{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T17:51:27Z","timestamp":1792950687244,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have surpassed cancer as significant global health challenges, which mainly include atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemia stroke. The inflammatory response immediately following these diseases profoundly impacts patient prognosis and recovery. Efficient resolution of inflammation is crucial not only for halting the inflammatory process but also for restoring tissue homeostasis. Efferocytosis, the phagocytic clearance of dying cells by phagocytes, especially microglia and macrophages, plays a critical role in this resolution process. Upon tissue injury, phagocytes are recruited to the site of damage where they engulf and clear dying cells through efferocytosis. Efferocytosis suppresses the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, stimulates the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, modulates the phenotype of microglia and macrophages, accelerates the resolution of inflammation, and promotes tissue repair. It involves three main stages: recognition, engulfment, and degradation of dying cells. Optimal removal of apoptotic cargo by phagocytes requires finely tuned machinery and associated modifications. Key molecules in efferocytosis, such as \u2018Find-me signals\u2019, \u2018Eat-me signals\u2019, and \u2018Don\u2019t eat-me signals\u2019, have been shown to enhance efferocytosis following cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Moreover, various additional molecules, pathways, and mitochondrial metabolic processes have been identified to enhance prognosis and outcomes via efferocytosis in diverse experimental models. Impaired efferocytosis can lead to inflammation-associated pathologies and prolonged recovery periods. Therefore, this review consolidates current understanding of efferocytosis mechanisms and its application in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, proposing future research directions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1485222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T05:11:01Z","timestamp":1732597861000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Efferocytosis: the resolution of inflammation in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Bingtao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixuan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shujuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0232-1","article-title":"The clearance of dead cells by efferocytosis","volume":"21","author":"Boada-Romero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-024-01037-7","article-title":"Efferocytosis in atherosclerosis","volume":"21","author":"Adkar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3253","article-title":"Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in homeostasis","volume":"16","author":"Arandjelovic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.790201","article-title":"The role of microglial phagocytosis in ischemic stroke","volume":"12","author":"Jia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08780","article-title":"Circulating mitochondrial DAMPs cause inflammatory responses to injury","volume":"464","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13085","article-title":"Nucleotide signalling during inflammation","volume":"509","author":"Idzko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06494.x","article-title":"C1q enhances microglial clearance of apoptotic neurons and neuronal blebs, and modulates subsequent inflammatory cytokine production","volume":"112","author":"Fraser","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601520","article-title":"Efferocytosis signaling in the regulation of macrophage inflammatory responses","volume":"198","author":"Elliott","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.01.001","article-title":"Macrophage metabolism of apoptotic cell-derived arginine promotes continual efferocytosis and resolution of injury","volume":"31","author":"Yurdagul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00553","article-title":"Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in resolution of inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Kourtzelis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2019.07.006","article-title":"Efferocytosis and atherosclerosis: regulation of phagocyte function by microRNAs","volume":"30","author":"Tajbakhsh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00470-y","article-title":"Drugging the efferocytosis process: concepts and opportunities","volume":"21","author":"Mehrotra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discovery"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.04.018","article-title":"Living on the edge: efferocytosis at the interface of homeostasis and pathology","volume":"50","author":"Morioka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00909","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory mechanisms triggered by apoptotic cells during their clearance","volume":"8","author":"Szondy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-019-0146-x","article-title":"Three cell deaths and a funeral: macrophage clearance of cells undergoing distinct modes of cell death","volume":"5","author":"Kloditz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Death Discovery"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-06-162404","article-title":"CX3CL1\/fractalkine is released from apoptotic lymphocytes to stimulate macrophage chemotaxis","volume":"112","author":"Truman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00422-7","article-title":"Apoptotic cells induce migration of phagocytes via caspase-3-mediated release of a lipid attraction signal","volume":"113","author":"Lauber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M706586200","article-title":"Migration to apoptotic \u201cfind-me\u201d signals is mediated via the phagocyte receptor G2A","volume":"283","author":"Peter","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-107169","article-title":"Apoptosis induces expression of sphingosine kinase 1 to release sphingosine-1-phosphate as a \u201ccome-and-get-me\u201d signal","volume":"22","author":"Gude","year":"2008","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-04-014852","article-title":"Apoptotic cells promote macrophage survival by releasing the antiapoptotic mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate","volume":"108","author":"Weigert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2016.13","article-title":"Do not let death do us part: \u2018find-me\u2019 signals in communication between dying cells and the phagocytes","volume":"23","author":"Medina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2006.02.003","article-title":"Phosphatidylserine recognition by phagocytes: a view to a kill","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09413","article-title":"Pannexin 1 channels mediate \u2018find-me\u2019 signal release and membrane permeability during apoptosis","volume":"467","author":"Chekeni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09553000701481808","article-title":"Integrins: signaling, disease, and therapy","volume":"83","author":"Huveneers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1236758","article-title":"Xk-related protein 8 and CED-8 promote phosphatidylserine exposure in apoptotic cells","volume":"341","author":"Suzuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.02.003","article-title":"Efferocytosis in atherosclerotic lesions: Malfunctioning regulatory pathways and control mechanisms","volume":"188","author":"Tajbakhsh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abe7915","article-title":"CD300a blockade enhances efferocytosis by infiltrating myeloid cells and ameliorates neuronal deficit after ischemic stroke","volume":"6","author":"Nakahashi-Oda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20060370","article-title":"Oxidized phosphatidylserine-CD36 interactions play an essential role in macrophage-dependent phagocytosis of apoptotic cells","volume":"203","author":"Greenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.107893","article-title":"Resolving inflammation by TAM receptor activation","volume":"227","author":"Vago","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.01.007","article-title":"Effect of soluble cleavage products of important receptors\/ligands on efferocytosis: Their role in inflammatory, autoimmune and cardiovascular disease","volume":"50","author":"Tajbakhsh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0249-1","article-title":"DEL-1 promotes macrophage efferocytosis and clearance of inflammation","volume":"20","author":"Kourtzelis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01521","article-title":"Requirement of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid modification and phosphatidylserine binding for the activation of tyro3, axl, and mertk receptors by growth arrest-specific 6","volume":"8","author":"Geng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M704990200","article-title":"Beta-2-glycoprotein 1-dependent macrophage uptake of apoptotic cells. Binding to lipoprotein receptor-related protein receptor family members","volume":"283","author":"Maiti","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502532","article-title":"Activated microglia desialylate and phagocytose cells via neuraminidase, galectin-3, and mer tyrosine kinase","volume":"198","author":"Nomura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI77014","article-title":"Annexin1 regulates DC efferocytosis and cross-presentation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"125","author":"Tzelepis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120142","article-title":"The interaction between signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha) and CD47: structure, function, and therapeutic target","volume":"32","author":"Barclay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.04.011","article-title":"The CD47-SIRPalpha immune checkpoint","volume":"52","author":"Logtenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1456-0","article-title":"CD24 signalling through macrophage Siglec-10 is a target for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"572","author":"Barkal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3607","article-title":"Apoptotic cell clearance: basic biology and therapeutic potential","volume":"14","author":"Poon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M506579200","article-title":"CD46 plays a key role in tailoring innate immune recognition of apoptotic and necrotic cells","volume":"280","author":"Elward","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2014.07.070","article-title":"The mechanism of phagocytosis: two stages of engulfment","volume":"107","author":"Richards","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200207070","article-title":"Regulation of Rac1 activation by the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein","volume":"159","author":"Ma","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06329","article-title":"BAI1 is an engulfment receptor for apoptotic cells upstream of the ELMO\/Dock180\/Rac module","volume":"450","author":"Park","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb824","article-title":"Unconventional Rac-GEF activity is mediated through the Dock180-ELMO complex","volume":"4","author":"Brugnera","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2012.166","article-title":"SCAR\/WAVE-mediated processing of engulfed apoptotic corpses is essential for effective macrophage migration in Drosophila","volume":"20","author":"Evans","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.631714","article-title":"Cellular responses to the efferocytosis of apoptotic cells","volume":"12","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.06.043","article-title":"Rab conversion as a mechanism of progression from early to late endosomes","volume":"122","author":"Rink","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.6.3745","article-title":"Selective membrane recruitment of EEA1 suggests a role in directional transport of clathrin-coated vesicles to early endosomes","volume":"275","author":"Rubino","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.23.7.2501-2514.2003","article-title":"Modulation of Rab5 and Rab7 recruitment to phagosomes by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase","volume":"23","author":"Vieira","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200107069","article-title":"Distinct roles of class I and class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases in phagosome formation and maturation","volume":"155","author":"Vieira","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.23.18.6494-6506.2003","article-title":"Phagosomes fuse with late endosomes and\/or lysosomes by extension of membrane protrusions along microtubules: role of Rab7 and RILP","volume":"23","author":"Harrison","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e05-03-0189","article-title":"The oxysterol-binding protein homologue ORP1L interacts with Rab7 and alters functional properties of late endocytic compartments","volume":"16","author":"Johansson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.03.003","article-title":"How nascent phagosomes mature to become phagolysosomes","volume":"33","author":"Fairn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600427","article-title":"TI-VAMP\/VAMP7 is required for optimal phagocytosis of opsonised particles in macrophages","volume":"23","author":"Braun","year":"2004","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1113421108","article-title":"Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3)-associated phagocytosis is required for the efficient clearance of dead cells","volume":"108","author":"Martinez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2017.08.012","article-title":"LC3-associated phagocytosis and inflammation","volume":"429","author":"Heckmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.222984","article-title":"Correction: LC3-associated phagocytosis at a glance","volume":"132","author":"Heckmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.2018.285.issue-8","article-title":"Rubicon: LC3-associated phagocytosis and beyond","volume":"285","author":"Wong","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025684","article-title":"The role of efferocytosis in atherosclerosis","volume":"135","author":"Kojima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI90520","article-title":"MerTK receptor cleavage promotes plaque necrosis and defective resolution in atherosclerosis","volume":"127","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.167197","article-title":"Mertk receptor mutation reduces efferocytosis efficiency and promotes apoptotic cell accumulation and plaque necrosis in atherosclerotic lesions of apoe-\/- mice","volume":"28","author":"Thorp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI94735","article-title":"CAMKIIgamma suppresses an efferocytosis pathway in macrophages and promotes atherosclerotic plaque necrosis","volume":"127","author":"Doran","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031702","article-title":"Deletion of macrophage low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) accelerates atherosclerosis regression and increases C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) expression in plaque macrophages","volume":"138","author":"Mueller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.202051","article-title":"Macrophage LRP-1 controls plaque cellularity by regulating efferocytosis and Akt activation","volume":"30","author":"Yancey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.115.306860","article-title":"Blockade of tim-1 and tim-4 enhances atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice","volume":"36","author":"Foks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M056689","article-title":"Macrophage SR-BI mediates efferocytosis via Src\/PI3K\/Rac1 signaling and reduces atherosclerotic lesion necrosis","volume":"56","author":"Tao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04966-8","article-title":"Novel role for caspase 1 inhibitor VX765 in suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and atherosclerosis via promoting mitophagy and efferocytosis","volume":"13","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI145275","article-title":"Deficiency of macrophage PHACTR1 impairs efferocytosis and promotes atherosclerotic plaque necrosis","volume":"131","author":"Kasikara","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.123.324086","article-title":"CNP ameliorates macrophage inflammatory response and atherosclerosis","volume":"134","author":"Bao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.121.317204","article-title":"Macrophage ALDH2 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) stabilizing rac2 is required for efferocytosis internalization and reduction of atherosclerosis development","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbbaha.122.317049","article-title":"2021 Jeffrey M. Hoeg award lecture: defining the role of efferocytosis in cardiovascular disease: A focus on the CD47 (Cluster of differentiation 47) axis","volume":"42","author":"Jarr","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-019-0370-1","article-title":"Resolvin D1 promotes the targeting and clearance of necroptotic cells","volume":"27","author":"Gerlach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.320704","article-title":"Myeloid cell PKM2 deletion enhances efferocytosis and reduces atherosclerosis","volume":"130","author":"Doddapattar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.315622","article-title":"ODC (Ornithine decarboxylase)-dependent putrescine synthesis maintains merTK (MER tyrosine-protein kinase) expression to drive resolution","volume":"41","author":"Yurdagul","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.316461","article-title":"Regulatory T cells license macrophage pro-resolving functions during atherosclerosis regression","volume":"127","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.06.026","article-title":"Cell-autonomous regulation of complement C3 by factor H limits macrophage efferocytosis and exacerbates atherosclerosis","volume":"56","author":"Kiss","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301198","article-title":"Enhanced efferocytosis of apoptotic cardiomyocytes through myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase links acute inflammation resolution to cardiac repair after infarction","volume":"113","author":"Wan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.315865","article-title":"S100A9 links inflammation and repair in myocardial infarction","volume":"127","author":"Marinkovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057549","article-title":"Cardiac resident macrophage-derived legumain improves cardiac repair by promoting clearance and degradation of apoptotic cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction","volume":"145","author":"Jia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI159498","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in macrophages promotes inflammation and suppresses repair after myocardial infarction","volume":"133","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.12.004","article-title":"Efferocytosis fuels requirements of fatty acid oxidation and the electron transport chain to polarize macrophages for tissue repair","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.173832","article-title":"Macrophage-enriched Sectm1a promotes efficient efferocytosis to attenuate ischemia\/reperfusion-induced cardiac injury","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.311327","article-title":"MerTK cleavage on resident cardiac macrophages compromises repair after myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury","volume":"121","author":"DeBerge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2303267","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202303267","article-title":"Genetically engineered macrophages co-loaded with CD47 inhibitors synergistically reconstruct efferocytosis and improve cardiac remodeling post myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury","volume":"13","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Healthc Mater"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014397","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells promote the resolution of cardiac inflammation after ischemia reperfusion via enhancing efferocytosis of neutrophils","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1524292113","article-title":"MerTK cleavage limits proresolving mediator biosynthesis and exacerbates tissue inflammation","volume":"113","author":"Cai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.169078","article-title":"Defective mer receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in bone marrow cells promotes apoptotic cell accumulation and accelerates atherosclerosis","volume":"28","author":"Ait-Oufella","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1409-4","article-title":"LncRNA MIAT sponges miR-149-5p to inhibit efferocytosis in advanced atherosclerosis through CD47 upregulation","volume":"10","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.4.1663","article-title":"Cutting edge: lipoxins rapidly stimulate nonphlogistic phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"164","author":"Godson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.03.012","article-title":"12(S)-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid downregulates monocyte-derived macrophage efferocytosis: New insights in atherosclerosis","volume":"144","author":"Manega","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.07.015","article-title":"Regulatory T cells promote macrophage efferocytosis during inflammation resolution","volume":"49","author":"Proto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00551-7","article-title":"Macrophages use apoptotic cell-derived methionine and DNMT3A during efferocytosis to promote tissue resolution","volume":"4","author":"Ampomah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.103992","article-title":"Inflammation and resolution signaling in cardiac repair and heart failure","volume":"79","author":"Halade","year":"2022","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.313115","article-title":"Mechanism of enhanced merTK-dependent macrophage efferocytosis by extracellular vesicles","volume":"39","author":"de Couto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI95612","article-title":"Erythrocyte efferocytosis modulates macrophages towards recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"128","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2010.08.001","article-title":"Preclinical and clinical research on inflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"92","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16658490","article-title":"Recombinant Gas6 augments Axl and facilitates immune restoration in an intracerebral hemorrhage mouse model","volume":"37","author":"Tong","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22528","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to poor outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"70","author":"Sansing","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400054","article-title":"CD36-mediated hematoma absorption following intracerebral hemorrhage: negative regulation by TLR4 signaling","volume":"192","author":"Fang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2022.03.011","article-title":"Soluble Trem2 is a negative regulator of erythrophagocytosis after intracerebral hemorrhage in a CD36 receptor recycling manner","volume":"44","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.06.003","article-title":"Brain CD47 expression in a swine model of intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"1574","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.010920","article-title":"Role of erythrocyte CD47 in intracerebral hematoma clearance","volume":"47","author":"Ni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2018497117","article-title":"IL-4\/STAT6 signaling facilitates innate hematoma resolution and neurological recovery after hemorrhagic stroke in mice","volume":"117","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.02.001","article-title":"Microglia-derived interleukin-10 accelerates post-intracerebral hemorrhage hematoma clearance by regulating CD36","volume":"94","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122277","article-title":"Improving outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage through microglia\/macrophage-targeted IL-10 delivery with phosphatidylserine liposomes","volume":"301","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-020-00842-9","article-title":"Wogonin accelerates hematoma clearance and improves neurological outcome via the PPAR-gamma pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"12","author":"Zhuang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000119171.44657.45","article-title":"Role of Nrf2 in the regulation of CD36 and stress protein expression in murine macrophages: activation by oxidatively modified LDL and 4-hydroxynonenal","volume":"94","author":"Ishii","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105527","article-title":"Inhibition of the LRRC8A channel promotes microglia\/macrophage phagocytosis and improves outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.104993","article-title":"Targeted macrophage phagocytosis by Irg1\/itaconate axis improves the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke and peritonitis","volume":"101","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2022.102442","article-title":"Endogenous H(2)S targets mitochondria to promote continual phagocytosis of erythrocytes by microglia after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"56","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2017.11.009","article-title":"Axl activation attenuates neuroinflammation by inhibiting the TLR\/TRAF\/NF-kappaB pathway after MCAO in rats","volume":"110","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02480-4","article-title":"Pentoxifylline alleviates ischemic white matter injury through up-regulating Mertk-mediated myelin clearance","volume":"19","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.02.004","article-title":"CD47 gene knockout protects against transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice","volume":"217","author":"Jin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2620-14.2015","article-title":"Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) deficiency attenuates phagocytic activities of microglia and exacerbates ischemic damage in experimental stroke","volume":"35","author":"Kawabori","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.10.012","article-title":"Sphingosine-1-phosphate, a novel TREM2 ligand, promotes microglial phagocytosis to protect against ischemic brain injury","volume":"12","author":"Xue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13296","article-title":"P2Y6 receptor inhibition aggravates ischemic brain injury by reducing microglial phagocytosis","volume":"26","author":"Wen","year":"2020","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.77088","article-title":"Sigma-1 receptor-regulated efferocytosis by infiltrating circulating macrophages\/microglial cells protects against neuronal impairments and promotes functional recovery in cerebral ischemic stroke","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.131355","article-title":"STAT6\/Arg1 promotes microglia\/macrophage efferocytosis and inflammation resolution in stroke mice","volume":"4","author":"Cai","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071036","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1071036","article-title":"Intracortical administration of the complement C3 receptor antagonist trifluoroacetate modulates microglia reaction after brain injury","volume":"2019","author":"Surugiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01356","article-title":"Apoptotic cells induced signaling for immune homeostasis in macrophages and dendritic cells","volume":"8","author":"Trahtemberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.69","article-title":"Modulators of microglial activation and polarization after intracerebral haemorrhage","volume":"13","author":"Lan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-02041-7","article-title":"Mer regulates microglial\/macrophage M1\/M2 polarization and alleviates neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury","volume":"18","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-016-1310-x","article-title":"Transcriptional control of apoptotic cell clearance by macrophage nuclear receptors","volume":"22","author":"Roszer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21097","article-title":"Hematoma resolution as a target for intracerebral hemorrhage treatment: role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in microglia\/macrophages","volume":"61","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.013146","article-title":"Hematoma changes during clot resolution after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"47","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-019-00745-4","article-title":"CD47 blocking antibody accelerates hematoma clearance after intracerebral hemorrhage in aged rats","volume":"11","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.024578","article-title":"Enhancement of hematoma clearance with CD47 blocking antibody in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"50","author":"Jing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003872","article-title":"Increased susceptibility of ST2-deficient mice to polymicrobial sepsis is associated with an impaired bactericidal function","volume":"187","author":"Buckley","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.11.009","article-title":"STAT6 transcription factor is a facilitator of the nuclear receptor PPARgamma-regulated gene expression in macrophages and dendritic cells","volume":"33","author":"Szanto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.2015.21.issue-4","article-title":"Pleiotropic role of PPARgamma in intracerebral hemorrhage: an intricate system involving Nrf2, RXR, and NF-kappaB","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.027037","article-title":"Bexarotene enhances macrophage erythrophagocytosis and hematoma clearance in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"51","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.90370","article-title":"Neutrophil-like pH-responsive pro-efferocytic nanoparticles improve neurological recovery by promoting erythrophagocytosis after intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"14","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1122527","article-title":"Regulators of phagocytosis as pharmacologic targets for stroke treatment","volume":"14","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04060-4","article-title":"Mechanism of efferocytosis in determining ischaemic stroke resolution-diving into microglia\/macrophage functions and therapeutic modality","volume":"61","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.10.015","article-title":"Genetic dissection of TAM receptor-ligand interaction in retinal pigment epithelial cell phagocytosis","volume":"76","author":"Burstyn-Cohen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0695-9","article-title":"Human and mouse single-nucleus transcriptomics reveal TREM2-dependent and TREM2-independent cellular responses in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0197-5","article-title":"TREM2 in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"12","author":"Jay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041611","article-title":"Clearance of apoptotic neurons without inflammation by microglial triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2","volume":"201","author":"Takahashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02144-9","article-title":"High-salt diet downregulates TREM2 expression and blunts efferocytosis of macrophages after acute ischemic stroke","volume":"18","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05704","article-title":"UDP acting at P2Y6 receptors is a mediator of microglial phagocytosis","volume":"446","author":"Koizumi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1805","article-title":"The P2Y12 receptor regulates microglial activation by extracellular nucleotides","volume":"9","author":"Haynes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1520398113","article-title":"Purinergic receptor P2RY12-dependent microglial closure of the injured blood-brain barrier","volume":"113","author":"Lou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.v25.12","article-title":"Macrophages reprogram after ischemic stroke and promote efferocytosis and inflammation resolution in the mouse brain","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2019.0119","article-title":"Significance of complement system in ischemic stroke: A comprehensive review","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3830-11.2012","article-title":"Sialic acid on the neuronal glycocalyx prevents complement C1 binding and complement receptor-3-mediated removal by microglia","volume":"32","author":"Linnartz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17040497","article-title":"Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and neuroinflammation: A comprehensive review","volume":"17","author":"Lucke-Wold","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00292","article-title":"Neuroinflammation as a target for intervention in subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"9","author":"de Oliveira Manoel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1485222\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T05:11:09Z","timestamp":1732597869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1485222\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"references-count":147,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1485222"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1485222","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"article-number":"1485222"}}