{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T19:56:45Z","timestamp":1785009405452,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnancy involves complex physiological adaptations across maternal organs and the immune system to support fetal development. Macrophages play a dual role during pregnancy: defending against pathogens and supporting tissue adaptation. However, comprehensive and in-depth studies of cross-tissue transcriptional heterogeneity of macrophages during healthy pregnancy at the single-cell level remain elusive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to profile macrophages from a healthy pregnant pig across 49 tissues. Immunofluorescence was performed to verify the specific expression of transcription factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we generated a macrophage atlas containing 114,881 macrophages from 49 tissues\/organs within one single healthy pregnant pig, identified 33 subtypes, and revealed extensive tissue-specific diversity. We observed significant heterogeneity of macrophage subtypes across five different anatomical sites of adipose tissue. Notably, the M\u03c6 MARCO+ subtype, primarily derived from mesenteric adipose tissue, showed higher activity in pattern recognition receptor signaling pathways compared to subtypes in other tissues, including different fat depots. Cross-tissue analysis revealed distinct expression patterns of transcription factors, cytokines, and cell surface receptors, including the transcription factor <jats:italic>PLSCR1<\/jats:italic>, specifically expressed in lung macrophages and verified by immunofluorescence. Cross-species analysis unveiled conservation and heterogeneity among macrophages in pigs, humans, and mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We constructed a multiple-tissue single-cell transcriptome atlas of macrophages in one single healthy pregnant pig, revealing their molecular differences and commonalities across tissues and species. Our study provides a valuable resource for understanding macrophage diversity and tissue-specific macrophage adaptations during pregnancy in pigs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1574120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T06:29:55Z","timestamp":1743575395000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cross one single body 49 tissues single-cell transcriptome reveals detailed macrophage heterogeneity during pig 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