{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:16:58Z","timestamp":1787026618483,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the influence of aqueous humor cytokines levels on the failure of illuminated microcatheter-assisted circumferential trabeculotomy (MAT) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a prospective case series with a follow-up period of 24 months. General information and ocular examinations were recorded. Aqueous humor was collected at the time of surgery. Eight aqueous humor cytokines were analyzed: CCL2, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, CXCL10 and G-CSF. Bioinformatics analysis was used to explore the protein network and the possible pathways related to OAG. Surgical failure was defined as a requirement for glaucoma reoperation or intraocular pressure (IOP) greater than 21mmHg with more than 3 topical antiglaucoma medications at 24-month follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty-five eyes were enrolled (58 success and 7 failure). The levels of CCL2, ICAM-1, IL-6 and CXCL10 in aqueous humor were significantly higher in the surgical failure group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.024, 0.002, 0.022 and 0.008, respectively). A higher percentage of secondary glaucoma (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001), younger age (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.019), worse preoperative BCVA (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.022), higher preoperative IOP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.022) and more preoperative topical antiglaucoma medications (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.029) were significantly observed in the surgical failure group. Bioinformatics analysis identified 4 hub proteins, including CCL2, CXCL10, IL-6 and CXCR3, and demonstrated the potential role of chemokine signaling pathway in MAT surgical outcome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher concentrations of CCL2, ICAM-1, IL-6 and CXCL10 in the aqueous humor were related to the failure of MAT surgery in OAG patients, and chemokine signaling pathway might be associated with the surgical outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1575909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T05:34:10Z","timestamp":1747719250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Aqueous humor cytokines levels and illuminated microcatheter-assisted circumferential 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