{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:18:05Z","timestamp":1791231485620,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Influx and establishment of key endometrial immune factors in the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is paramount for successful embryo implantation. Endometrial immune dysregulation is associated with repeated embryo implantation failure and miscarriage. In\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      fertilisation cycles, approximately 30% of embryos diagnosed as chromosomally normal will still fail to produce a viable live birth, yet factors such as the endometrium are rarely clinically explored.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective analysis, clinical outcomes were compared between patients undergoing their first euploid transfer in a conventional substituted cycle (n=612), patients undergoing a euploid transfer in a similar cycle after previous euploid failure (n=149) and the study group of patients with previous euploid transfer failure who received a modified endometrial preparatory regimen following endometrial immune profiling targeting uterine natural killer cell recruitment, maturity and activity as well as their key regulatory counterparts (n=37).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant differences were found between first euploid attempt outcomes and patients with previous failures who didn\u2019t use endometrial testing (implantation rate 63% vs 51,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.02; clinical pregnancy rates 55% vs 40%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.002; live birth rates 50% vs 38%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.02). Patients with previous failures who underwent endometrial immune profiling and a subsequent personalised plan exhibited a trend towards improved clinical outcomes than those with previous failures and no testing (implantation rate 65% vs 51%; clinical pregnancy rate 57% vs 40%; live birth rate 54% vs 38%, respectively) although statistical significance was not demonstrated. Clinical outcomes were comparable between the endometrial immune profiling group and those undergoing a first euploid attempt (implantation rate 65% vs 63%; clinical pregnancy rate 57% vs 55%; live birth rate 54% vs 50%, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who had a failed attempt when using a euploid embryo had lower chances of pregnancy when repeating their treatment, unless they received a personalised endometrial preparation regimen derived from the results of endometrial immune profiling. These preliminary findings indicate the potential value of guiding management based on immune endometrial testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1547159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T01:20:40Z","timestamp":1743988840000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Endometrial immune assessment in patients with a history of previous euploid blastocyst 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