{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T15:53:08Z","timestamp":1781538788094,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneously primary hematopoietic neoplasm characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of immature myeloid cells, which is characterized with poor outcomes. Despite tremendous advances in the treatment paradigm of AML in the past several decades, the cure and prognosis remain unfavorable. More effective treatments are therefore needed to improve the clinical outcomes. Among newly emerging immunotherapies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy is an exceedingly promising approach that has remarkably improved the overall survival for patients with AML. However, current CAR-T cell therapy for AML faces numerous significant challenges such as the identification of truly AML-specific surface antigens, the on-target\/off-tumor toxicity, and the immunosuppressive microenvironment of AML. In order to conquer these limitations, novel strategies to advance CAR-T therapy are urgently needed. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the current status of immunotherapy, especially CAR-T cell therapy, highlight the outcomes of current trials and the limitations of CAR-T immunotherapy, hopefully to provide novel insights into the future directions of CAR-T cells in AML.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1572407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T11:52:11Z","timestamp":1746186731000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Recent advances of chimeric antigen receptor T\u2010cell therapy for acute myeloid leukemia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaofan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21590","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2020","volume":"70","author":"Siegel","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA: A Cancer J clinicians"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2023","volume":"73","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA: A Cancer J clinicians"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)31041-9","article-title":"Acute myeloid leukaemia","volume":"392","author":"Short","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet (London England)"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019002140","article-title":"Ivosidenib induces deep durable remissions in patients with newly diagnosed IDH1-mutant acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"135","author":"Roboz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021014901","article-title":"Enasidenib vs conventional care in older patients with late-stage mutant-IDH2 relapsed\/refractory AML: a randomized phase 3 trial","volume":"141","author":"de Botton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1902688","article-title":"Gilteritinib or chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML","volume":"381","author":"Perl","year":"2019","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2012971","article-title":"Azacitidine and venetoclax in previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"383","author":"DiNardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.349368.122","article-title":"Translating recent advances in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia to the clinic","volume":"36","author":"Bewersdorf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.23.01911","article-title":"Azacitidine, venetoclax, and gilteritinib in newly diagnosed and relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML","volume":"42","author":"Short","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-021-01253-x","article-title":"& Subklewe, M. 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