{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T22:37:06Z","timestamp":1792708626514,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>B-1 cells are a distinct lineage of tissue-resident B cells with crucial roles in innate immunity and tissue homeostasis. Mature B-1 cell pools are mostly maintained by self-renewal in their peripheral niches, in a process that is largely uncharacterized. Here, we investigated the role of the transcription repressor Bach2 in maintaining the B-1 cell pool. We found that B-1 cell numbers and antibody responses were dramatically reduced in adult mice bearing a B cell-specific <jats:italic>Bach2<\/jats:italic> deletion, although the proportions of B-1 progenitors in early neonatal life were unaffected. Cells taken from the fetal liver or bone marrow of <jats:italic>Bach2<\/jats:italic>-deleted mice were defective in reconstituting the B-1 cell pool in the peritonea of <jats:italic>Rag2<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> hosts, and peritoneal B-1 cell transplants from adult <jats:italic>Bach2<\/jats:italic>-deleted mice failed to sustain their numbers in the host\u2019s peritoneum. The mutant B-1 cells proliferated normally <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> but were more apoptotic. They also expressed the reduced level of the self-renewal factor Bmi1. These results indicate that Bach2 deficiency does not affect the development of B-1 progenitors in fetal liver and bone marrow but impairs the self-renewal of mature B-1 cells in peripheral tissues, which is caused by increased apoptosis. Thus, this study suggests that a cell-autonomous function of Bach2 is crucial for maintaining a stable population size of B-1 cells in their peripheral niches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1553089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T05:22:51Z","timestamp":1742275371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The transcription repressor Bach2 is required for maintaining the B-1 cell population by regulating 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