{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:15:40Z","timestamp":1787026540346,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients display weak seroconversion and neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination and remain at risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While B-cell memory is the hallmark of serological immunity, its role in driving successful vaccine responses and providing immune protection in SOT patients remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the function and interplay of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells (mBc), different cytokineproducing T cells, and cross-reactive NAb in driving seroconversion and protection against COVID-19 in two cohorts. First, we studied a large cohort of 148 SOT recipients and 32 immunocompetent individuals who underwent several vaccinations. Subsequently, we assessed 25 SOT patients participating in a randomized controlled trial to compare two different immunosuppressive strategies for allowing successful seroconversion and memory-cell responses after booster vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We corroborate previous findings that B- and T-cell memory responses are weaker and more delayed in SOT patients than in immunocompetent (IC) individuals; however, within the SOT cohort, we found that these responses are relatively stronger and more robust in patients not receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)-based therapies. Anti- spike IgG titers strongly correlated with RBD-specific IgG-producing mBc, with both displaying broad viral cross reactivity. Prebooster SARS-CoV-2-specific mBc and IL-2- producing T cells accurately predicted Nab seroconversion (AUC, 0.828) and protection against severe COVID-19. While switching unresponsive SOT patients from calcineurin inhibitors (CNI)\/MMF to a low-exposure CNI\/mTOR-i regimen favored wider SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses after a fourth booster vaccination, preformed RBD-specific mBc predicted NAb seroconversion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study adds new insights into the pathobiology of immune memory and highlights the pivotal role of SARS-CoV-2-specific mBc in promoting immune protection inSOT patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1463769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:28:17Z","timestamp":1728347297000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells promoting immune protection after booster vaccination in solid organ transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Donadeu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Gomez-Olles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franc","family":"Casanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Torija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Lopez-Meseguer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meritxell","family":"Boada-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Kervella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Carrera-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Campos-Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Llu\u00eds","family":"Castells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria F.","family":"Cortese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Esperalba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Candela","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Naval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Ag\u00fcero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Gonzalez-Costello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Llad\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Fav\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Ca\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"del Mar de la Hoz-Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Meneghini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina B.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariona","family":"Juv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"FMJ","family":"Hafkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba G.","family":"Robles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Buz\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nestor","family":"Toapanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Monforte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berta","family":"Saez-Gim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Len","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibai Los","family":"Arcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enric","family":"Miret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gema","family":"Ariceta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesc","family":"Moreso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oriol","family":"Bestard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101765","article-title":"BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in a nationwide mass vaccination setting","volume":"384","author":"Dagan","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2021.12.012","article-title":"Occurrence of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"54","author":"Marinaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2986","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092986","article-title":"A systematic review of COVID-19 infection in kidney transplant recipients: A universal effort to preserve patients\u2019 Lives and allografts","volume":"9","author":"Marinaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B4","unstructured":"ECDC: StockholmEuropean Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Interim public health considerations for the provision of additional COVID-19 vaccine doses2021"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine","volume":"384","author":"Baden","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16855","article-title":"Reconciling short-term clinical and immunological outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"22","author":"Bestard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16702","article-title":"Impaired anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral and cellular immune response induced by Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in solid organ transplanted patients","volume":"21","author":"Miele","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.05.011","article-title":"Occurrence of severe COVID-19 in vaccinated transplant patients","volume":"100","author":"Caillard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003907","article-title":"Risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in adult transplant recipients","volume":"105","author":"Qin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13779","article-title":"Breakthrough COVID-19 after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients: An analysis of symptomatic cases and monoclonal antibody therapy","volume":"24","author":"Yetmar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003902","article-title":"Breakthrough COVID-19 infections after mRNA vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients in miami, florida","volume":"105","author":"Anjan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.7024","article-title":"Association between immune dysfunction and COVID 19 breakthrough infection after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the US","volume":"182","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16958","article-title":"mTOR inhibitors improve both humoral and cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA BNT16b2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"22","author":"Netti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-1341","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccines in recipients of solid organ transplants","volume":"174","author":"Marion","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2108861","article-title":"Three doses of an mRNA covid-19 vaccine in solid-organ transplant recipients","volume":"385","author":"Kamar","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.7489","article-title":"Antibody response to 2-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine series in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"325","author":"Boyarsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13772","article-title":"Humoral and cellular immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine among a cohort of solid organ transplant recipients and healthy controls","volume":"24","author":"Yanis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13946","article-title":"Low seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a liver transplant cohort","volume":"34","author":"Campos-Varela","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00267-6","article-title":"Neutralising antibody titres as predictors of protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants and the impact of boosting: a meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Cromer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01377-8","article-title":"Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"27","author":"Khoury","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1055457","article-title":"Protective roles and protective mechanisms of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection and their potential clinical implications","volume":"14","author":"Abebe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01613-y","article-title":"Prior vaccination promotes early activation of memory T cells and enchances immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection","volume":"24","author":"Painter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq3511","article-title":"Recall of preexisting cross-reactive B cell memory after Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection","volume":"7","author":"Kaku","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.07.007","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection drives late remodeling of the memory B cell repertoire in vaccinated individuals","volume":"56","author":"Sokal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110740","article-title":"Memory B cells, but not long-lived plasma cells, possess antigen specificities for viral escape mutants","volume":"208","author":"Purtha","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-041015-055531","article-title":"Memory B cells of mice and humans","volume":"35","author":"Weisel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abo2202","article-title":"Divergent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-reactive T and B cell responses in COVID-19 vaccine recipients","volume":"7","author":"GeurtsvanKessel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.155483","article-title":"Duration of viral shedding and culture positivity with postvaccination SARS-CoV-2 delta variant infections","volume":"7","author":"Siedner","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16570","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2-specific serological and functional T cell immune responses during acute and early COVID-19 convalescence in solid organ transplant patients","volume":"21","author":"Fav\u00e0","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.12.029","article-title":"A comprehensive assessment of long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune memory in convalescent COVID-19 Solid Organ Transplant recipients","volume":"101","author":"Fav\u00e0","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.3390\/v13112261","article-title":"Robust and persistent B- and T-cell responses after COVID-19 in immunocompetent and solid organ transplant recipient patients","volume":"13","author":"Zavaglio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI140965","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses and correlations with COVID-19 patient predisposition","volume":"130","author":"Sattler","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16990","article-title":"Predictive factors of a viral neutralizing humoral response after a third dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine","volume":"22","author":"Charmetant","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abj1031","article-title":"Impaired humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients and dialysis patients","volume":"6","author":"Rincon-Arevalo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104833","article-title":"Hybrid and SARS-CoV-2-vaccine immunity in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"97","author":"Kared","year":"2023","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra033540","article-title":"Immunosupressive drugs for kidney transplantation","volume":"351","author":"Halloran","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020030348","article-title":"COVID-19 and calcineurin inhibitors: should they get left out in the storm","volume":"31","author":"Willicombe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.157836","article-title":"Temporary antimetabolite treatment hold boosts SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-specific humoral and cellular immunity in kidney transplant patients","volume":"7","author":"Schrezenmeier","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08155","article-title":"mTOR regulates memory CD8 T-cell differentiation","volume":"460","author":"Araki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15480","article-title":"Two-year outcomes in de novo renal transplant recipients receiving everolimus-facilitated calcineurin inhibitor reduction regimen from the TRANSFORM study","volume":"19","author":"Berger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B41","unstructured":"Living guidance for clinical management of COVID-19: Living Guidance"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010171","article-title":"Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 entry, inflammation and new therapeutics in human lung tissue cells","volume":"18","author":"Grau-Exp\u00f3sito","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/L21-0598","article-title":"Antibody response to a fourth messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine dose in kidney transplant recipients: A case series","volume":"175","author":"Caillard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2021.103561","article-title":"Evolution of antibody responses up to 13 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection and risk of reinfection","volume":"71","author":"Gallais","year":"2021","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-023-00814-5","article-title":"Evaluation of cellular immune response to adeno-associated virus-based gene therapy","volume":"25","author":"Gorovits","year":"2023","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6980.633","article-title":"RCalculating correlation coefficients with repeated observations: Part 2\u2014Correlation between subjects","volume":"310","author":"Bland","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI150175","article-title":"Impaired humoral and cellular immunity after SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 (tozinameran) prime-boost vaccination in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"131","author":"Sattler","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16615","article-title":"Reduced humoral response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients without prior exposure to the virus","volume":"21","author":"Grupper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16701","article-title":"Cellular and humoral response after MRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"21","author":"Cucchiari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.4385","article-title":"Immunogenicity of a single dose of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"325","author":"Boyarsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1270814","article-title":"Humoral antibody response following mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in solid organ transplant recipients; a status after a fifth and bivalent vaccine dose","volume":"14","author":"Christophorou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00638.x","article-title":"Minimization of immunosuppressive therapy after renal transplantation: results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Vanrenterghem","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12076","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after cyclosporine or mycophenolate withdrawal in kidney transplantation - results from an aborted trial","volume":"27","author":"Asberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.958520","article-title":"A prospective, randomized trial of single-drug versus dual-drug immunosupression in heart transplantation","volume":"4","author":"Baran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation: Heart Failure"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16563","article-title":"Preformed T cell alloimmunity and HLA eplet mismatch to guide immunosuppression minimization with tacrolimus monotherapy in kidney transplantation: Results of the CELLIMIN trial","volume":"21","author":"Bestard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2018010009","article-title":"Everolimus with reduced calcineurin inhibitor exposure in renal transplantation","volume":"29","author":"Pascual","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268ra179","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009892","article-title":"mTOR inhibition improves immune function in the elderly","volume":"6","author":"Mannick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1111569","article-title":"Role of mTOR inhibitor in the celular and humoral immune response to a booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"14","author":"P\u00e9rez-Flores","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1463769\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:28:20Z","timestamp":1728347300000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1463769\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1463769"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1463769","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]]},"article-number":"1463769"}}