{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:26:14Z","timestamp":1790270774989,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) and connective tissue diseases (CTD) are both B-cell-mediated, antibody-associated autoimmune diseases that share similar mechanisms of immune dysfunction. The coexistence of MG and CTD is a rare phenomenon, and its management remains challenging. Here, we report three cases of coexisting MG and CTD\u2014specifically systemic lupus erythematosus and Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome, and all three patients presented significant improvement 4 weeks after initiation of treatment with telitacicept. Minimal symptom expression (MSE) was achieved after 4, 6, and 7 weeks of treatment with telitacicept, for patients one-to-three, respectively. This therapy also enabled a reduction in prednisone dosage, with clinical symptoms of CTD remaining well controlled. These findings present preliminary evidence supporting Telitacicept as an effective treatment and a double-target therapy for the management of MG-CTD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1552521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T05:23:43Z","timestamp":1748323423000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Telitacicept as double-targeted therapy for myasthenia gravis coexisting with connective tissue disease: three case reports"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yingying","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruixia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0079-y","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis","volume":"5","author":"Gilhus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.16872","article-title":"What is myasthenia gravis","volume":"331","author":"Marcus","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2020.100063","article-title":"Incidence, mortality, and economic burden of myasthenia gravis in China: A nationwide population-based study","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09374-1","article-title":"Impact of autoimmune comorbidity on fatigue, sleepiness and mood in myasthenia gravis","volume":"266","author":"Alekseeva","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2010.539307","article-title":"Frequency of autoimmune diseases in myasthenia gravis: a systematic review","volume":"121","author":"Mao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00543-w","article-title":"Autoantibodies in neurological disease","volume":"21","author":"Pr\u00fcss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-00092-2","article-title":"B cell depletion therapies in autoimmune disease: advances and mechanistic insights","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1223322","article-title":"Clinical features of myasthenia gravis with neurological and systemic autoimmune diseases","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.102349","article-title":"HLA in myasthenia gravis: From superficial correlation to underlying mechanism","volume":"18","author":"Zhong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2013.12.001","article-title":"Genetic basis of myasthenia gravis - 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