{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T23:17:00Z","timestamp":1782775020873,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alopecia Areata (AA) is a common form of scarless alopecia. Its pathogenesis may be related to T cell-mediated autoimmune attack on hair follicles. Its clinical manifestations are mostly round or oval patches of AA, which can progress to Alopecia Totalis (AT) and Alopecia Universalis (AU). In severe cases, it affects the psychological health and quality of life of patients. In the past, the treatment of AA mainly relied on intra-lesional or systemic application of glucocorticoids, minoxidil or immunomodulators, which had problems such as limited efficacy and high recurrence rate. Some studies have also found that JAK inhibitors have improved effects on many autoimmune diseases, including AA. This case report presents a patient with AA who achieved significant therapeutic effects from treatment with Tofacitinib Citrate Sustained-Release Tablets, manufactured by Qilu Pharmaceutical Company in China. Due to the recurrence rate of AA, patients are likely to need long-term medication. The resulting economic burden cannot be ignored. We therefore investigated the mechanisms and economic benefits of various JAK inhibitors in the treatment of AA, in order to provide better guidance to patients with recurring disease who need long-term medication, and to their doctors in choosing a more rational therapeutic agent according to the patient\u2019s condition and economic status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1553904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T05:14:06Z","timestamp":1744348446000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Significant efficacy of tofacitinib from China in the treatment of alopecia areata: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yijia","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxu","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuochen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-020-00673-w","article-title":"Alopecia areata: a review on diagnosis, immunological etiopathogenesis and treatment options","volume":"21","author":"Sterkens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.04.1142","article-title":"Alopecia areata: An appraisal of new treatment approaches and overview of current therapies","volume":"78","author":"Strazzulla","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08883-0","article-title":"Alopecia areata: an update on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and management","volume":"61","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2018.1546043","article-title":"JAK-inhibitors in dermatology: current evidence and future applications","volume":"30","author":"Ciechanowicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treat"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15937","article-title":"Benefit and risk profile of tofacitinib for the treatment of alopecia areata: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereology: JEADV"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1103442","article-title":"Alopecia areata","volume":"366","author":"Gilhar","year":"2012","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004413.pub2","article-title":"Interventions for alopecia areata","author":"Delamere","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database systematic Rev"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3645","article-title":"Alopecia areata is driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is reversed by JAK inhibition","volume":"20","author":"Xing","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"adv12425","DOI":"10.2340\/actadv.v103.12425","article-title":"Effectiveness and predictive factors of response to tofacitinib therapy in 125 patients with alopecia areata: A single-centre real-world retrospective study","volume":"103","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta dermato-venereologica"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874467210666170113104503","article-title":"Tofacitinib, an oral janus kinase inhibitor: perspectives in dermatology","volume":"24","author":"Kostovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr medicinal Chem"},{"key":"B11","article-title":"Bethesda (MD). 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