{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:57:52Z","timestamp":1753891072275,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests that psoriasis and periodontitis are linked via systemic inflammation. However, the role of angiogenesis as an additional connecting mechanism between these diseases remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case control study explored the effect of psoriasis on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in patients with different stages of periodontitis. Thirty-one patients with psoriasis (P) and thirty healthy controls (C) underwent physical and intraoral evaluations, with diagnoses confirmed by dermatologists and periodontists. GCF VEGF-A was measured using a multiplex-bead immunoassay. Statistical analyses included Fisher exact tests, Student\u2019s T-tests, linear regression models, and mediation analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psoriasis patients had significantly lower GCF VEGF-A levels compared to controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.008). Psoriasis was negatively associated with GCF VEGF-A (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.006), while severe periodontitis was positively associated with GCF VEGF-A levels, regardless of tobacco use (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.027). Further analyses revealed that severe periodontitis significantly increased GCF VEGF-A levels only in the C group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.038), but not in psoriasis patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&amp;gt;0.610). Mediation analyses confirmed a significant direct and total effect of psoriasis on GCF VEGF-A (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&amp;gt;0.002), with no significant indirect effect through periodontitis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.699).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psoriasis and severe periodontitis are associated with GCF levels of VEGF-A in opposite and independent ways. In subjects with psoriasis, the impact of the dermatosis is direct with no mediation from periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1477587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T04:39:47Z","timestamp":1729744787000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Direct impact of psoriasis on gingival crevicular fluid levels of VEGF-A in periodontitis patients: a mediation analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Constanza","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan 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