{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T14:10:57Z","timestamp":1776867057322,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stevens \u2013 Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS\/TEN) is a life-threatening adverse reaction to nivolumab. This study investigated the clinical features of nivolumab induced SJS\/TEN to provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relevant articles on nivolumab induced SJS\/TEN published before December 31, 2024 were collected by searching the database, and then extracting the data for summary analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty-one patients were enrolled with a median age of 65 years (range 43, 86). SJS\/TEN appear at a median of 5.5 weeks (range, 0.9 108). Bullae\/blisters (64.5%), erythema (54.8%), skin rash (54.8%), epidermal detachment (29.0%) and pain (29.0%) were the main skin symptoms. Skin biopsy showed epidermal necrosis (41.9%), keratinocytic necrosis (38.7%), interface dermatitis (29.0%) and inflammatory cell infiltration (45.2%). After stopping nivolumab and receiving treatment, 74.2% of the patients had improvement in skin symptoms, and 22.6% of the patients died of TEN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a rare immune-related adverse event of nivolumab, SJS\/TEN should be closely monitored during the treatment. Nivolumab induced SJS\/TEN has a long incubation period, serious clinical symptoms and poor prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1563100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T06:59:22Z","timestamp":1742281162000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical features of nivolumab-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis: retrospective analysis based on case reports"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ronghui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunjiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-022-01723-1","article-title":"Nivolumab plus relatlimab: first approval","volume":"82","author":"Paik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.02.011","article-title":"Understanding and treating the inflammatory adverse events of cancer immunotherapy","volume":"184","author":"Dougan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0160-6","article-title":"Immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"6","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2019.0977","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis and steven-johnson syndrome: A comprehensive review","volume":"9","author":"Charlton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle)"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.5935\/0103-507X.20170075","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis: a paradigm of critical illness","volume":"29","author":"Estrella-Alonso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ter Intensiva"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.03.094","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for the development of cutaneous toxicities in patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors: A United States population-level analysis","volume":"86","author":"Wongvibulsin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17855","article-title":"European recommendations for management of immune checkpoint inhibitors-derived dermatologic adverse events. 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