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Dysregulation of the immune system and disruption of immune tolerance, particularly through the abnormal activation of B lymphocytes and the production of excessive autoantibodies, lead to widespread inflammation and tissue damage, resulting in multi-organ impairment. Currently, there is no systematic review that examines the specificity of B cell characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms across various organs. This paper reviews current research on B cells in lupus patients and summarizes the distinct characteristics of B cells in different organs. By integrating clinical manifestations of organ damage in patients with a focus on the organ-specific features of B cells, we provide a new perspective on enhancing the efficacy of lupus-targeted B cell therapy strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1509033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T01:56:15Z","timestamp":1737597375000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Organ-based characterization of B cells in patients with systemic lupus 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