title":"Noncanonical autophagy in dendritic cells triggers CNS autoimmunity","volume":"14","author":"Keller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autophagy"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1425443\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T04:38:14Z","timestamp":1721623094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1425443\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"references-count":140,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1425443"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1425443","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"article-number":"1425443"}}