{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:00:16Z","timestamp":1792202416752,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) carcinoma (NC) is a rare but highly aggressive disease, characterized by drug resistance and poor prognosis. This report describes the case of a 32-year-old male patient diagnosed to have pulmonary NC; the tumor exhibited positive immunohistochemical staining of NUT and showed rearrangement of BRD4::NUT midline carcinoma family member 1 (NUTM1). After two treatment cycles of chemotherapy (etoposide plus carboplatin) combined with the PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab, the thoracic lesion of the patient disappeared, resulting in a partial response. When the patient\u2019s disease progressed even after the targeted therapy with a bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) inhibitor, sintilimab was readministered in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy. However, the disease rapidly progressed after only one treatment cycle. Notably, the disease showed\n                    <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                    drug resistance to the combination of chemotherapy with the histone deacetylase inhibitor. Although the patient\u2019s NC initially responded well to the combination of the PD-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy, the response was transient. These findings suggest that pulmonary NC is a highly malignant thoracic carcinoma, with no durable response and survival benefits from treatment with chemotherapeutics or immune checkpoint inhibitors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1497124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T03:09:08Z","timestamp":1741662548000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pulmonary NUT carcinoma, an elusive and refractory entity, shows transient response to chemotherapeutics and PD-1 inhibitor: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Guangjian","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runze","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linke","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiqing","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-1153","article-title":"Clinicopathologic 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