{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T12:34:06Z","timestamp":1793363646872,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of different types of interferon in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and their subgroups using ultrasensitive cytokine detection techniques (SIMOA) and to assess their potential as activity biomarkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Disease activity was measured at the time of serum collection and assessed by manual muscle testing eight (MMT8 score 0-150), muscle enzymes to calculate the Physician Global Assessment (PGA) (0-10). Patients were classified as active if PGA&amp;gt;5.Serum IFN-\u03b1 and IFN-\u03b3 levels was measured using the single molecule array (SIMOA) technique. Serum IFN-\u03b2 level was measured by Elisa. Correlation between IFN levels and disease activity were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 242 IIM patients and found a good correlation between type I Interferon (IFN) and dermatomyositis disease activity. IFN-\u03b1 and IFN-\u03b2 was highly correlated with disease activity (r=0.76 and r=0,58). To evaluate whether the different types of Interferons could serve as biomarkers of activity, we generated ROC curves. Patients with active DM had a higher median IFN-\u03b1 level (0.49 pg\/ml [0.1-3.7]) compared with non-active patients (0.03 pg\/ml [0.01-0.07] p&amp;lt;0.05). The area under the curve was 0.90 IC95 (0.76-0.97) p&amp;lt;0.05. Furthermore, Myositis-specific antibodies appear to be associated with a different secretion profile; patients with anti-MDA 5 antibodies had higher level of IFN-\u03b1 than most other antibodies (6.58 vs 0.14 p&amp;lt;0.005). NXP2 had higher IFN-\u03b2 level than patients with Tif1\u03b3 antibodies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum IFN-\u03b1 level measured by SIMOA is a reliable biomarker of DM activity. Myositis-specific antibodies appear to be associated with a different secretion profile. This data needs to be confirmed in order to select the good therapeutics strategies in DM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1529582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T07:28:49Z","timestamp":1739345329000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ultrasensitive interferons quantification reveals different cytokine profile secretion in inflammatory myopathies and can serve as biomarkers of activity in dermatomyositis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lo\u00efs","family":"Bolko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Anquetil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Llibre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sol\u00e8ne","family":"Maillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Amelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Dorgham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Bondet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oc\u00e9ane","family":"Landon-Cardinal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne","family":"Toquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuberaka","family":"Mariampillai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Malatre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandrine","family":"Mahoudeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baptiste","family":"Hervier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Rodero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Gorochov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darragh","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Benveniste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Allenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528\u221237","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.2598","article-title":"Development of a new classification system for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies based on clinical manifestations and myositis-specific autoantibodies","volume":"75","author":"Mariampillai","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816\u221228","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30254-0","article-title":"Classification and management of adult inflammatory myopathies","volume":"17","author":"Selva-O\u2019Callaghan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792\u2212801","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40064","article-title":"2016 American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism criteria for minimal, moderate, and major clinical response in adult dermatomyositis and polymyositis: An International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies Group\/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation Collaborative Initiative","volume":"76","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis mai"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e507\u221217","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004923","article-title":"Necrosis in anti-SRP+ and anti-HMGCR+myopathies: Role of autoantibodies and complement","volume":"90","author":"Allenbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47\u22128","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000000062","article-title":"The utility of serum aldolase in normal creatine kinase dermatomyositis","volume":"20","author":"Mathur","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12955","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12955","article-title":"The role of interferons type I, II and III in myositis: A review","volume":"31","author":"Bolko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664\u221278","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20464","article-title":"Interferon-alpha\/beta-mediated innate immune mechanisms in dermatomyositis","volume":"57","author":"Greenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207\u221213","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2011.61","article-title":"Relationship between disease activity and type 1 interferon- and other cytokine-inducible gene expression in blood in dermatomyositis and polymyositis","volume":"13","author":"Greenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59\u221268","DOI":"10.2119\/2006-00085.Baechler","article-title":"An interferon signature in the peripheral blood of dermatomyositis patients is associated with disease activity","volume":"13","author":"Baechler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29161","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029161","article-title":"Interferon and biologic signatures in dermatomyositis skin: specificity and heterogeneity across diseases","volume":"7","author":"Wong","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224\u221230","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15006","article-title":"Correlation of cutaneous disease activity with type 1 interferon gene signature and interferon \u03b2 in dermatomyositis","volume":"176","author":"Huard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e88788","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088788","article-title":"Th1 response and systemic treg deficiency in inclusion body myositis","volume":"9","author":"Allenbach","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621\u221230","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501902","article-title":"Involvement of NK cells and NKp30 pathway in antisynthetase syndrome","volume":"197","author":"Hervier","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1193\u2212204","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008128","article-title":"Identification of distinctive interferon gene signatures in different types of myositis","volume":"93","author":"Pinal-Fernandez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000811","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000811","article-title":"Distinct interferon signatures stratify inflammatory and dysimmune myopathies","volume":"5","author":"Rigolet","year":"2019","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842\u22129","DOI":"10.1002\/art.v75.10","article-title":"The type I interferon signature reflects multiple phenotypic and activity measures in dermatomyositis","volume":"75","author":"Tabata","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533\u221247","DOI":"10.1177\/2211068215589580","article-title":"The simoa HD-1 analyzer: A novel fully automated digital immunoassay analyzer with single-molecule sensitivity and multiplexing","volume":"21","author":"Wilson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Lab Autom"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2271\u221282","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40320","article-title":"2017 European league against rheumatism\/american college of rheumatology classification criteria for adult and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and their major subgroups","volume":"69","author":"Lundberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol (Hoboken NJ)"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426\u221233","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000642","article-title":"Evaluation and construction of diagnostic criteria for inclusion body myositis","volume":"83","author":"Lloyd","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87\u221299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2017.09.016","article-title":"Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathies Working Group. 224th ENMC International Workshop:: Clinico-sero-pathological classification of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies Zandvoort, The Netherlands, 14-16 October 2016","volume":"28","author":"Allenbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2024.104453","article-title":"273rd ENMC International workshop: Clinico-Sero-morphological classification of the Antisynthetase syndrome. Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 27-29 October 2023","volume":"45","author":"Stenzel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70\u221292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2019.10.005","article-title":"ENMC 239th workshop study group. 239th ENMC international workshop: classification of dermatomyositis, amsterdam, the Netherlands, 14-16 december 2018","volume":"30","author":"Mammen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4564\u221274","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00146-10","article-title":"The type I interferon signaling pathway is a target for glucocorticoid inhibition","volume":"30","author":"Flammer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547\u221255","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161451","article-title":"Detection of interferon alpha protein reveals differential levels and cellular sources in disease","volume":"214","author":"Rodero","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40792","article-title":"Monitoring disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus with single-molecule array digital ELISA quantification of serum interferon-\u03b1","volume":"71","author":"Mathian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol (Hoboken NJ)"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691\u2212700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.11.010","article-title":"Dermatomyositis with or without anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibodies: common interferon signature but distinct NOS2 expression","volume":"186","author":"Allenbach","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53\u221263","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21805","article-title":"Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) conjugates proteins in dermatomyositis muscle with perifascicular atrophy","volume":"67","author":"Salajegheh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159\u221269","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70258-8","article-title":"Assessment of interferon-related biomarkers in Aicardi-Gouti\u00e8res syndrome associated with mutations in TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, and ADAR: a case-control study","volume":"12","author":"Rice","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831\u22126","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.139949","article-title":"Interferon \u03b2 is associated with type 1 interferon-inducible gene expression in dermatomyositis","volume":"70","author":"Liao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100\u22129","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.2016.84.issue-2","article-title":"Autoantibody specificities and type I interferon pathway activation in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies","volume":"84","author":"Ekholm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12519","article-title":"Diagnostic potential of sarcoplasmic MxA expression in subsets of dermatomyositis","volume":"45","author":"Uruha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493\u2212500","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003568","article-title":"Sarcoplasmic MxA expression: A valuable marker of dermatomyositis","volume":"88","author":"Uruha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-014-0154-2","article-title":"Myofiber HLA-DR expression is a distinctive biomarker for antisynthetase-associated myopathy","volume":"2","author":"Aouizerate","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1529582\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T07:28:51Z","timestamp":1739345331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1529582\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1529582"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1529582","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"article-number":"1529582"}}