{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:36:16Z","timestamp":1792802176925,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 positive dermatomyositis (MDA5+ DM) is a life-threatening disease due to rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD). We aimed to investigate the expression profile of T cell subsets in MDA5+ DM patients, seeking for possible disease-causing T cell subsets and potential biomarkers to distinguish ILD, especially RP-ILD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peripheral blood T cell subpopulations were immunophenotyped in 24 MDA5+ DM patients and 21 healthy controls (HCs) by flow cytometry. The proportion of T cell subsets and clinical characteristics were analyzed. The quantitative determination of cytokines in the plasma was measured by using a microsphere-based immunofluorescence assaying kit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportion of na\u00efve and CD38+ T cells were much higher, whereas the proportion of central memory T cells were lower in MDA5+ DM patients than in HCs. Notably, the proportion of CD38+CD4+ T cells and CD38+CD8+ T cells on T cells in in RP-ILD group were significantly elevated compared to C-ILD, non-ILD group and HCs. Moreover, serum IFN-\u03b1 levels were significantly increased in MDA5+ DM patients with RP-ILD. Further, the frequencies of CD38+CD4+ T cells and CD38+CD8+ T cells were positively correlated with IFN-\u03b1 levels. Finally, ROC analysis indicated that CD38+CD4+ T cells and CD38+CD8+ T cells could be potential biomarkers for predicting ILD\/RP-ILD in MDA5+ DM patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dysregulated CD38 expression on T cell subsets was associated with lung involvement, especially RP-ILD in MDA5+ DM patients. CD38+ T cell subsets could be used as potential biomarkers for predicting ILD\/RP-ILD in MDA5+ DM patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1455944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T06:10:58Z","timestamp":1731305458000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dysregulated CD38 expression on T cells was associated with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease in anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 positive 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