{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T20:58:50Z","timestamp":1793134730064,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007210","name":"RWTH Aachen University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007210","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent demographic developments resulted in an aged society with a rising disease burden of systemic and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In cardiovascular disease (CVD), a NCD with high morbidity and mortality, recent preventive strategies include the investigation of comorbidities to reduce its significant economic burden. Periodontal disease, an oral bacterial-induced inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissue, is regulated in its prevalence and severity by the individual host response to a dysbiotic oral microbiota. Clinically, both NCDs are highly associated; however, shared risk factors such as smoking, obesity, type II diabetes mellitus and chronic stress represent only an insufficient explanation for the multifaceted interactions of both disease entities. Specifically, the crosstalk between both diseases is not yet fully understood. This review summarizes current knowledge on the clinical association of periodontitis and CVD, and elaborates on how periodontitis-induced pathophysiological mechanisms in patients may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk with focus on atherosclerosis. Clinical implications as well as current and future therapy considerations are discussed. Overall, this review supports novel scientific endeavors aiming at improving the quality of life with a comprehensive and integrated approach to improve well-being of the aging populations worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1469077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:10:26Z","timestamp":1733703026000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Crosstalk between periodontitis and cardiovascular risk"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Schulze-Sp\u00e4te","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludwig","family":"Wurschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emiel P. C.","family":"van der Vorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"H\u00f6lzle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rogerio B.","family":"Craveiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Noels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results","year":"2022"},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)\n          \n          \n          \n          2021"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3785","article-title":"Periodontitis: from microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B5","article-title":"Global oral health status report: towards universal health coverage for oral health by 2023","year":"2022"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520952401","article-title":"Periodontitis, edentulism, and risk of mortality: A systematic review with meta-analyses","volume":"100","author":"Romandini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.709438","article-title":"Periodontal inflammation and systemic diseases: an overview","volume":"12","author":"Martinez-Garcia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22092\/ari.2021.356596.1875","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis in the development of periodontitis: impact on dysbiosis and inflammation","volume":"77","author":"Gasmi Benahmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Razi Inst"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13751","article-title":"Mediterranean diet component oleic acid increases protective lipid mediators and improves trabecular bone in a Porphyromonas gingivalis inoculation model","volume":"50","author":"D\u00f6ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1213026","article-title":"Immunometabolic capacities of nutritional fatty acids in regulation of inflammatory bone cell interaction and systemic impact of periodontal infection","volume":"14","author":"D\u00f6ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S173","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.17-0721","article-title":"Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions","author":"Papapanou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13290","article-title":"Treatment of stage I\u2013III periodontitis\u2014The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline","volume":"47","author":"Sanz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontology"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034518805739","article-title":"The oral microbiota is modified by systemic diseases","volume":"98","author":"Graves","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12331","article-title":"Current understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis and targets for host-modulation therapy","volume":"84","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00488-6","article-title":"Local and systemic mechanisms linking periodontal disease and inflammatory comorbidities","volume":"21","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.22-0241","article-title":"Epidemiological and sociodemographic transitions of severe periodontitis incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years for 21 world regions and globally from 1990 to 2019: An age-period-cohort analysis","volume":"94","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13769","article-title":"Prevalence of periodontitis in dentate people between 2011 and 2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies","volume":"50","author":"Trindade","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12296","article-title":"The role of the microbiota in periodontal disease","volume":"83","author":"Curtis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S74","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.17-0719","article-title":"Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: Consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions","author":"Chapple","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2001.22250102.x","article-title":"Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease","volume":"25","author":"Kinane","year":"2001","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12362","article-title":"Microbial signatures of health, gingivitis, and periodontitis","volume":"86","author":"Abusleme","year":"2021","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13793","article-title":"Subgingival microbiome in periodontal health, gingivitis and different stages of periodontitis","volume":"50","author":"Iniesta","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12361","article-title":"The dental plaque biofilm matrix","volume":"86","author":"Jakubovics","year":"2021","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12509","article-title":"A practical guide to the oral microbiome and its relation to health and disease","volume":"23","author":"Krishnan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.136","article-title":"Characterization of the human immune cell network at the gingival barrier","volume":"9","author":"Dutzan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.08.005","article-title":"Tissue-specific immunity at the oral mucosal barrier","volume":"39","author":"Moutsopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"B27","article-title":"Pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal disease. A summary of current work","volume":"34","author":"Page","year":"1976","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12181","article-title":"Revisiting the Page & Schroeder model: the good, the bad and the unknowns in the periodontal host response 40 years later","volume":"75","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2014.09.002","article-title":"Transcellular biosynthesis of eicosanoid lipid mediators","volume":"1851","author":"Capra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1923","article-title":"Complement: a key system for immune surveillance and homeostasis","volume":"11","author":"Ricklin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060264","article-title":"Case definitions for use in population-based surveillance of periodontitis","volume":"78","author":"Page","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12473","article-title":"Periodontal microbiology and microbial etiology of periodontal diseases: Historical concepts and contemporary perspectives","author":"Belibasakis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56060272","article-title":"Periodontitis, low-grade inflammation and systemic health: A scoping review","volume":"56","author":"Cecoro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-016-0330-3","article-title":"Osteoporosis and periodontitis","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2012578118","article-title":"Human variation in gingival inflammation","volume":"118","author":"Bamashmous","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2342-y","article-title":"Periodontitis and diabetes: a two-way relationship","volume":"55","author":"Preshaw","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13336","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13336","article-title":"Papillon-Lefevre syndrome: Oral aspects and treatment","volume":"33","author":"Giannetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-019-0064-z","article-title":"The cytokine network involved in the host immune response to periodontitis","volume":"11","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17144923","article-title":"The role of matrix metalloproteinases in periodontal disease","volume":"17","author":"Checchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-020-01165-3","article-title":"RANKL and osteoimmunology in periodontitis","volume":"39","author":"Tsukasaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/615486","article-title":"Mechanisms of bone resorption in periodontitis","volume":"615486","author":"Hienz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol Res 2015"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-04-216085","article-title":"Evidence for a cross-talk between human neutrophils and Th17 cells","volume":"115","author":"Pelletier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01307","article-title":"Distinct profiles of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators and corresponding receptor gene expression in periodontal inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Ferguson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.20-0088","article-title":"Shifting the paradigm from inhibitors of inflammation to resolvers of inflammation in periodontitis","author":"Van Dyke","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Periodontol 91 Suppl 1(Suppl"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.115.305324","article-title":"Resolvin E1 (RvE1) attenuates atherosclerotic plaque formation in diet and inflammation-induced atherogenesis","volume":"35","author":"Hasturk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30374-9","article-title":"PI(18:1\/18:1) is a SCD1-derived lipokine that limits stress signaling","volume":"13","author":"Th\u00fcrmer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2538","article-title":"Atherosclerosis: current pathogenesis and therapeutic options","volume":"17","author":"Weber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00198-1","article-title":"Targeting inflammation in atherosclerosis - from experimental insights to the clinic","volume":"20","author":"Soehnlein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discovery"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.929078","article-title":"Research progress on Th17 and T regulatory cells and their cytokines in regulating atherosclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mol.0000000000000440","article-title":"Mechanisms of erosion of atherosclerotic plaques","volume":"28","author":"Quillard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2016.166","article-title":"Temporal shifts in clinical presentation and underlying mechanisms of atherosclerotic disease","volume":"14","author":"Pasterkamp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.0069","article-title":"New insights into plaque erosion as a mechanism of acute coronary syndromes","volume":"325","author":"Kolte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.117.310694","article-title":"Flow perturbation mediates neutrophil recruitment and potentiates endothelial injury via TLR2 in mice: implications for superficial erosion","volume":"121","author":"Franck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.123.321752","article-title":"Endothelial cell dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"132","author":"Baaten","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfad085","article-title":"Cardiomyopathy in chronic kidney disease: clinical features, biomarkers and the contribution of murine models in understanding pathophysiology","volume":"16","author":"Junho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.123.322806","article-title":"Increased risk of cardiovascular complications in chronic kidney disease: introduction to a compendium","volume":"132","author":"Noels","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.122.321749","article-title":"Innate immunity system in patients with cardiovascular and kidney disease","volume":"132","author":"Zoccali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01965-7","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction","volume":"22","author":"An","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.03.029","article-title":"Adipose tissue macrophages promote myelopoiesis and monocytosis in obesity","volume":"19","author":"Nagareddy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.07.050","article-title":"Dietary intake regulates the circulating inflammatory monocyte pool","volume":"178","author":"Jordan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.120.315936","article-title":"Modifiable cardiovascular risk, hematopoiesis, and innate immunity","volume":"126","author":"Schloss","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3589","article-title":"Chronic variable stress activates hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"20","author":"Heidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.12.013","article-title":"Western diet triggers NLRP3-dependent innate immune reprogramming","volume":"172","author":"Christ","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13189","article-title":"Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: Consensus report","volume":"47","author":"Sanz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.115.020324","article-title":"Periodontitis increases the risk of a first myocardial infarction: A report from the PAROKRANK study","volume":"133","author":"Ryd\u00e9n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.336","article-title":"Risk of incident cardiovascular disease in people with periodontal disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Larvin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dent Res"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290545","article-title":"Periodontal disease and subsequent risk of cardiovascular outcome and all-cause mortality: A meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"18","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.930112","article-title":"Periodontitis and number of teeth in the risk of coronary heart disease: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12663","article-title":"Tooth loss and periodontal status in patients with cardiovascular disease in the Serbian population: A randomized prospective study","volume":"21","author":"Pejcic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Dent Hyg"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487314530660","article-title":"Periodontal disease in patients with chronic coronary heart disease: Prevalence and association with cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"22","author":"Vedin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2022.05.028","article-title":"Association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (from the NHANES)","volume":"178","author":"Sumayin Ngamdu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12626","article-title":"Periodontal condition in Japanese coronary heart disease patients: A comparison between coronary and non-coronary heart diseases","volume":"54","author":"Aoyama","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12126","article-title":"Periodontitis and bone metabolism in patients with advanced heart failure and after heart transplantation","volume":"4","author":"Schulze-Sp\u00e4te","year":"2017","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0106-z","article-title":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Libby","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098271","article-title":"Dissemination of periodontal pathogens in the bloodstream after periodontal procedures: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Horliana","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15486","article-title":"Mechanisms of vascular damage by systemic dissemination of the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis","volume":"288","author":"Farrugia","year":"2021","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.709438","article-title":"Periodontal inflammation and systemic diseases: an overview","volume":"12","author":"Martinez-Garcia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000155018.67835.1a","article-title":"Human atherosclerotic plaque contains viable invasive Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis","volume":"25","author":"Kozarov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02373.x","article-title":"Impact of monocytic cells on recovery of uncultivable bacteria from atherosclerotic lesions","volume":"270","author":"Rafferty","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097811","article-title":"Active invasion of oral and aortic tissues by Porphyromonas gingivalis in mice causally links periodontitis and atherosclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Velsko","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jom.v6.23408","article-title":"Bacteria and bacterial DNA in atherosclerotic plaque and aneurysmal wall biopsies from patients with and without periodontitis","volume":"6","author":"Armingohar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-024-00301-3","article-title":"Unveiling the oral-gut connection: chronic apical periodontitis accelerates atherosclerosis via gut microbiota dysbiosis and altered metabolites in apoE(-\/-) Mice on a high-fat diet","volume":"16","author":"Gan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.695227","article-title":"An explorative study on monocyte reprogramming in the context of periodontitis in vitro and in vivo","volume":"12","author":"Noz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12473","article-title":"Longitudinal effects of systemic inflammation markers on periodontitis","volume":"42","author":"Pink","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10520295.2014.918280","article-title":"A study of C-reactive protein, lipid metabolism and peripheral blood to identify a link between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease","volume":"89","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biotech Histochem"},{"key":"B86","first-page":"97","article-title":"Periodontal disease in acute coronary syndrome patients","volume":"34","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"B87","article-title":"The effect of periodontal treatment on IL-6 production of peripheral blood monocytes in aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis patients","volume":"5","author":"Radvar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Iran J Immunol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090510","article-title":"Salivary interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinase-8, and osteoprotegerin in patients with periodontitis and diabetes","volume":"81","author":"Costa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2011.01867.x","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in oral diseases: a review","volume":"18","author":"Nibali","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw024","article-title":"Residual inflammatory risk: addressing the obverse side of the atherosclerosis prevention coin","volume":"37","author":"Ridker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(09)61717-7","article-title":"C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis","volume":"375","author":"Kaptoge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz542","article-title":"Residual inflammatory risk associated with interleukin-18 and interleukin-6 after successful interleukin-1\u03b2 inhibition with canakinumab: further rationale for the development of targeted anti-cytokine therapies for the treatment of atherothrombosis","volume":"41","author":"Ridker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2020\/46072.14296","article-title":"Role of serum amyloid A (SAA) protein in various diseases with special reference to periodontal and periapical inflammation-A review","volume":"14","author":"Basheer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0050","article-title":"The interaction between serum amyloid A and Toll-like receptor 2 pathway regulates inflammatory cytokine secretion in human gingival fibroblasts","volume":"91","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Periodontology"},{"key":"B95","article-title":"Asociaci\u00f3n entre niveles patol\u00f3gicos de amiloide A s\u00e9rico y periodontitis","volume":"20","author":"Ardila Medina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Archivo M\u00e9dico Camag\u00fcey"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05269-8","article-title":"Clinical diagnostic value of IL-14, 1L-16 and SAA in periodontitis","volume":"27","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investigations"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2015.45.1.14","article-title":"Comparison of serum amyloid A protein and C-reactive protein levels as inflammatory markers in periodontitis","volume":"45","author":"Ardila","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Periodontal Implant Sci"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12625","article-title":"Fetuin-A, serum amyloid A and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in periodontal health and disease","volume":"23","author":"T\u00fcrer \u00c7","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7150509","article-title":"Serum amyloid A promotes E-Selectin expression via toll-Like receptor 2 in human aortic endothelial cells","volume":"2016","author":"Nishida","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediators Inflammation"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.9.2.425-432.2002","article-title":"Systemic inflammation in cardiovascular and periodontal disease: comparative study","volume":"9","author":"Glurich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mol.0000000000000331","article-title":"Serum amyloid A and atherosclerosis","volume":"27","author":"Getz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mol.0000000000000616","article-title":"Role of serum amyloid A in atherosclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Shridas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-020-00901-4","article-title":"High-density lipoproteins and serum amyloid A (SAA)","volume":"23","author":"Webb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1503","article-title":"Immunological link between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes deciphered by single-cell RNA analysis","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Transl Med"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425915589387","article-title":"Peripheral blood neutrophil cytokine hyper-reactivity in chronic periodontitis","volume":"21","author":"Ling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Innate Immun"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13027","article-title":"Chronic periodontitis impairs polymorphonuclear leucocyte-endothelium cell interactions and oxidative stress in humans","volume":"45","author":"Martinez-Herrera","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.2.219","article-title":"Constitutionally hyperreactive neutrophils in periodontitis","volume":"74","author":"Fredriksson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.8.5775","article-title":"Periodontitis associates with a type 1 IFN signature in peripheral blood neutrophils","volume":"181","author":"Wright","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201053","article-title":"Microbial carriage state of peripheral blood dendritic cells (DCs) in chronic periodontitis influences DC differentiation, atherogenic potential","volume":"189","author":"Carrion","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01157-13","article-title":"Secondary lymphoid organ homing phenotype of human myeloid dendritic cells disrupted by an intracellular oral pathogen","volume":"82","author":"Miles","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02286","article-title":"Disruption of Immune Homeostasis in Human Dendritic Cells via Regulation of Autophagy and Apoptosis by Porphyromonas gingivalis","volume":"10","author":"Meghil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12792","article-title":"Serum lipid levels in patients with periodontal disease: A meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"44","author":"Nepomuceno","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20181665","article-title":"Modified lipoproteins in periodontitis: a link to cardiovascular disease","volume":"39","author":"Ljunggren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2020.07.019","article-title":"Lipoproteins and lipids in cardiovascular disease: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic targeting","volume":"159","author":"Soppert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Drug Delivery Rev"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00423-5","article-title":"Lipoproteins and fatty acids in chronic kidney disease: molecular and metabolic alterations","volume":"17","author":"Noels","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00837-x","article-title":"Post-translational modifications in kidney diseases and associated cardiovascular risk","volume":"20","author":"Noels","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz201","article-title":"Periodontitis is associated with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"116","author":"Mu\u00f1oz Aguilera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13311","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17363-0","article-title":"The relationship between tooth loss and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Tada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2017.170023","article-title":"Periodontitis and endothelial dysfunction: periodontal clinical parameters and levels of salivary markers interleukin-1\u03b2, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, matrix metalloproteinase-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 complex, and nitric oxide","volume":"88","author":"Moura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3278351","article-title":"Association between periodontitis and carotid artery calcification: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2021","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12467","article-title":"Periodontitis and arterial stiffness: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Schmitt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03718-2","article-title":"Association between periodontitis and pulse wave velocity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Darnaud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10121022","article-title":"Periodontitis and tooth loss have negative systemic impact on circulating progenitor cell levels: A clinical study","volume":"10","author":"Isola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000437098","article-title":"Homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction","volume":"67","author":"Lai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2018-0112","article-title":"Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems","volume":"96","author":"Djuric","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11060875","article-title":"Periodontal inflamed surface area mediates the link between homocysteine and blood pressure","volume":"11","author":"Botelho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2012.04.017","article-title":"Periodontopathogens induce expression of CD40L on human platelets via TLR2 and TLR4","volume":"130","author":"Assinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022600","article-title":"Soluble CD40 ligand in acute coronary syndromes","volume":"348","author":"Heeschen","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3754","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23909-z","article-title":"Cell-specific and divergent roles of the CD40L-CD40 axis in atherosclerotic vascular disease","volume":"12","author":"Lacy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ndt.S177726","article-title":"Evaluation of plasma levels of neopterin and soluble CD40 ligand in patients with acute ischemic stroke in upper Egypt: can they surrogate the severity and functional outcome","volume":"15","author":"Tony","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-017-1516-y","article-title":"Platelet-related biomarkers and their response to inhibition with aspirin and p2y(12)-receptor antagonists in patients with acute coronary syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Lowenstern","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12336","article-title":"Platelet and neutrophil responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in human whole blood","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.105","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease","volume":"18","author":"Papayannopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2011.01451.x","article-title":"Extracellular deoxyribonuclease production by periodontal bacteria","volume":"47","author":"Palmer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103125","article-title":"Cell wall-anchored nuclease of Streptococcus sanguinis contributes to escape from neutrophil extracellular trap-mediated bacteriocidal activity","volume":"9","author":"Morita","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12171","article-title":"Nucleases from Prevotella intermedia can degrade neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"32","author":"Doke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01704-18","article-title":"A secreted bacterial peptidylarginine deiminase can neutralize human innate immune defenses","volume":"9","author":"Stobernack","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20112322","article-title":"Monocytes, neutrophils, and platelets cooperate to initiate and propagate venous thrombosis in mice in vivo","volume":"209","author":"von Br\u00fchl","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020559","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps and their implications in cardiovascular and inflammatory disease","volume":"22","author":"Klopf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13020468","article-title":"Extracellular DNA and markers of neutrophil extracellular traps in saliva from patients with periodontitis-A case-control study","volume":"13","author":"Kovalcikova","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12628","article-title":"Peripheral blood neutrophil extracellular trap production and degradation in chronic periodontitis","volume":"43","author":"White","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425919889392","article-title":"Periodontal therapy increases neutrophil extracellular trap degradation","volume":"26","author":"Moonen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Innate Immun"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143291","article-title":"Polymicrobial oral infection with four periodontal bacteria orchestrates a distinct inflammatory response and atherosclerosis in apoE null mice","volume":"10","author":"Chukkapalli","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2022.12789","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia is necessary for the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis by severe periodontitis in mice","volume":"26","author":"Suh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.71.10.6012-6018.2003","article-title":"Role for periodontitis in the progression of lipid deposition in an animal model","volume":"71","author":"Jain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000167525.69400.9c","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteremia induces coronary and aortic atherosclerosis in normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic pigs","volume":"25","author":"Brodala","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13128","article-title":"Study on the effect of periodontitis on renal tissue in atherosclerotic mice","volume":"58","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad045","article-title":"Periodontitis exacerbates atherosclerosis through Fusobacterium nucleatum-promoted hepatic glycolysis and lipogenesis","volume":"119","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020240","article-title":"Chronic oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis accelerates atheroma formation by shifting the lipid profile","volume":"6","author":"Maekawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05171","article-title":"Periodontitis-activated monocytes\/macrophages cause aortic inflammation","volume":"4","author":"Miyajima","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2013.03.009","article-title":"Experimental periodontitis promotes transient vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction","volume":"58","author":"Brito","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.119.315502","article-title":"BMAL1-downregulation aggravates porphyromonas gingivalis-induced atherosclerosis by encouraging oxidative stress","volume":"126","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58374-z","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis triggers the shedding of inflammatory endothelial microvesicles that act as autocrine effectors of endothelial dysfunction","volume":"10","author":"Bugueno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17796","article-title":"RhoA\/ROCK1 regulates the mitochondrial dysfunction through Drp1 induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis in endothelial cells","volume":"27","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2023.105181","article-title":"Imbalance of helper T cell subtypes and adipokine secretion in perivascular adipose tissue as a trigger of atherosclerosis in chronic Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 infection","volume":"25","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612566","article-title":"GV1001 inhibits the severity of the ligature-induced periodontitis and the vascular lipid deposition associated with the periodontitis in mice","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6383","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-63350-8","article-title":"Rosuvastatin prevents the exacerbation of atherosclerosis in ligature-induced periodontal disease mouse model","volume":"10","author":"Suh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00596","article-title":"LOX-1 regulates P. gingivalis-induced monocyte migration and adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3792","article-title":"Oxidative stress and lectin-like ox-LDL-receptor LOX-1 in atherogenesis and tumorigenesis","volume":"15","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03183-9","article-title":"A systematic review of the impact of Porphyromonas gingivalis on foam cell formation: Implications for the role of periodontitis in atherosclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Afzoon","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211008811","article-title":"Periodontal pathogens promote foam cell formation by blocking lipid efflux","volume":"100","author":"Rho","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.03.043","article-title":"Maladaptive innate immune training of myelopoiesis links inflammatory comorbidities","volume":"185","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1164499","article-title":"DNA methylation changes underlie the long-term association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","volume":"10","author":"Omar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.820535","article-title":"Experimental periodontitis deteriorated atherosclerosis associated with trimethylamine N-Oxide metabolism in mice","volume":"11","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci72331","article-title":"The contributory role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease","volume":"124","author":"Tang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.656372","article-title":"Periodontitis exacerbates and promotes the progression of chronic kidney disease through oral flora, cytokines, and oxidative stress","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13950","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14260-9","article-title":"Periodontal pathogenic bacteria, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans affect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by altering gut microbiota and glucose metabolism","volume":"7","author":"Komazaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.106","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: a tale of two common interrelated diseases","volume":"7","author":"Lalla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13639","article-title":"Treatment of stage IV periodontitis: The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline","author":"Herrera","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa063186","article-title":"Treatment of periodontitis and endothelial function","volume":"356","author":"Tonetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz646","article-title":"Causal association between periodontitis and hypertension: evidence from Mendelian randomization and a randomized controlled trial of non-surgical periodontal therapy","volume":"40","author":"Czesnikiewicz-Guzik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2019.08.012","article-title":"Treating periodontal disease in patients with myocardial infarction: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"71","author":"Lobo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41432-021-0157-3","article-title":"Can treatment of severe periodontitis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction improve endothelial function","volume":"22","author":"Gugnani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12909","article-title":"Periodontal therapy and endothelial function in coronary artery disease: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Saffi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257247","article-title":"Effect of advanced periodontal self-care in patients with early-stage periodontal diseases on endothelial function: An open-label, randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Okada","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130807","article-title":"Major adverse cardiovascular events in treated periodontitis: A population-based follow-up study from Taiwan","volume":"10","author":"Chou","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.090741","article-title":"The effect of periodontal treatment on serum leptin, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein","volume":"81","author":"Shimada","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01942.x","article-title":"Non-surgical periodontal therapy reduces coronary heart disease risk markers: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"39","author":"Bokhari","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.110227","article-title":"Effects of periodontal therapy on systemic markers of inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome: a controlled clinical trial","volume":"83","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12290","article-title":"The effect of periodontal therapy on cardiovascular risk markers: a 6-month randomized clinical trial","volume":"41","author":"Ca\u00fala","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13085","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of the effect of periodontal treatment on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with stable coronary artery disease: Preliminary findings of 3 months","volume":"46","author":"Montenegro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14131","article-title":"Impact of periodontal therapy on systemic markers of inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"22","author":"Montero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2017.160447","article-title":"Effect of intensive periodontal therapy on blood pressure and endothelial microparticles in patients with prehypertension and periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"88","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707914","article-title":"Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease","volume":"377","author":"Ridker","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-022-00621-9","article-title":"Targeting innate immunity-driven inflammation in CKD and cardiovascular disease","volume":"18","author":"Speer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00511","article-title":"The nexus between periodontal inflammation and dysbiosis","volume":"511","author":"Van Dyke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol 11"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.781378","article-title":"Immunomodulation in the treatment of periodontitis: progress and perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-03990-2","article-title":"The role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as adjuncts to periodontal treatment and in periodontal regeneration","volume":"21","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Transl Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1469077\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:10:33Z","timestamp":1733703033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1469077\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"references-count":188,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1469077"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1469077","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"article-number":"1469077"}}