{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:44:47Z","timestamp":1792395887244,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems and is driven by various factors, including interactions between genetic and environmental elements. Over the past few decades, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been instrumental in regard to identifying genetic and environmental risk factors associated with RA susceptibility and pathogenesis. The recent discoveries of novel genetic susceptibility loci and pathways offer promising therapeutic targets for RA and precision medicine. More than 100 genetic loci have been identified in RA patients. In this review, we have focused on more than 40 genes that have been supported by evidence to be closely associated with the development of RA. These include genes involved in various mechanisms, such as loss of self-tolerance, autoimmune antibody production (e.g., <jats:italic>HLA-DRB1, HLA-DPB1<\/jats:italic>), inflammatory signaling and bone destruction (e.g., <jats:italic>PTPN22, CCR6<\/jats:italic>), complication (e.g., <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1, IRF5<\/jats:italic>), and differential drug responses (e.g., <jats:italic>HLA-E, NKG2D<\/jats:italic>). These novel players and mechanisms enhance our understanding of the RA pathogenesis and also provide a reference for personalized and precise medicine, including diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1556971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T06:32:56Z","timestamp":1743489176000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["From genetic variants to therapeutic targets: insights into understanding rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingliang","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18001","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.1","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Smolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.00811","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation mediated by methylation in the pathogenesis and precision medicine of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2016.1218595","article-title":"Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in CD4+ T cells from Chinese Han patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"27","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.747274","article-title":"MicroRNA variants and HLA-miRNA interactions are novel rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility factors","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.790122","article-title":"Molecular and cellular heterogeneity in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms and clinical implications","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213678","article-title":"Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis: 2018 status","volume":"78","author":"Okada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-02720-7","article-title":"Generation of individualized immunocompatible endothelial cells from HLA-I-matched human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"13","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33513","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000033513","article-title":"Human leukocyte antigen-DRB1 gene polymorphism and aplastic anemia: A meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med (Baltimore)"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(97)00014-1","article-title":"Allele-specific variation in the degeneracy of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction","volume":"54","author":"Carmichael","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2019.03.033","article-title":"Genetic implications in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis; an updated review","volume":"702","author":"Karami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186625","article-title":"Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 is dispensable for dendritic cell antigen processing and promotion of T-cell activation by dendritic cells","volume":"12","author":"Clarke","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2015.03.020","article-title":"Evidence of association of interleukin-23 receptor gene polymorphisms with Egyptian rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"76","author":"Hamdy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1054451","article-title":"Circulating methylation level of HTR2A is associated with inflammation and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life13020359","article-title":"Outcomes of prospectively followed pregnancies in rheumatoid arthritis: A multicenter study from Romania","volume":"13","author":"Bobirc\u0103","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/ceji.2021.104425","article-title":"MICAShared epitope and polymorphism of and encoding genes in Greek and Polish patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"46","author":"Wieli\u0144ska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.121050","article-title":"Replication of European rheumatoid arthritis loci in a Pakistani population","volume":"40","author":"Jalil","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0204459","article-title":"Independent association of HLA-DPB1*02:01 with rheumatoid arthritis in Japanese populations","volume":"13","author":"Furukawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202864","article-title":"HLA-DPB1 rs9277535 polymorphism is associated with rheumatoid arthritis risk in a Chinese Han population","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4030-5","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism of rs9277535 in HLA-DP associated with rheumatoid arthritis and anti-CCP production in a Chinese population","volume":"37","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9534","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-13265-3","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin and MTHFR gene variations in rheumatoid arthritis: association with disease susceptibility and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis","volume":"12","author":"Arida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/2007233297","article-title":"Molecular genetics of MTHFR: polymorphisms are not all benign","volume":"23","author":"Leclerc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Sci (Paris)"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev285","article-title":"An Immunochip-based interaction study of contrasting interaction effects with smoking in ACPA-positive versus ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"55","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104233","article-title":"ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis: From immune mechanisms to clinical translation","volume":"83","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-201225","article-title":"Genetic markers of rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in anti-citrullinated peptide antibody negative patients","volume":"71","author":"Viatte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39619","article-title":"Replication of associations of genetic loci outside the HLA region with susceptibility to anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide-negative rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"68","author":"Viatte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02431-z","article-title":"The spectrum of association in HLA region with rheumatoid arthritis in a diverse Asian population: evidence from the MyEIRA case-control study","volume":"23","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4977","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25246-7","article-title":"Single-cell sequencing of immune cells from anticitrullinated peptide antibody positive and negative rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-019-04429-y","article-title":"Association of biomarkers of inflammation and HLA-DRB1 gene locus with risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis in females","volume":"39","author":"Klimenta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"B29","article-title":"Association of HLA-DRB5*01 with protection against cutaneous manifestations of rheumatoid vasculitis in Brazilian patients","volume":"52","author":"Nishimura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Bras Reumatol Engl Ed"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(01)00226-9","article-title":"Protection against severe disease is conferred by DERAA-bearing HLA-DRB1 alleles among HLA-DQ3 and HLA-DQ5 positive rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"62","author":"Seidl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-716","article-title":"A non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding Toll-like Receptor 3 (TLR3) is associated with sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a Danish population","volume":"7","author":"Laska","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24721","article-title":"Association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in CD40 with the rate of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"60","author":"van der Linden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-020-0164-3","article-title":"Association of MICA-129Met\/Val polymorphism with clinical outcome of anti-TNF therapy and MICA serum levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Iwaszko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics J"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2009.04.002","article-title":"Unraveling the genetics of complex diseases: susceptibility genes for rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214725","article-title":"Sequencing of the MHC region defines HLA-DQA1 as the major genetic risk for seropositive rheumatoid arthritis in Han Chinese population","volume":"78","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B36","article-title":"HLA-DQA1 genotyping in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Taiwan","volume":"17","author":"Yen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2012.11.023","article-title":"MeCP2 modulates the canonical Wnt pathway activation by targeting SFRP4 in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rats","volume":"25","author":"Miao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-017-0591-8","article-title":"MeCP2 regulates PTCH1 expression through DNA methylation in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.06.013","article-title":"DNMT1 activates the canonical Wnt signaling in rheumatoid arthritis model rats via a crucial functional crosstalk between miR-152 and the DNMT1, MeCP2","volume":"28","author":"Miao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3968-z","article-title":"Single nucleotide polymorphism of Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene associates with juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"37","author":"Mahmoudi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2019.10.010","article-title":"PTPN22 1858 C\/T polymorphism is associated with alteration of cytokine profiles as a potential pathogenic mechanism in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"216","author":"Ghorban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.v65.12","article-title":"A regulatory variant in CCR6 is associated with susceptibility to antitopoisomerase-positive systemic sclerosis","volume":"65","author":"Koumakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew315","article-title":"Evidence of epistatic interaction between DPP4 and CCR6 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"55","author":"Leng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.110650","article-title":"Overlap of disease susceptibility loci for rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Hinks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2012.02.011","article-title":"FCRL3 gene polymorphisms contribute to the radiographic severity rather than susceptibility of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"73","author":"Han","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/pf511x","article-title":"Interferon regulatory factor 5 gene variants rs2004640 and rs4728142 are associated with carotid intima media thickness but not with cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Agca","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R146","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4608","article-title":"Interferon regulatory factor 5 genetic variants are associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Garc\u00eda-Berm\u00fadez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew025","article-title":"Association of human leukocyte antigen alleles with chronic lung diseases in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"55","author":"Oka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)82541-7","article-title":"Human leukocyte antigen-DRB1*1104 in the chronic iridocyclitis of pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"121","author":"Melin-Aldana","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Pediatrics"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1837","article-title":"The impact of HLA-DRB1 genes on extra-articular disease manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"7","author":"Turesson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2015(06)04","article-title":"The role of KIR2DL3\/HLA-C*0802 in Brazilian patients with rheumatoid vasculitis","volume":"70","author":"Nishimura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22057","article-title":"Association of HLA-C3 and smoking with vasculitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"54","author":"Turesson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3390\/genes9020064","article-title":"Influence of NKG2D genetic variants on response to anti-TNF agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Iwaszko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195325","article-title":"Identification of HLA-DRB1 association to adalimumab immunogenicity","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003348","article-title":"Clinicogenomic factors of biotherapy immunogenicity in autoimmune disease: A prospective multicohort study of the ABIRISK consortium","volume":"17","author":"H\u00e4ssler","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS Med"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12696","article-title":"Polymorphisms within the human leucocyte antigen-E gene and their associations with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis as well as clinical outcome of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy","volume":"182","author":"Iwaszko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2010.11.001","article-title":"The role of Natural Killer cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: major contributors or essential homeostatic modulators","volume":"136","author":"Ahern","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30130","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of genetic predictors of anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis identifies associations with polymorphisms at seven loci","volume":"63","author":"Plant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2017.01.013","article-title":"Association of IL17A and IL17F genes with rheumatoid arthritis disease and the impact of genetic polymorphisms on response to treatment","volume":"183","author":"Marwa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203276","article-title":"Evidence of NLRP3-inflammasome activation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA); genetic variants within the NLRP3-inflammasome complex in relation to susceptibility to RA and response to anti-TNF treatment","volume":"73","author":"Mathews","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3204","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.v22.9","article-title":"PTPN22 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Abbasifard","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gene Med"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.03.004","article-title":"The role of PTPN22 in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review","volume":"51","author":"Tizaoui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.2019.71.issue-4","article-title":"The contribution of PTPN22 to rheumatic disease","volume":"71","author":"Mustelin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39215","article-title":"The W620 polymorphism in PTPN22 disrupts its interaction with peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 and enhances citrullination and NETosis","volume":"67","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006292","article-title":"The rheumatoid arthritis risk variant CCR6DNP regulates CCR6 via PARP-1","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS Genet"},{"key":"B66","article-title":"Association between CCR6 and rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34457","article-title":"A functional variant in FCRL3 is associated with higher Fc receptor-like 3 expression on T cell subsets and rheumatoid arthritis disease activity","volume":"64","author":"Bajpai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/gmr15048775","article-title":"CD40 functional gene polymorphisms and mRNA expression in rheumatoid arthritis patients from western Mexico","volume":"15","author":"Rom\u00e1n-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.26755","article-title":"CDK6 binds and promotes the degradation of the EYA2 protein","volume":"13","author":"Kohrt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"B70","article-title":"HLA-DQA1*0101 haplotypes and disease outcome in early onset pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"18","author":"van Kerckhove","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20190133","article-title":"NK cell receptor NKG2D enforces proinflammatory features and pathogenicity of Th1 and Th17 cells","volume":"217","author":"Babic","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/klc3h6","article-title":"NKG2D ligands in inflammatory joint diseases: analysis in human samples and mouse models","volume":"39","author":"Mariotte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.10.53","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis pharmacogenomics","volume":"11","author":"Marsal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-017-3732-3","article-title":"Genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics to elucidate the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"37","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0378-1","article-title":"Defining inflammatory cell states in rheumatoid arthritis joint synovial tissues by integrating single-cell transcriptomics and mass cytometry","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00318","article-title":"B cell dysfunction associated with aging and autoimmune diseases","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2021.05.003","article-title":"The HMGB1-AGER-STING1 pathway mediates the sterile inflammatory response to alkaliptosis","volume":"560","author":"Fang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031337","article-title":"Genome editing using CRISPR-cas9 and autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46195-x","article-title":"Single-cell profiling identifies IL1B(hi) macrophages associated with inflammation in PD-1 inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjv050","article-title":"Mismatch repair proteins recruit DNA methyltransferase 1 to sites of oxidative DNA damage","volume":"8","author":"Ding","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022052","article-title":"Regulation of CCL2 expression by an upstream TALE homeodomain protein-binding site that synergizes with the site created by the A-2578G SNP","volume":"6","author":"Page","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2008.33","article-title":"Prep1\/Pbx2 complexes regulate CCL2 expression through the -2578 guanine polymorphism","volume":"9","author":"Wright","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes Immun"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1556971\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T06:33:12Z","timestamp":1743489192000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1556971\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1556971"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1556971","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"article-number":"1556971"}}