{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T06:28:07Z","timestamp":1784010487217,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is one of the most common hematologic malignancies in children worldwide. Despite advances in chemotherapy in recent years, more than 50% of adult T-ALL patients still experience treatment resistance and relapse\/refractory disease. <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic>, a new food resource in China, has high nutritional value and various pharmacological activities. <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> protein is one of the main active ingredients in <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> leaves, and some studies have shown that <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> protein has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and other bioactivities; however, the anti-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) activity of the <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> protein and its mechanism of action are still unclear. In this study, we used <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> leaves protein as the experimental material and used the MTT assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot techniques to study the effects of <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> leaves protein on Jurkat cell growth, apoptosis, and the cell cycle <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and the underlying molecular mechanism. <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> leaves protein inhibited Jurkat cell proliferation; induced apoptosis and cycle arrest; increased autophagy; and inhibited Jurkat cell proliferation by regulating the MAPK\/AKT pathway. The results of this study provide new ideas and a theoretical basis for the development of <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> leaves protein for the prevention and treatment of leukemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1546189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T04:21:42Z","timestamp":1743481302000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Moringa oleifera leaves protein suppresses T-lymphoblastic leukemogenesis via MAPK\/AKT signaling modulation of apoptotic activation and autophagic flux 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