{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T11:00:35Z","timestamp":1781780435903,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004089","name":"Krembil Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify biomarkers that distinguish psoriatic arthritis (PsA) from cutaneous psoriasis without arthritis (PsC) and healthy controls (HC) using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from three patients with PsA fulfilling CASPAR criteria, three patients with PsC and two HC were profiled using scRNA-seq. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified through scRNA-seq were validated on classical monocytes, and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell subsets derived from an independent cohort of patients using the NanoString nCounter<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> platform. Protein expression was measured in CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells by immunoblotting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 18 immune cell population clusters were identified. Across 18 cell clusters, we identified 234 DEGs. <jats:italic>NFKBIA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TNFAIP3<\/jats:italic> were overexpressed in PsA vs HC and PsC patients. Immunoblotting of the proteins encoded in these genes (I\u03baB\u03b1 and A20, respectively) showed higher levels in PsA CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells compared to HC. Conversely, lower levels were observed in PsA CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell lysates compared to HC for both proteins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that translation of <jats:italic>TNFAIP3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>NFKBIA<\/jats:italic> may be inhibited in PsA CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. This study provides insight into the cellular heterogeneity of PsA, showing that non-cell type specific expression of genes associated with the disease can be dysregulated through different mechanisms in distinct cell types.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1483393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T06:51:33Z","timestamp":1738911093000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Single-cell RNA sequencing of circulating immune cells supports inhibition of TNFAIP3 and NFKBIA translation as psoriatic arthritis biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ameth N.","family":"Garrido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Machhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar 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